Programming Final Exam Review
True/False: There is no difference between defining an object of an ordinary class and an object of a template class
False
True/False: To decrement a number means to increase its value.
False
True/False: When a C++ expression is evaluated, binary operations are performed before unary operations.
False
True/False: When a class declares an entire class as its friend, the friendship status is reciprocal. That is, each class's member functions have free access to the other's private members.
False
True/False: When an operator has two operands of different data types, C++ always converts them both to double before performing the operation.
False
True/False: With pointer variables you can access, but you cannot modify, data in other variables.
False
True/False: You can overload the conditional operator to make it function as an unconditional operator
False
True/False: You can use pass by value when passing a C++ unique pointer to a function.
False
True/False: A class can have a member variable that is an instance of another class. This is called object nesting.
False
True/False: A class declaration creates an object.
False
True/False: A class must have exactly one constructor.
False
True/False: A constructor is a public class function that gets called whenever you want to re-initialize an object's member data.
False
True/False: A member function of a derived class may not have the same name as a member function of a base class
False
True/False: A program may not contain a "regular" version of a function and a template version of the function at the same time
False
True/False: A recursive function cannot call a function other than itself
False
True/False: A switch statement branches to a particular block of code depending on the value of a numeric (i.e. integer or floating-point) variable or constant.
False
True/False: A variable of the char data type can hold a set of characters like "January".
False
True/False: A while loop is somewhat limited, because the counter can only count up, not down.
False
True/False: A while loop may have a semicolon after the test expression and before the body of the loop, but it is not required.
False
True/False: ADT stands for Algorithmic Data Type.
False
True/False: Arrays can be passed to functions, but individual array elements cannot be.
False
True/False: At most one catch block may be attached to a single try block
False
True/False: Both function headers and function calls must list the data types of all data being passed to the function.
False
True/False: C++ permits you to overload the sizeof operator
False
True/False: If a C++ program contains the following array definition int score[10]; the following statement would store 100 in the first array element: score[1] = 100;
False
True/False: If employee is an array of objects with a public member function named setHourlyWage, the following statement correctly calls this method for employee[2]. employee.setHourlyWage[2](20.00);
False
True/False: If the sub-expression on the left side of an && operator is true, the expression on the right side will not be checked.
False
True/False: If you overload the prefix ++ operator, the postfix ++ operator is automatically overloaded also.
False
True/False: In C++ global and local numeric variables are initialized to zero by default.
False
True/False: In C++, if you overload the < operator, you must also overload the > operator.
False
True/False: In C++, the 5 basic arithmetic operators are addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/), and exponentiation (^).
False
True/False: Memory cannot be allocated after a program is already running.
False
True/False: Relational operators connect two or more relational expressions into one, or reverse the logic of an expression.
False
True/False: The cin object lets the user enter a string that contains embedded blanks.
False
True/False: The following C++ test checks if the variable child is in the range 3 - 12. if (child >= 3 && <= 12)
False
True/False: The following pair of C++ statements will cause 3.5 to be output. double number = 7 / 2; cout << number;
False
True/False: The following statements will not print anything. x = 5; if(x < 5) cout << "Hello "; cout << "world \n";
False
True/False: The following two C++ statements perform the same operation. wages = reqPay + overTime; reqPay + overTime = wages
False
True/False: You may overload any C++ operator, and you may use the operator function to define non-standard operators, such as @ and ^.
False
Unit testing code coverage of at least 30% is considered very good.
False
When a loop is nested inside another loop, the outer loop goes through all its iterations for each iteration of the inner loop.
False
True/False: If the value of dollars is 5.0, the following statement will output 5.00 to the monitor: cout << fixed << showpoint << setprecision(4) << dollars << endl;
False (You would need setprecision(2))
True/False: The following statement sets the value of total to -3. total -= 3;
False, this is the subtract AND assignment operator
True/False: The following pair of C++ statements is legal const double taxRate; taxRate = .05;
False. (if it is a const you must initialize it on the same line)
What does the following statement do? typedef int oneDArray[20];
It makes oneDArray an alias for a data type that holds 20 integers.
A function object is an object that acts like a function and is also known as a functor
True
A mutable iterator gives you read/write access to the element to which the iterator points.
True
The STL contains templates for useful algorithms and data structures
True
To improve runtime performance C++11 introduced a new family of member functions that uses the emplacement technique to insert new elements
True
True/False: A base class cannot contain a pointer to one of its derived classes.
True
True/False: A class declaration provides a pattern for creating objects, but doesn't make any objects.
True
True/False: A constructor is a public class function that is automatically invoked (i.e., called) whenever a class object is created.
True
True/False: A pointer with the value 0 is called the NULL pointer
True
True/False: A private member function may only be called from a function that is a member of the same class.
True
True/False: A static member variable can be used when there are no objects of the class in existence
True
True/False: A structure has member variables, like an object, but they are usually all public and accessed directly with the dot operator, instead of by calling member functions.
True
True/False: A thrown exception for which there is no matching catch block will cause the execution of the program to abort
True
True/False: An Abstract data type (ADT) is a programmer-defined data type that specifies the values the type can hold, the operations that can be performed on them, and how the operations will be implemented.
True
True/False: An array name is a pointer constant because the address it represents cannot be changed during run-time.
True
True/False: An element of a two-dimensional array is referenced by the array name and two subscripts, first the element row number and then the element column number.
True
True/False: An initialization expression may be omitted from the for loop if no initialization is required.
True
True/False: Assuming moreData is a Boolean variable, the following two tests are logically equivalent. if (moreData == true) if (moreData)
True
True/False: By default, when an object is assigned to another, each member of one object is copied to its counterpart in the other object.
True
True/False: C++ is a case-sensitive language.
True
True/False: In C++ an expression that evaluates to 5, -5, or for that matter anything other than 0, is considered true by an if statement.
True
True/False: In C++ and other object-oriented programming languages, ADTs are normally implemented as classes.
True
True/False: Object-oriented programming is centered around objects that include both data and the functions that operate on them.
True
True/False: One reason for using functions is to break programs into a set of manageable units, or modules.
True
True/False: Pointers to a base class may be assigned the address of a derived class object.
True
True/False: Recursive algorithms tend to be less efficient than iterative algorithms
True
True/False: Relational expressions and logical expressions are both Boolean, which means they evaluate to true or false.
True
True/False: Some C++ operators cannot be overloaded by the programmer
True
True/False: Static binding occurs when the compiler binds a function call at compile time
True
True/False: The amount of memory used by an array depends solely on the number of elements the array can hold.
True
True/False: The base class access specification can be viewed as a filter that base class members must pass through when becoming inherited members of a derived class.
True
To retrieve a value from a map, you call the ________ member function and pass the ________ that is associated with the desired value.
at() key
In OOP terminology, an object's member variables are often called its ________, and its member functions are sometimes referred to as its ________.
attributes, methods
Which is a better way to use unit tests?
automated testing
The _____ class constructor is called before the ______ class constructor
base, derived
A class may have ________ default constructor(s) and ________ destructor(s).
only one, only one
To overload the + operator you would write a function called
operator +
When an arithmetic expression contains two or more different operators, such as * and +, the order in which the operations is done is determined by
operator precedence
C++ allows you to overload
operators and functions
When converting some algebraic expressions to C++, you may need to insert ________ and ________ that do not appear in the algebraic expression.
operators, parentheses
An _______ operator can work with programmer-defined data types
overloaded
When you redefine the way a standard operator works when it is used with class objects you have _____ the operator
overloaded
If you do not furnish a(n) ________, an automatic memberwise copy will be performed when one object is assigned to another object.
overloaded assignment operator
If you want to make sure that member function of a class overrides another function in a base class you should declare the function with the keyword
override
In a function template, the programmer substitutes _______ for ________
parameters, data types
When a function needs access to an original argument passed to it, for example in order to change its value, the argument needs to be
passed into a reference parameter
the delete operator should only be used on pointers that
point to storage allocated by the new operator
In C++, a value, can be raised to a power by using.
pow function
#include <iostream>is an example of a(n)
preprocessor directive
The while loop is a(n) ________ loop, whereas the do-while loop is a(n) ________ loop.
pretest, post test
______ members of a base class are never accessible to a derived class
private
The ________ is used to protect important data.
private access specifier
Protected members of a base class are like _______ with the exception that they may be accessed by derived classes
private members
A function ________ eliminates the need to place the function definition before all calls to the function.
prototype
A(n) ________ member function may be called by a statement in a function that is outside of the class.
public
An object typically hides its data, but allows outside code to access it through its
public member functions
How do you add an element to a vector?
push_back()
The _____ algorithm uses recursion to sort an array
quicksort
The following statement for(int val : myArray) cout << val << " "; is an example of a(n)
range-based for loop
A _____ function is one that calls itself
recursive
The expression x < y is called a(n) ________ expression.
relational
The while loop has two important parts: a condition that is tested and a statement or block of statements that is
repeated as long as the condition is true
The vector class has a ________ member function which can be used to request an increase in the vector's capacity and a ________ member function to decrease a vector's capacity.
reserve(), shrink_to_fit()
What method do you use to increase the size of of a vector? Give the name only.
resize
A void function is one that
returns no value
Operator associativity is either left to right or
right to left
Two types of container classes in the STL are
sequence and associative
the _______ stream manipulator can be used to establish a field width for the value immediately following it
setw
A C++ character literal is enclosed in ________ quotation marks, whereas a string literal is enclosed in ________ quotation marks.
single,double
A reason to overload the ________ is to write classes that have array-like behavior.
square brackets []
A member function that is declared ______ cannot use the this pointer
static
A(n) ________ member variable may be accessed before any objects of the class have been declared.
static
If a member variable is declared ____ all objects of that class share access to that variable
static
Which of the following expressions will evaluate to 2.5: A) static_cast(5) / 2 B) 5 / static_cast(2) C) static_cast<double>(5/2) D) All of the above E) Both A and B, but not C
static_cast(5) / 2 5 / static_cast(2) but not static_cast<double>(5/2)
A ________ is a dummy function that is called instead of the actual function it represents, to test that the call to and return from the function are working correctly.
stub
By using the same ________ you can build relationships between data stored in two or more arrays.
subscript
To access an array element, use the array name and the element's
subscript
The beginning of a function template is marked by a
template prefix
An overloaded function is one
that has the same name as another function
a pointer may be initialized with
the address of an existing object of the appropriate type
When the less than ( < ) operator is used between two pointer variables, the expression is testing whether
the address of the first variable comes before the address of the second variable in the computer's memory.
When the final value of an expression is assigned to a variable, it will be converted to
the data type of the variable
The set of operations supported by the unique_ptr class include
the dereferencing operators * and ->.
Suppose that a function dynamically allocates a block of memory with a local pointer variable p pointing to the allocated block. Suppose further that there are no other pointers referencing that block of memory, and the function returns without doing a delete on p. Then
the program will suffer from memory leaks
When a member function is defined outside of the class declaration, the function name must be qualified with the class name, followed by
the scope resolution operator (::).
When an array is passed to a function, it is actually ________ the array that is passed.
the starting memory address of
To dereference a structure pointer and simultaneously access a member of the structure, the appropriate operator to use is
the structure pointer operator, ->
When you work with a dereferenced pointer, you are actually working with
the variable whose address is stored in the pointer variable
The ______ is a special built-in pointer that is available to a class's instance member functions
this pointer
To use the binary_search() algorithm you need to include ________
three arguments which are two iterators and a value
When an error occurs an exception is
thrown
The name of a destructor must begin with
tilde (~)
The default section of a switch statement performs a similar task as the ________ portion of an if/else if statement.
trailing else
The library function move() can be used to
transfer ownership of a managed object from one unique_ptr object to another.
A set is an associative container containing elements that must all be unique.
true
In order to insert an element in the middle of a C++ array, you would need to copy (or move) elements after the point of insertion.
true
True/False: A constructor that takes a single parameter of a type other than its class is called a convert constructor
true
True/False: A derived class may become a base class if another is derived from it
true
True/False: A static member function can be called independently of any object of the class
true
True/False: Although global variables can be useful, it is considered good programming practice to restrict your use of them.
true
True/False: It is legal to subtract a pointer variable from another pointer variable
true
True/False: It is possible to declare an entire class as a friend of another class
true
True/False: The structure member selector operator . cannot be overloaded
true
True/False: When a recursive function directly calls itself, this is known as direct recursion
true
True/False: When you overload an operator you cannot change the number of operands taken by the operator
true
True/False: if an rvalue reference refers to a memory location, that memory location becomes an lvalue
true
What will the following expression evaluate to? !( 6 > 7 || 3 == 4)
true
The statement shared_ptr<int> p(new int); involves
two allocations of two different dynamic blocks of memory.
The quicksort algorithm works on the basis of
two sublists and a pivot
A(n) ______ is used in a function template to specify a generic data type
type parameter
A for statement contains three expressions: initialization, test, and
update
Unlike regular variables, arrays can hold multiple
values
You may define a(n) ________ in the initialization expression of a for loop.
variable
A container sequence container that is dynamic in size is a(n)
vector
A virtual function is declared by placing the keyword _____ in front of the return type in the base class's function declaration
virtual
In C++, polymorphism is based on the ability to make member functions of a class
virtual
_________ functions are dynamically bound by the compiler
virtual
For data validation, it is best to use a(n)
while loop
A static local variable is one
whose value is retained between function calls
to indicate that a member function of a class is pure vital
you must put = 0 where the body of the function would go
A function can have ________ parameters, and it can have either zero or one return value(s).
zero to many
The ________ operator is known as the logical OR operator.
||
True/False: The only difference between C-strings and string objects is how they are declared and internally stored. They are used the exact same way.
False
True/False: The range-based for loop may be used with arrays, but not with vectors.
False
True/False: The scope of a variable is the program it is defined in.
False
It is best to cover as many functions as you can in each unit test.
False
What is the name of the C++ head file that helps with unit testing?
assert.h
The ________ directive causes the contents of another file to be inserted into a program.
#include
To use the map class, you must include
#include <map>
If arr is an array identifier and k is an integer, the expression arr[k] is equivalent to
*(arr + k)
________ are C++ operators that change their operands by one.
++ and --
to dereference an object pointer and access one of the object's members, use the
-> operator
Object composition is useful for creating a ______ relationship between classes
has-a
The cin object must be followed by
one or more stream extraction (>>) operators.
What will the following code segment display? enum Season {Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter} favoriteSeason; favoriteSeason = Summer; cout << favoriteSeason;
1
The expression 5 % 2 evaluates to
1 (modulus division)
What will the value of argc be if you run the following command? ./a.out hello 1234 56 34.33 false a b c d
10
The expression 5 / 2 evaluates to
2 (int division)
int x[20]; what is the value of this expression: sizeof(x) / sizeof(*x)
20
What value will be assigned to the variable number by the following statement? int number = 7.8;
7
What does the following C++ expression evaluate to? 6 - 6 / 3 + 3
7 (operator preference)
What will the following code print? num = 8; cout << --num << " "; cout << num++ << " "; cout << num;
7 7 8
To use a vector instead of an array in C++ the name of the library you #include is ____________.
<vector>
The ________ operator may be used to assign one object to another.
=
The ________ operator is used in C++ to test for equality.
==
the ___ operator always follows the cin object, and the ____ operator follows the cout object
>>, <<
In the statement template <class T> what does T represent
A generic data type that is used in a function template
Which of the following will allow an entire line of text to be read into a string object, even if it contains embedded blanks? A) getline() B) cin >> C) cin.get() D) cin.ignore() E) both A and B, but not C or D.
A) getline()
Polymorphism in C++ will not work unless
A) pointers or references are being used
Which arithmetic operations can be performed on pointers?
Addition , subtraction , preincrement, and postincrement
Which of the following definitions will allow the variable total to hold floating-point values? A) float total; B) double total; C) auto total = 0.0;
All of these.
What will the following statement do if x equals 17 and answer = 20? answer = x > 100 ? 0 : 1;
assign 1 to answer
The statements in the body of a do-while loop are executed
at least once
Which of the following statements correctly deletes a dynamically-allocated array pointed to by p?
delete [] p;
If number is an int variable, both of the following statements will print out its value: cout << number; cout << "number";
False
In the statement class Car:protected Vehicle, what is being protected?
Base class members
Recursion can be used to
Both compute factorials and find the greatest common divisor of two integers (GCD), but not program things that cannot be programmed without recursion
In the statement class Car:protected Vehicle, which is the derived class?
Car
If Circle is the name of a class, which of the following statements would create a Circle object named myCircle?
Circle myCircle;
Each function/method only needs 1 unit test.
False
Which of the following statements about ADTs are true? A) They do They specify the values the data type can hold B) They specify the operations the data type can perform C) They hide the details of how the data type is implemented. D) A and B but not C
D
________ are data items whose values cannot change while the program is running. A) none of these B) Integers C) Variables D) Literals E) Fixed data
D) Literals
When an object or structure variable is passed to a function as a constant reference A. the function accesses the original object, rather than a copy of it. B. the function cannot make any changes to the member variables. C. it is more efficient than passing it by value. D. all of the above are true. E. A and B are true, but not C.
D. all of these are true
Which of the following statements doubles the value stored in answer? A) answer += 2; B) answer *= 2; C) answer = answer * 2; D) All three of the above E) Both B and C, but not A
E) Both B and C, but not A
Which of the following is/are valid C++ identifiers? A) Both June_2010 and 2010June. B) June-2010 C) June.2010 D) 2010June E) June_2010
E) June_2010
C++ is one of the few languages that has support for unit testing.
False
Which of the following statements is not true
The value element in a map is used to locate the key
________ can be used as pointers.
array names
A structure variable is similar to a class object in which of the following ways? A) Its data can be initialized with a constructor B) It can be passed to a function or returned from a function C) It has member data that is usually private and accessed through public member functions. D) Its data can be initialized with a constructor and It can be passed to a function or returned from a function, but not It has member data that is usually private and accessed through public member functions.
Its data can be initialized with a constructor and It can be passed to a function or returned from a function, but not It has member data that is usually private and accessed through public member functions.
C++ automatically places ________ at the end of a string literal.
NULL terminator
Which of the following statements correctly creates an enumerated data type and defines an object of that type? ENUM Season {Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter} favoriteSeason; enum Season = {"Spring", "Summer", "Fall", "Winter"} favoriteSeason; enum Season {Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter}, enum favoriteSeason; enum Season = {Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter}, Season favoriteSeason;
None of these
If s1 and s2 are string objects, s1 == s2 is true when
None of these because in each case one or more characters in the strings have different ASCII codes
___________ can be used to override the rules of operator precedence
Parentheses
If Square is the name of a class, which of the following statements would create a Square object named box?
Square box;
Which of the following statements about named constants is/are true? A) A named constant must be initialized with a value at the time it is declared B) The initial value of a named constant, cannot be changed during the program execution are true C) The identifier name of a named constant can only contain capital letters and underscores is not. D) All are true E) A named constant must be initialized with a value at the time it is declared AND The initial value of a named constant, cannot be changed during the program execution are true BUT NOT The identifier name of a named constant can only contain capital letters and underscores is not.
TRUE: A) A named constant must be initialized with a value at the time it is declared B) The initial value of a named constant, cannot be changed during the program execution are true NOT TRUE: C) The identifier name of a named constant can only contain capital letters and underscores is not.
The following 4 lines of C++ code, use strings. string firstName; char lastName[7]; firstName = "Abraham"; lastName = "Lincoln"; Which of the following statements is/are true?
The string object is assigned a value correctly, but the C-string is not.
True/False: The block of code in the body of a while statement can contain an unlimited number of statements, provided they are enclosed in a set of braces.
True
True/False: The cin object can be used to input more than one value in a single statement.
True
True/False: The expression s->m has the same meaning as (*s).m
True
True/False: The expression s->m is meaningful only when s is a pointer to a structure and m is a member of the structure
True
True/False: The following statement sets sum1, sum2, and sum3 all to zero. sum1 = sum2 = sum3 = 0;
True
True/False: The following two expressions evaluate to the same thing: c + a * b c + (a * b)
True
True/False: The following two statements will assign the same value to result result = a + b * c; result = b * c + a;
True
True/False: The this pointer is a special built-in pointer that is automatically passed as a hidden argument to all instance member functions.
True
True/False: When a class contains a pointer to dynamically allocated memory, it a good idea to have the class overload the assignment operator.
True
True/False: When an operator's operands are of different data types, such as int and double, C++ automatically converts one of them so that they are the same data type.
True
True/False: When arguments must be passed to the base class constructor, they are passed from the derived class constructor's header line.
True
True/False: When you create a vector it is unnecessary to specify how many elements it will hold because it will expand in size as you add new values to it.
True
True/False: When you pass an array as an argument to a function, the function can modify the contents of the array.
True
True/false: The C++ mechanism for exception handling encloses code that might throw an exception in a try block and puts exception handling code in catch blocks attached to the try block
True
When you declare an iterator to work with a container, the compiler automatically chooses the right type
True
in the statement class Car::public Vehicle, which is the base class?
Vehicle
In a C++ program, two slash marks ( // ) indicate the beginning of
a comment
When overloading the operator ++, ________ is used to distinguish preincrement from postincrement.
a dummy integer parameter
To step through a one-dimensional array, accessing the elements one by one, it would be most appropriate to use ________ loop.
a for loop
An lvalue is
a memory location that is associated with a name that can be used by different parts of the program to access the memory location.
A C++ member function that sets or changes the value stored in a member variable is called
a mutator
Hand tracing a program is
a program debugging technique.
Memory leaks occur in a program when
a programmer fails to use delete on a pointer whose memory was allocated by the new operator.
C++ requires that a copy constructors parameters be
a reference to an object
A two-dimensional array can be viewed as
a table with rows and columns
An rvalue is
a temporary value that cannot be accessed from a different part of the program.
Which of the following defines an array object that holds three strings
array<string, 4> items = ("blue", "green", "yellow")
The base class's ________ affects the way its members are inherited by the derived class.
access specification
A variable that keeps a running total of data values is called a(n)
accumulator
The term pointer can be used interchangeably with
address
Assuming that arr is an array identifier, the statement sum += *arr;
adds the value stored in arr[0] to sum
A situation in which every object of a class A has a pointer to an object of a class B and the objects of the class B may outlive objects of class A is called
aggregation
Which of the following statements correctly initialize the value variable?
all of these
You may use the type pointer to a structure as the type of a a. function parameter b. structure member c. function return type d. All of these e. None of these
all of these
Which of the following statements is not valid C++ code
all of these are invalid
The ________, also known as the address operator, returns the memory address of a variable.
ampersand(&)
A class with at least one pure vital function is called
an abstract class
A C++ member function that uses, but does not change, the value of a member variable is called
an accessor
In the following statement, what is 22.0? cout << sqrt(22.0);
an argument
The elements of an array can be
any of these
A(n) ________ is information that is passed to a function, and a(n) ________ is a special variable that receives and holds that information.
argument, parameter
A good reason for overloading an operator is to enable it to
be used with types defined by the programmer
A flag is a variable, usually of data type ________, that signals whether or not some condition exists.
bool
in an inheritance situation the new class that you create from an existing class is known as the
both derived class and child class
If setSide is a Square class function and box is a Square object, which of the following statements would set the length of box's side to 5?
box.setSide(5);
The bad_alloc exception is thrown
by the new operator
When only a copy of an argument is passed to a function, it is said to be passed
by value
the _____ of recursion is the number of times a recursive function calls itself
depth
A function ________ is a statement that causes a function to execute.
call
When you derive a class from an existing class, you
can add both new data and new functions
a recursive function that does not correctly handle its base case may
cause an infinite chain of recursive calls
The ________ object causes data to be input from the keyboard.
cin
______ causes a program to wait until information is typed at the keyboard and the Enter key is pressed
cin object
A constructor must have the same name as the
class
In the statement template <class T> what does the word class indicate
class is a keyword that indicates that T is a type parameter
To use the sqrt() function, or other mathematical library functions, you must #include the ________ header file in your program.
cmath
It is a good idea to make a copy constructor's parameters ________ by specifying the ________ keyword in the parameter list.
constant, const
A(n) ______ is a class that stores data and organizes it in some fashion
container
The most important data structures in the STL are
containers, iterators
A(n) ______ is a special function that is called whenever a new object is created and initialized with data from another object of the same class
copy constructor
Whena. class contains a pointer to dynamically allocated memory it is a good idea to equip the class with a
copy constructor
If you do not furnish a(n) for a class, a default will be provided for you by the compiler
copy constructor, assignment operator, constructor
Which of the following will cause the next output to begin on a new line?
cout << endl;
The ________ is used to display information on the computer's screen.
cout object
The ________ class destructor is called before the ________ class destructor.
derived, base
A constructor that does not require that any arguments be passed to it is called a(n) ________ constructor.
default
A(n) ________ argument is one that is automatically passed to a parameter when the argument is left out of the function call.
default
the statement double *num;
defines a pointer variable called num
You must have a(n) ________ for every variable you include in a program.
definition
If you allocate space for an array like the previous question, then you must deallocate it using: ________[ ] values;
delete
To use an output file in a C++ program you must
do create a file stream object that will "point to" (i.e. reference) the file AND open the file, BUT not make sure the file already exists.
The statement cout << setw(4) << num4 << " ";
does none of these (it shifts three blank space, 4 including the first digit)
Public members of a class object can be accessed from outside the class by using the
dot operator
Class templates allows you to create one general version of a class without having to
duplicate code to handle multiple data types
Select all that apply. Which of the following are member functions of the vector class that use emplacement
emplace(), emplace_back()
A technique introduced by C++11 to improve runtime performance is known as
emplacement
The bundling of an object's data and functions together is called
encapsulation
What is the name of the method that tells you if you have reached the end of the file you are reading?
eof
Which method would you use to remove an element from a C++ vector? Give ONLY the name of the method, nothing else.
erase
_____ are used to signal errors or unexpected events that occur while a program is running
exceptions
Program code that can be evaluated to a value is called a(n)
expression
An associative container stores data in a non-sequential way so it is slower to locate elements than a sequential container
false
In order to insert an element in the middle of a C++ vector, you would need to copy (or move) elements after the point of insertion.
false
The concept of arrays is unique to C and C++.
false
True/False: A C++ unique pointer (unique_ptr) can be initialized with the value of another unique pointer.
false
True/False: A derived class may not have any classes derived from it
false
True/False: A static member function cannot be called if no objects of the class exist
false
True/False: If a function f is a friend of a class A, and the class A is a friend of a class B, then the function f is able to access private members of B.
false
True/False: If a function has no return statement, the flow of control moves to the next function in the file when the closing brace of the function body is reached.
false
True/False: If an exception is not caught, it is stored for later use
false
True/False: In an inheritance situation you cant pass arguments to a base class constructor
false
True/False: Indirect recursion means that a function calls itself several times
false
True/False: The this pointer is automatically passed to static member functions of a class
false
True/False: When you make a function call, the order of the arguments you send does not matter as long as the number of arguments matches the number of parameters the function has.
false
True/False: You may use the exit() function to return the flow of control from a function back to main() regardless of where the function was called from.
false
True/False: The following C++ statement will assign 1.5 to the result variable. int result - 3.0 / 2.0;
false (you need to cast it as a double)
A ____ function is not a member of a class, but it has access to the private members of the class
friend
To use files in a C++ program you must include the ________ header file.
fstream
What is the name of the C++ library you need to include in order to perform file I/O in your program?
fstream
Select all that apply. An object of a class that overloads the function call operator is a(n)
functor, function object
Accessors are sometimes called ________ functions and mutators are sometimes called ________ functions.
get, set
A ________ variable is declared outside all functions.
global
The bool data type
has only two values: true and false
The ________ statement executes one statement, or block of statements, if a condition is true and skips it, doing nothing, if the condition is false
if
The ________ statement acts like a chain of if statements. Each performs its test, one after the other, until one of them is found to be true or until the construct is exited without any test ever evaluating to true.
if/else if
The statement int grades[ ] = { 100, 90, 99, 80 };is an example of
implicit array sizing
With pointer variables, you can ________ manipulate data stored in other variables.
indirectly
_______ allows us to create new classes based on existing classes
inheritance
________ is commonly used to extend a class, or to give it additional capabilities.
inheritance
In a for statement, the ________ expression is executed only once.
initialization
When the body of a member function is defined inside a class declaration, it is called a(n) ________ function.
inline
When a program lets the user know that an invalid menu choice has been made, this is an example of
input validation
An object is a(n) ________ of a class.
instance
An object is an _______ of a class
instance
Each object of a class has its own copy of the class's
instance member variables
When three different objects of a class are created, they are said to be separate ________ of the class.
instances
Provide the word needed to complete this C++ declaration which creates a vector of integers. vector <______> values;
int
What is the data type of the first parameter on the main program? HINT: we call it argc
int
The code segment int *ptr; has the same meaning as
int* ptr;
To use stream manipulators, you should include the _______ header file
iomanip
In any program that uses the cin object, you must use the #include
iostream header file
The ++ operator
is a unary operator. can operate in prefix or postfix mode. adds one to the value of its operand. ALL OF THESE!!!!
A destructor is a member function that
is automatically called when an object is destroyed.
A function may return a pointer, but the programmer must ensure that the pointer
is pointing to an object that is still valid after the return of the function
A c++ smart pointer
is used to ensure that memory that is no longer in use is automatically deleted.
This code loops through the elements of a vector. Provide the missing word. for (vector<int>::_____________ it = values.begin(); it != values.end(); it++)
iterator
A sentinel is a special value that
marks the end of a list of values
Polymorphism is when ________ in a class hierarchy perform differently, depending upon which object performs the call.
member functions
A pure vital function
must be overridden in a derivedclass for the function to be useful
If setRadius is a Circle class function and myCircle is a Circle object, which of the following statements would set myCircle's radius to 2.5?
myCircle.setRadius(2.5);
What is always the 1st command line argument to a C++ program?
name of the program
One way to dynamically allocate space for an array is like this: int *values = ______ int[100];
new
A constructor may have a return type of
none of these
Arguments are passed to the base class destructor function by the ____ class _____ function
none of these
Which of the following statements will correctly carry out the operation stated in the comment to its right?
none of these
The following statement number = rand() % 5 + 10; assigns number a value in the range of
none of these (correct answer is 10-15 (15 being exclusive))
What does the last line in this code do? vector<int> values; values.push_back(40); values.push_back(20); values.push_back(50); values[5] = 10;
nothing
Beginning with C++ 11, the recommended value for a pointer whose value is invalid is
nullptr
Which of the following statements will assign number a value from 90-100 A) number = rand() % 90 + 10; B) number = rand() % 90 + 11; C) number = rand() % 10 + 90; D) number = rand() % 11 + 90; E) None of these
number = rand() % 11 + 90;
The process of having a class contain an instance of another class is known as
object composition
