PSC 231 (Chp 7-12)

Which country has had the most expansionary policies in recent years, claiming numerous disputed territories in the East China and South China Seas?

China

How do constructivist explanations of democracy and cooperation differ from liberal explanations?

Contructivist place more of an idea that identity and norms associated with democracy leads to cooperation

What best describes the state of development funding in use today?

Development funds are tailored to meet the needs of each individual state, with more attention paid to human deveopment

Match the kind of enforcement with the correct description.

European Union - vertical enforced by interational organizations - vertical involves the use of statecraft, such as sanctions or diplomacy - horizontal

provides short-term loans and advice to countries facing budget crises ? pushes for the reduction of tariff and nontariff barriers between countries ? provides loans for development projects, often based around infrastructure ?

IMF, GATT/World Trade Organization, World Bank

Which of the following are neoliberal institutionalist reasons for why cooperation happens in the international system?

International organizations foster a sense of reciprocity and it is in the self-interest of the state

How does the prisoner's dilemma apply to international relations according to realists?

It demonstrates that states have an incentive to cheat on agreement if it benefits them to do so

Which of the following are arguments in favor of the North American Free Trade Agreement?

It increased trade between the three countries in the agreement, It strengthened the American agricultural sector and Foreign direct investment between the three countries has gone up substantially.

Why is the International Court of Justice is a weak institution?

It rarely takes on controversial cases, it hears very few cases, only states may initate proceedings

Which of the following made the Eurozone crisis worse in PIGS countries, such as Greece and Portugal?

PIGS countries could not control their own monetary policy, PIGS countries had large budget deficits and no way of financing them, PIGS countries had no formal way of receiving money from wealthier EU nations.

What best describes the relationship between mercantilism and protectionism?

Protectionism represents a set of policies that a mercantilist government might follow.

Which statements about comparative advantage are correct?

States are likely to import products that use resources they lack and States are likely to have a comparative advantage in areas where they have lots of resources.

Which of the following statements about the modern international monetary system are correct?

The most important currency in the world is the U.S. dollar. The value of the U.S. dollar is allowed to float and is based on market forces.

What does it mean for a country to accede to a treaty?

The state agrees to follow the treaty after it has entered the force

Hugo Grotius is often considered a founder of international law because he laid down the fundamental principles of international law that remain in use today.

True

Which of the following are sources of international law?

True - Treaties and Customs False - Domestic laws

According to liberals, economic interdependence between countries makes war less likely because it raises the costs of war for both sides.

True, If countries have strong economic linkages, particularly when it comes to trade, they both have more to lose if they go to war.

What best matches the definition of international law?

a body of rules and norms that help regulate interactions in the international system

Tom Brady is way better at earning money by playing football than I am. Tom Brady is also much more efficient at earning money doing yardwork than I am, because he's in much better shape. We would say that Tom has a(n) - advantage over me in both football and yardwork. However, I am more efficient at earning money by doing yardwork than I am by playing football. Thus, we would say I have a(n) - advantage in doing yardwork.

absolute, compartative

Which three factors are part of the "Kantian triangle of peace" that together comprise liberal explanations for cooperation?

democracy, economic interdependence, international insitiutions

Most policymakers in charge of international economic institutions, as well as most leaders of Western nations and academics, come from which economic perspective?

economic liberalism

International criminal law has seen advances in a couple of key areas. The first, which involves sending an accused individual from one state to another to stand trial or serve a sentence, is known as -. The other, called -, helps authorities solve crimes by sharing information and resources.

extradition, mutual legal assistance

Taxing and spending are related to - policy, whereas - policy is related to regulating the economy through manipulating interest rates and the currency supply.

fiscal, monatary

There are several different kinds of exchange rates. If a country allows the value of its currency to be determined by the market, we say it has a - exchange rate. If, on the other hand, a country pegs the value of its currency to the value of a precious metal, such as gold, or to the value of a different currency (usually the U.S. dollar), we refer to this as a - exchange rate.

floating, fixed

Place the steps of the creation of a treaty in order from first to last.

negotiation, adoption, signing, ratification, enters into the force, acceded to

An arms race, in which each country feels like it must invest more and more in its military and its weapons to prevent its enemies from gaining an advantage, is an example of how which type of gains can make cooperation difficult in international relations?

relative

Who owns sovereign wealth funds?

states

If a state knows that it will be interacting repeatedly with other states for many years to come, it may be more willing to cooperate in the present. What is this called?

the shadow of the future, The idea behind this naming is that the prospect of future interactions casts a shadow on the actions a state will choose to take in the present.

During the past thirty years, a growing share of money going to developing countries has come from private sources, such as multinational corporations, rather than public sources, such as the World Bank or large developed states.

true

Recent years have seen a shift in global attitudes away from economic liberalism and toward antiglobalization and economic nationalism.

true

In 1999, a Spanish court tried several former leaders of Guatemala for genocide, despite the crimes not being committed in Spain and not being committed against Spanish citizens. This is an example of what kind of jurisdiction?

universal, universal jurisdiction is very controversial and has not been used much beyond Spanish borders.

What type of enforcement do domestic laws, such as laws in the United States that prohibit murder or theft, use?

vertical

The International Court of Justice provides legal judgements about whether states have violated international law. This is an example of - enforcement. Another way of enforcing laws is through - enforcement; for example, when states placed economic sanctions on South Africa in the 1980s to try to end apartheid.

vertical, horizontal

Which of the following are Bretton Woods institutions?

GATT/World Trade Organization International Monetary Fund World Bank

Why, even at its most basic level, is cooperation in international relations difficult to achieve?

The international system is anarchic