Properties and Changes of matter unit test

A gaseous substance turns into a solid. Which best describes this change? A substance that has a specific shape changes to a substance that has no specific shape. A substance that has no specific volume changes to a substance that has a specific volume. A substance that completely fills its container changes to a substance that has a specific volume but takes the shape of its container. A substance that has a specific volume changes to a substance that has a much smaller specific volume.

A substance that has no specific volume changes to a substance that has a specific volume.

The diagram below shows the different phase transitions that occur in matter. mc006-1.jpg Which best describes the process that arrow 1 represents? Molecules are speeding up during boiling. Molecules are depositing as ice on a surface. Molecules are slowing down during condensing. Molecules are moving from stationary positions.

Molecules are speeding up during boiling

Which is an aspect of the kinetic-molecular theory and can be used to explain the compressibility of plasmas? Particles move independently of one another and are widely spaced. Particle kinetic energy increases with increasing temperature. Particles exert no attractive or repulsive force on one another. Particles always move even when they have fixed positions.

Particles move independently of one another and are widely spaced.

Why do amorphous solids not have a long-range order in the arrangement of their particles? Their formation involves very rapid cooling. They do not have enough particles. Their particles eventually change positions. Their particles always stay in the same positions.

Their formation involves very rapid cooling.

Consider the temperature versus time graph below. mc019-1.jpg At what temperature is the substance a heated gas? at 100°C below 0°C above 100°C between 0°C and 100°C

above 100°C

In the diagram below, particles of the substance are moving from the liquid phase to the gas phase at the same rate as they move from the gas phase to the liquid phase. The gas and liquid are at.... equilibrium. a high vapor pressure. a low vapor pressure. zero vapor pressure.

equilibrium

The diagrams show gases that are stored in two separate but similar containers. f both gases are at the same temperature, which one has the greater pressure? gas 1 because the particles are moving much faster gas 1 because it has fewer particles that are close together gas 2 because it has more particles that are colliding gas 2 because the particles have more space between them

gas 2 because it has more particles that are colliding

Which physical method can separate a mixture of steel ball bearings and marbles? boiling evaporation filtration sorting

sorting

The graph below shows how solubility changes with temperature. mc023-1.jpg How many grams of NaCl will be needed to form 600 mL of a saturated solution at 100°C? 15 g 24 g 40 g 240 g

240 g

Which factor influences both solubility and the rate of dissolution? pressure temperature particle size nature of solvent

temperature

Which statement best compares the melting point of butane (C4H10) with that of octane (C8H18)? The melting points of both substances are identical. The melting point is lower for the substance that has stronger attractive forces. The melting point is higher for the substance that has stronger intermolecular forces. The melting point is not dependent on intermolecular forces.

The melting point is higher for the substance that has stronger intermolecular forces.

Which statement describes a limitation of the kinetic-molecular theory for a gas? The theory assumes that particles do not experience intermolecular forces. The theory states that pressure is inversely proportional to volume. The theory assumes that particles are in random and continuous motion. The theory states that pressure increases with temperature.

The theory assumes that particles do not experience intermolecular forces.

Which statement describes heterogeneous mixtures? They are made up of two or more pure substances that are not chemically bonded together. They appear uniform, like a pure substance. They have fixed ratios between their components. They are made up of two or more pure substances that can be separated only by chemical processes.

They are made up of two or more pure substances that are not chemically bonded together.

Which of the following observations would indicate that a material is a pure substance? It does not dissolve in water. It changes color after heating. It cannot be physically broken down into different types of atoms. It can be physically broken down into different types of molecules.

It cannot be physically broken down into different types of atoms.

When the process of condensation occurs, the kinetic energy of particles... is insufficient to overcome intermolecular forces. becomes independent of temperature. becomes exactly equal to the intermolecular forces. easily overcomes the intermolecular forces.

is insufficient to overcome intermolecular forces