Properties of Waves

What is the speed of a wave with a wavelength of 3 m and a frequency of .1 Hz? 0.03 m/s 0.3 m/s 3.1 m/s 30 m/s

0.3 m/s

Label the parts of the transverse wave. Amplitude: Crest : Trough: Wavelength:

B A C D

Which is an example of radiation? Check all that apply. Troy's hand is burned when he touches hot wax. Earth is heated by energy from the Sun. A hot dog is held over a fire and gets warm. Soup is heated in a microwave. Water is boiled in a pot on a stove burner.

Earth is heated by energy from the Sun. Soup is heated in a microwave.

Which best describes the relationship between the terms "frequency," "wavelength," and "hertz"? Wavelength is the number of frequencies, which is measured in hertz. Frequency is the number of wavelengths, which is measured in hertz. Wavelength is measured from frequency to hertz. Frequency is measured from wavelength to hertz.

Frequency is the number of wavelengths, which is measured in hertz.

Which statement correctly describes the relationship between the energy of a wave and the wave's amplitude? High energy waves have high amplitudes. Low energy waves have high amplitudes. High and low energy waves have the same amplitudes.

High energy waves have high amplitudes.

Which diagram best illustrates what happens when electromagnetic waves strike a rough, dark material?

Straight line going down with a red squiggly line going straight through the center

Which is required for convection to occur? a solid substance a heat source boiling water air molecules

a heat source

A(n) is a material that takes in a wave when the wave hits it.

absorber

The owner of a window-treatment company wants to design shades that will cover the windows of a house. The shades should also warm the house by maximizing the absorption of solar energy coming through the windows. Which kind of material would bestaccomplish this task? black and textured black and smooth white and textured white and smooth

black and textured

Identify the properties of transverse and longitudinal waves. Amplitude: Compression: Frequency: Period: Wavelength:

both longitudinal and transverse longitudinal both longitudinal and transverse both longitudinal and transverse both longitudinal and transverse

Which material most likely gets the warmest when placed in the Sun? white cement beige sand brown mulch yellow pebbles

brown mulch

Which best describes the shape of a convection current? linear spiral circular wave

circular

In a convection current, as the temperature of a fluid increases, its decreases.

density

Where could convection currents form? Check all that apply. in a sand dune in a freshwater lake in the atmosphere in outer space in Earth's mantle

in a freshwater lake in the atmosphere in Earth's mantle

A(n) is a material that causes a wave to bounce off of it.

reflector

The diagram shows currents that form as water is heated. Which would most likely contain this same type of current? the air above a wildfire a carton of milk in a refrigerator a snowdrift on a shady mountainside a boulder in a hot desert

the air above a wildfire

A diagram that shows thermal energy being released by objects is called a .

thermogram

A wave is traveling at 36 m/s. If its wavelength is 12 m, how many times does a wavelength move across a set point every second? one time three times twelve times thirty-six times

three times

What will most likely happen if a light wave moves through a solid? It will increase in wavelength. It will decrease in speed. It will increase in speed. It will decrease in wavelength.

It will decrease in speed.

What will most likely happen if a sound wave moves from the air through a solid? It will increase in wavelength. It will decrease in speed. It will increase in speed. It will decrease in wavelength.

It will increase in speed.

What is the speed of a wave that has a frequency of 125 Hz and a wavelength of 1.25 meters? Express your answer to the nearest whole number. meters per second

156

What is the speed of a wave with a frequency of 2 Hz and a wavelength of 87 m? 0.023 m/s 43.5 m/s 89 m/s 174 m/s

174 m/s

What is the wavelength of a wave that has a speed of 350 meters/second and a frequency of 140 hertz? meters

2.5

Which wave, A or B, has lower energy? A, because it has a higher amplitude B, because it has a higher amplitude A, because it has a lower amplitude B, because it has a lower amplitude

A, because it has a lower amplitude

The is the the distance between two crests or two troughs on a transverse wave. It is also the distance between compressions or the distance between rarefactions on a longitudinal wave.

wavelength

Car manufacturers use radiation for which task? sealing windows drying paint cleaning tires lubricating engines

drying paint

Evan drew a diagram to illustrate radiation. What do the arrows represent? gases mixing with particles liquid moving through a vacuum moving particles electromagnetic waves

electromagnetic waves

Convection only occurs in .

fluids

The of a wave is the number of wavelengths that pass a fixed point in a second.

frequency

Which equation should be used to calculate the speed of a wave? speed = frequency x wavelength speed = frequency x hertz speed = period x wavelength speed = period x hertz

speed = frequency x wavelength

Which equations could be used as is, or rearranged to calculate for frequency of a wave? Check all that apply. wavelength = frequency / speed speed = frequency x wavelength wavelength = speed / frequency frequency = speed / wavelength frequency = wavelength over speed speed = wavelength x frequency

speed = frequency x wavelength wavelength = speed / frequency frequency = speed / wavelength speed = wavelength x frequency

Which area of Earth is most similar to the sun's convection zone? the crust the equator the mantle the poles

the mantle

Label the parts of the longitudinal wave. Compressions: Rarefactions: Wavelength:

A B C

A wave of infrared light has a speed of 6 m/s and a wavelength of 12 m. What is the frequency of this wave? 0.5 Hz 2.0 Hz 18 Hz 72 Hz

0.5 Hz

Order the waves from shortest wavelength (1) to longest wavelength (4). Gamma rays: Microwaves: Radio: Visible light:

1 3 4 2

Julia performs an experiment to measure the wavelength of four different waves and records her data in the table below. Which accurately ranks the waves from the lowest energy wave to the highest energy wave? 1 → 4 → 3 → 2 2 → 3 → 4 → 1 3 → 2 → 4 → 1 1 → 4 → 2 → 3

1 → 4 → 2 → 3

A student heats a liquid on a burner. What happens to the portion of liquid that first begins to warm? Check all that apply. It becomes more dense. It becomes less dense. It releases energy to the environment. It absorbs energy from the environment. It rises upward. It sinks downward.

It becomes less dense. It absorbs energy from the environment. It rises upward.

How does radiation help treat cancer? It cools down the cancer cells and weakens them. It cools down the non-cancerous cells and strengthens them. It heats up the cancer cells and weakens them. It heats up the non-cancerous cells and strengthens them.

It heats up the cancer cells and weakens them.

A structural engineer is using this table to design a wall to protect a city near the ocean. How high should the engineer build the wall? 50 meters 100 meters 150 meters 200 meters

200 meters

Which best describes convection? It relies on the collision of particles within or between substances. It occurs in solids, liquids, or gases that are heated. It results when portions of a liquid cool and rise. It is driven by temperature differences within a fluid.

It is driven by temperature differences within a fluid.

A student places a large pot of cold water on a stove and heats it for one minute. Then she takes the pot of water off the burner and places it on the counter. Which best describes the convection currents? Convection currents move thermal energy from the stove to the pot, and then from the pot to the water. After the stove is turned off, convection currents continue to transfer energy through the water for a period of time. Convection currents in the water cause warmer, denser water to rise and transfer energy upward. When the stove is turned on, convection currents cause an increase in the chemical energy of water molecules.

After the stove is turned off, convection currents continue to transfer energy through the water for a period of time.

Which statement correctly describes the relationship between frequency and wavelength? As the frequency of a wave increases, the longer its wavelength is. As the frequency of a wave increases, the shorter its wavelength is. As the frequency of a wave increases, its wavelength remains the same.

As the frequency of a wave increases, the shorter its wavelength is.

The diagram shows how air circulation forms a sea breeze on a warm day. Which best describes what is happening in the diagram? At point 1, the air in the convection current is warmer and denser than at point 3 because its molecules contain more kinetic energy. At point 2, the air absorbs thermal energy from the surrounding air, which causes it to become heavier and sink. At point 3, the air in the convection current is cooler and lighter than the air in other parts of the current, so it is preparing to rise. At point 4, thermal energy from warm air over the land is transferred upward toward cooler areas of the atmosphere.

At point 4, thermal energy from warm air over the land is transferred upward toward cooler areas of the atmosphere.

Andre listed some properties of electromagnetic waves. 1) transfer thermal energy by radiation 2) can transfer energy over great distances 3) need matter to transfer energy through 4) are disturbances that carry energy Which best describes Andre's error? Electromagnetic waves transfer thermal energy by conduction. Electromagnetic waves can only transfer energy over short distances. Electromagnetic waves can transfer energy through empty space. Electromagnetic waves are not considered disturbances.

Electromagnetic waves can transfer energy through empty space.

Why is thermal energy from the Sun transferred to Earth through electromagnetic waves instead of any other type of thermal energy transfer? Electromagnetic waves can carry energy through matter. Electromagnetic waves can travel through empty space. Electromagnetic waves can move through gases faster than other types of energy transfer. Electromagnetic waves can move more energy than other types of energy transfer.

Electromagnetic waves can travel through empty space.

Henri draws a wave that has a 4 cm distance between the midpoint and the trough. Geri draws a wave that has an 8 cm vertical distance from the bottom of the trough to the top of the crest. Which statement best describes the energy in Henri and Geri's waves? Henri's wave has a higher amplitude and more energy. Henri's wave and Geri's wave have the same amplitude and the same energy. Henri's wave and Geri's wave have the same amplitude, but Geri's has more energy. Geri's wave has a higher amplitude and more energy.

Henri's wave and Geri's wave have the same amplitude and the same energy.

Which best explains how thermal energy is transferred when someone holds a hand above a fire? It is being transferred by radiation because the hand is not in the path of rising air. It is not transferred by radiation because the hand is not in the path of rising air. It is being transferred by radiation because the hand is in the path of rising air. It is not transferred by radiation because the hand is in the path of rising air.

It is not transferred by radiation because the hand is in the path of rising air.

A farmer places unhatched chicken eggs under a heat lamp. How does the radiation help the eggs? It keeps the area around the eggs cool until the eggs hatch. It makes the eggs weaker so they are easier to break open. It makes the eggs stronger so they do not break. It keeps the eggs warm until they hatch.

It keeps the eggs warm until they hatch.

Which best explains how radiation is helpful in the plastics industry? It makes plastics easier to shape. It adds a protective layer to plastic. It decreases the melting point of plastic. It improves the strength and durability of plastic.

It makes plastics easier to shape.

The lava lamp has a light bulb as a heat source at its base. The lamp contains a colored, waxy fluid that can be observed moving in clumps through a clear liquid. Which indicates that the clump of waxy fluid at the center of the lamp is moving downward rather than upward? It is less dense than the surrounding liquid. Its molecules are losing kinetic energy. Its molecules begin to slow down before they become faster. Its temperature increases before it decreases again.

Its temperature increases before it decreases again.

Anya recorded the temperatures of four different smooth materials after they were placed under a heat lamp for thirty minutes. Which conclusion is best supported by the information in the chart? Material W is less absorbent than material Z. Material Y is the least reflective. Material X is more reflective than material W. Material Z is the least absorbent.

Material W is less absorbent than material Z.

Which describes how radiation moves? Radiation moves from a cooler object to a warmer object Radiation moves from a warmer object to a cooler object Radiation moves from a warm object to an object of the same temperature Radiation moves from a cool object to an object of the same temperature

Radiation moves from a warmer object to a cooler object

When Xavier places his hands near a light bulb, he notices that certain areas around the light bulb are warmer than others. Which best explains this? The areas to the sides of the light bulb are warmest because of conduction. The areas to the sides of the light bulb are warmest because of convection. The area directly above the light bulb is warmest because of conduction. The area directly above the light bulb is warmest because of convection.

The area directly above the light bulb is warmest because of convection.

Marco is conducting an experiment. He knows the wave that he is working with has a wavelength of 32.4 cm. If he measures the frequency as 3 hertz, which statement about the wave is accurate? The wave has traveled 32.4 cm in 3 seconds. The wave has traveled 32.4 cm in 9 seconds. The wave has traveled 97.2 cm in 3 seconds. The wave has traveled 97.2 cm in 1 second.

The wave has traveled 97.2 cm in 1 second.

A thermogram of a house shows high amounts of thermal energy around the windows but not around the roof. Which conclusion is best supported by the thermogram? The windows take in a lot of solar radiation. The roof takes in a lot of solar radiation. The windows are not energy efficient, but the roof is. The roof is not energy efficient, but the windows are.

The windows are not energy efficient, but the roof is.

Water is boiling in a clear pot, as shown in the picture. Which takes place as water cycles from the bottom of the pot toward the top? Thermal energy is transferred. Water molecules gain kinetic energy. Chemical energy is transferred. Water molecules gain thermal energy.

Thermal energy is transferred.

The diagram shows the motion of a group of water molecules over a heat source. How do the molecules at point A compare to the molecules at point B? Check all that apply. They are closer together. They are farther apart. They are moving faster. They are moving slower. They have gained energy. They have lost energy.

They are farther apart. They are moving faster. They have gained energy.

Water is boiling in a clear pot, as shown in the picture. How do the water molecules closest to the burner compare to the water molecules closest to the surface of the liquid? They are more spread out and moving faster than those at the surface. They are closer together and moving faster than those at the surface. They are more spread out and moving slower than those at the surface. They are closer together and moving slower than those at the surface.

They are more spread out and moving faster than those at the surface.

The diagram shows the sun's interior. Convection currents are present in the convection zone. Which best describes how fluids change as they travel through different portions of the convection currents? They change to solids at the outer portion of the convection currents. They change to solids at the inner portion of the convection currents. They become more dense at the outer portion of the convection currents. They become more dense at the inner portion of the convection currents.

They become more dense at the outer portion of the convection currents.

Which best describes the convection currents in Earth's mantle? They transfer potential energy away from Earth's core toward its crust. They transfer thermal energy away from Earth's core toward its crust. They transfer chemical and thermal energy in a circular pattern. They transfer chemical and potential energy in a circular pattern.

They transfer thermal energy away from Earth's core toward its crust.

Which answer choice provides the best set of labels for Wave A and Wave B? Wave A: Longitudinal Wave Wave B: Transverse Wave Wave A: High Frequency Wave Wave B: Low Frequency Wave Wave A: Transverse Wave Wave B: Longitudinal Wave Wave A: Low Frequency Wave Wave B: High Frequency Wave

Wave A: Low Frequency Wave Wave B: High Frequency Wave

This chart shows characteristics of three different waves, all with the same wavelength of 10 m but moving at different frequencies. Which statement is best supported by the information in the chart? Wave Y is moving the fastest. Wave X is moving the fastest. All of the waves are moving at the same speed. All of the waves have the same value of wavelengths per second.

Wave X is moving the fastest.

Which electromagnetic wave has the shortest wavelength? Which electromagnetic wave would have a wavelength approximately the size of the tip of a pencil? Which electromagnetic wave has the longest wavelength?

gamma rays infrared radio waves

The more energy a wave carries, the its amplitude.

higher

Aansi wants energy on a sound wave to be carried more quickly through a metal medium. Which could she do? decrease the temperature increase the temperature use a gas medium instead use a liquid medium instead

increase the temperature

The lava lamp has a light bulb as a heat source at its base. The lamp contains a colored, waxy fluid that can be observed moving in clumps through a clear liquid. As the clump of colored fluid at the bottom of the lava lamp rises to the top, which will increase? its density its temperature the kinetic energy of its molecules the space between its molecules

its density

Period - the amount of time it takes for a wavelength to pass a certain point Wavelength - distance between a crest and a crest or a trough and a trough Amplitude - distance between the midpoint to a crest or the midpoint to a trough Frequency - number of wavelengths that pass a fixed point in a second. Speed - the distance traveled per unit of time.

match

Complete the passage to summarize factors affecting the speed of a wave. The material or substance that a wave moves through is called a . The medium affects the speed of the wave that passes through it. One factor that affects the speed of a wave is the of medium. Some waves move faster in solids and some waves move faster in liquids and gases. Another factor that affects wave speed is the of the medium.

medium type temperature

What order shows increasing frequency for gamma rays, microwaves, visible light, and X-rays? gamma rays, X-rays, visible light, microwaves microwaves, visible light, X-rays, gamma rays visible light, gamma rays, microwaves, X-rays X-rays, microwaves, gamma rays, visible light

microwaves, visible light, X-rays, gamma rays

Yami pours powdered cocoa mix into milk and stirs it. Then she microwaves the mixture for three minutes. When she takes the cup out, the handle is very warm. Steam rises from the cup, so she blows it before taking a sip. In which part of this scenario can convection be bestobserved? stirring powdered cocoa mix into milk touching the warm handle of the cup rising steam from the cup of cocoa blowing on the hot cocoa to cool it

rising steam from the cup of cocoa

Which best illustrates the way in which radiation transfers thermal energy?

warm with wavy lines pointing to cool

Which are examples of a medium? water and air amplitude and wavelength crests and troughs compressions and rarefactions

water and air

A is any disturbance that carries energy from one place to another through matter and space.

wave

Radiation transfers thermal energy through .

waves