PSCH14

criminal

In __________ cases, the government is always the plaintiff.

Marbury v. Madison

Judicial review was established in the case of

a court's area of authority

Jurisdiction refers to

an interest group

Who is most likely to submit an amicus curiae brief?

the Supreme Court's original jurisdiction.

Congress may change all of the following except

higher

The burden of proof is __________ in criminal cases than in civil cases.

plea bargain

A negotiated agreement in a criminal case in which a defendant agrees to tell the court that he or she is guilty in return for the state's agreement to reduce the severity of the criminal charge or prison sentence the defendant is facing is known as a

class-action suit

A(n) __________ is a legal action by which a group of individuals with common interests can file a suit on behalf of everyone who shares that interest.

the president

After the Court ruled on Brown v. Board of Education, who enforced the controversial decision?

hear appeals from lower courts.

Appellate jurisdiction refers to the Court's power to

judicial review

As the power of __________has evolved, it has become a central part of the system of checks and balances.

standing

At the outset of a case, judges determine whether the person filing the case has a legitimate basis for bringing it; this is called

defendant

Bilbo is arrested for theft. He is charged by the courts and the case goes to trial. In this example, Bilbo is the

nonpartisan elections

Fears about the courts' role as a protector of minority rights are most likely under which judicial selection system?

The Supreme Court hears fewer cases now than it did 40 years ago.

How has the Supreme Court's case load changed over time?

plea bargain

If a plaintiff and defendant settle a case before it goes to trial or a verdict is reached, this is called a

activism

In Lawrence v. Texas the Supreme Court struck down a law banning sodomy in Texas. This is an example of judicial __________.

preponderance of the evidence

In a civil case, what standard of proof is necessary to establish guilt?

original

The Constitution gives the Supreme Court __________ jurisdiction in cases involving foreign ambassadors and issues in which a state is a party.

created a system of federal courts

The Judiciary Act of 1789

Marbury v. Madison.

The Supreme Court's power of judicial review was established

judicial restraint

The __________ approach to deciding Supreme Court cases says that justices should attempt to defer to the elected branches of government and not contradict their actions.

applies only to criminal law

The doctrine of stare decisis

prior cases whose principles are used by judges as the basis for their decision in a present case

What are legal precedents?

the legitimate justification for bringing a civil case to court

What does the term standing refer to?

a civil lawsuit brought by a group of individuals

What is a class action lawsuit?

judicial review

When the Supreme Court strikes down a congressional or state law, it engages in

writ of certiorari

Which of the following is the most common path that a case takes to get to the Supreme Court?

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Which president threatened to pack the Court with justices who would support his policies?

Judiciary Act of 1789

Basic details about the federal court system, such as the creation of district courts and the size of the Supreme Court, are found in what document?

majority opinion, concurring opinion

Choose all of the following opinions that might be written by someone on the winning side of a Supreme Court case.

If the Chief Justice is in the majority, he or she assigns the person who writes the majority opinion. , If the Chief Justice is not in the majority, the most senior member of the Court in the majority assigns the majority opinion.

Choose all of the following statements about opinion writing that are true