Psy 249 Chapters 1-10
Hippocrates believed that treatment for mental disorders should involve: a. releasing evil spirits trapped in the brain b. bringing the four body humors back into balance c. punishing the body for its sins d. bloodletting
b. bringing the four body humors back into balance
The model of abnormality that examines the effects of society and culture is the: a. behavioral model b. sociocultural model c. psychodynamic model d. humanistic-existential model
b. sociocultural model
Hippocrates's model of mental illness can be described as: a. psychiatric b. somatogenic c. psychogenic d. supernatural
b. somatogenic
Which is a component of the legacy of Dorothea Dix? a. deinstitutionalization b. state hospitals c. federal prisons d. privatization of mental hospitals
b. state hospitals
The peak age range for the development of anorexia nervosa is a. 7 to 10 b. 10 to 13 c. 14 to 30 d. 20 to 25
c. 14 to 30
A full time college student has just become a college dropout. The chances that alcohol was a factor in the dropout is about: a. 42 percent b. 37 percent c. 28 percent d. 12 percent
c. 28 percent
Approximately _____ percent of Americans would NOT tell their employer if they were seeking mental health care treatment. a. 32 b. 84 c. 67 d. 14
c. 67
Hippocrates thought that abnormal behavior resulted from an imbalance in the four humors, one of which was: a. water b. lymph gland fluid c. phlegm c. cerebrospinal fluid
c. phlegm
_____ people feel they are living with extreme stress a. 33% b. 48% c. 52% d 54%
a. 33%
Which statement regarding suicide is true? a. American Indians have the highest suicide rate of any racial group in the United States b. the suicide rate for white in the United States is the same as that for African Americans c. married people are more likely to commit suicide than adults who are single d. men are more likely to attempt suicide than women
a. American Indians have the highest suicide rate of any racial group in the United States
Studies show that less that 10 percent of individuals who experience major losses become depressed. This finding provides what level of support for a psychodynamic explanation of depression? a. almost none - about 10 percent of adults in the United States experience some level of clinical depression each year b. Some - about 5 percent of adults in the United States experience some level of clinical depression each year c. strong - about 2 percent of adults in the United States experience some level of clinical depression each year d. very strong - only about 1 percent of adults in the United States experience some level of clinical depression each year
a. almost none - about 10 percent of adults in the United States experience some level of clinical depression each year
What is parasuicide? a. an attempt to commit suicide b. a murder followed by a suicide c. a suicide committed on the first try d. a suicide committed after many tries
a. an attempt to commit suicide
"It's obvious that the patient observed friends who had symptoms of illness, then imitated those symptoms to get attention," says the therapist. The therapist MOST likely has which theoretical perspective? a. behavioral b. psychodynamic c. biological d. cognitive
a. behavioral
The model of abnormality that focuses on learning is the: a. behavioral model b. sociocultural model c. psychodynamic model d. humanistic-existential model
a. behavioral model
Bulimia nervosa is always characterized by: a. binges of uncontrollable overeating b. obsessive-compulsive disorder c. fasting and frantic exercise d. being overweight
a. binges of uncontrollable overeating
The scarring of the liver caused by alcohol consumption is known as: a. cirrhosis b. hemorrhaging c. vasoconstriction d. Korsakoff's syndrome
a. cirrhosis
The model of abnormality that concentrates on thinking is the: a. cognitive model b. behavioral model c. sociocultural model d. psychodynamic model
a. cognitive model
Madeline appeared at the clinic complaining of pain in her knee, shoulder, and abdomen, nausea and vomiting, blurred vision, and exhaustion. The patient history revealed that she had been going to clinics for years trying to get treatment for these complaints and a host of other physical symptoms. The diagnostic consensus was that Madeline suffered from: a. conversion disorder b. somatic symptom disorder c. factitious disorder d. body dysmorphic disorder
a. conversion disorder
Which statement is true about specific phobias? a. each year about 12 percent of people in the United Sates suffer from a phobia b. men are more likely than women to have phobias c. there do not appear to be racial differences in the incidence of phobias d. most people with phobias seek treatment
a. each year about 12 percent of people in the United Sates suffer from a phobia
A researcher spends 15 or more hours per day conducting experiments or doing library reading and records observation on color-coded index cars. This person lives alone in the country but doesn't interfere with others' lives. The BEST description of the researcher's behavior is that it is: a. eccentric b. abnormal c. dangerous d. dysfunctional
a. eccentric
Which is an example of a specific social anxiety? a. fear of public speaking b. fear of snakes c. fear of tornados when a tornado warning is in effect d. fear of generally functioning poorly in front of others
a. fear of public speaking
Dissociative fugues usually: a. follow a stressful event b. end very gradually c. have numerous recurrences d. involve irrecoverable memory loss
a. follow a stressful event
Compared to projective tests, personality inventories generally have: a. greater reliability and greater validity b. greater reliability and poorer validity c. poorer reliability and greater validity d poorer reliability and poorer validity
a. greater reliability and greater validity
abnormal chemical activity in the body's endocrine system relates to the release of: a. hormones b. neurotransmitters c. neurons d. genes
a. hormones
Generalized anxiety disorder is MORE common: a. in African American than in white Americans b. in men than in women c. years after traumatic events, rather than immediately after those events d. in wealthy people the in poor people
a. in African American than in white Americans
If a clinician is particularly interested in a client's family medical history, that clinician's orientation is MOST likely: a. behavioral b. biological c. sociocultural d. cognitive
b. biological
Which of the following is typical of posttraumatic stress disorder? a. increased arousal, negative emotions, and guilt b. inability to remember the event that led to the stress c. increased responsiveness and emotion right after the event d. a tendency to want to go back to see the site of the stress
a. increased arousal, negative emotions, and guilt
Which is an example of malingering? a. intentionally faking a back problem to avoid military service b. intentionally faking an illness because one like being patient c. experiencing chest pains in response to intense stress d. enjoying unnecessary medical tests
a. intentionally faking a back problem to avoid military service
Dissociative disorders: a. involve major changes in memory b. usually have a precise physical cause c. are a type of anxiety disorder d. must involve the presence of multiple personalities
a. involve major changes in memory
Behaviorists believe that compulsive behavior: a. is reinforced because engaging in it reduces anxiety b. originally is associated with an increase in anxiety c. is logically rather than randomly connected to fearful situations d. is exhibited by everyone
a. is reinforced because engaging in it reduces anxiety
Which is a motivational symptom of depression? a. lack of desire to eat b. a negative view of oneself c. experiences of sadness and anger d. staying in bed for hours during the day
a. lack of desire to eat
_____ is a set of interview questions and observations designed to reveal the degree and nature of a client's abnormal functioning. a. mental status exam b. clinical test c. projective test d. personality inventory
a. mental status exam
Davon watched his father recoil from a snake in fear. Now he is afraid of snakes. This apparent acquisition of fear of snakes is an example of: a. modeling b. response discrimination c. escape response d. stimulus generalization
a. modeling
All the opioid drugs are known collectively as: a. narcotics b. endorphins c. depressants d. hallucinogens
a. narcotics
Cognitive theorists explain depression in terms of a person's: a. negative interpretation of events b. symbolic losses c. decrease in positive activities d. ethnic background
a. negative interpretation of events
_____ is a pop psychology term for the rush of fear that people have when they realize that they have misplaced or lost their cell phone, disconnecting them from the world a. nomophobia b. online disinhibition effect c. phoneorexia d. disconnected effect
a. nomophobia
A heroin overdoes is likely to occur when: a. on has been without heroin for a period of time and then take one's usual dose b. one consistently takes the same dose of heroin c. on gradually, but consistently, takes larger doses or heroin d. one has been without heroin for a period of time and then takes a lower than usual dose
a. on has been without heroin for a period of time and then take one's usual dose
Which is a depressant a. opioids b. cocaine c. LSD d. amphetamines
a. opioids
According to Freud's psychodynamic theory, at birth the child is in the: a. oral stage b. anal stage c. phallic stage d. latency stage
a. oral stage
People suffering from anorexia nervosa tend to: a. overestimate their body size b. underestimate their body size c. correctly estimate their body size d. vary in accuracy in estimating their body size
a. overestimate their body size
Which pair of words BEST describes the current emphasis in mental health? a. prevention and positive psychology b. promotion and public psychology c. perfection and primary psychology d. people and professional psychology
a. prevention and positive psychology
If a university had a first-year program designed t ease the transition from high school to college and to decrease the dropout rates, that program would have elements MOST similar to: a. prevention programs b. positive psychology programs c. deinstitutionalization programs
a. prevention programs
Which model is MOST likely to predict that transference will occur during therapy? a. psychodynamic b. cognitive c. humanistic-existential d. behavioral
a. psychodynamiic
A torture victim who is subjected to threats of death, mock executions, and degradation is experiencing what type of torture? a. psychological b. physical c. deprivation d. sexual
a. psychological
Cocaine and amphetamines produce: a. similar behavioral effects and similar emotional effects b. similar behavioral effects but different emotional effects c. different behavioral effects but similar emotional effects d. different behavioral effects and different emotional effects
a. similar behavioral effects and similar emotional effects
A cluster of symptoms that go together and fine a mental disorder is called a: a. syndrome b. classification system c. DSM axis d. treatment approach
a. syndrome
Approximately 45 million Americans suffer from: a. tension headaches b. migraine headaches c. chronic headaches d. hypertension headaches
a. tension headaches
The "weight set point" is: a. the weight a person is predisposed to maintain b. the body's natural weight c. the ideal weight that a person desires to achieve d. the average weight for people of the same height
a. the weight a person is predisposed to maintain
About how many suicides are committed annually in the Unite States a. 15,000 b. 38,000 c. 120,000 d. 700,000
b. 38,000
Today about _____ make up the daily patient population in mental health hospitals. a. 10,000 b. 40,000 c. 250,000 d. 600,000
b. 40,000
Studies show that eccentric individual are more likely than those with mental disorders to say: a. I feel like my behavior has been thrust on me b. I'm different and I like it c. I am in a lot of pain and I suffer a great deal d. I wish I were not so "unique"
b. I'm different and I like it
Which test is a personality inventory? a. draw-a-person b. MMPI-2 c. Rorschach d. Thematic Apperzeption Test
b. MMPI-2
Which depressed person would be the LEAST likely to be diagnosed with a mental disorder, because of specific circumstances? a. someone whose mother was depressed b. somebody whose community was destroyed by a tornado c. someone who was experiencing a chemical brain imbalance d. someone who was also an alcoholic
b. Someone whose community was destroyed by a tornado
Which is an example of a case study? a. a study involving use of a control group b. long-term study of a single clinical client c. a study of all the cases of a disorder in a community d. the creation of a disorder in a group of lab rats
b. a long-term study of a single clinical client
A psychologist focuses on optimism, wisdom, happiness, and interpersonal skill. The psychologist is MOST likely: a. a pcychoanalyst b. a positive psychologist c. a community mental health worker d. a rehabilitation specialist
b. a positive psychologist
Conversion disorders most often first appear in: a. childhood b. adolescence c. middle adulthood d. late adulthood
b. adolescence
In the MOST common type of dissociative amnesia, a person loses memory for: a. some but not all the events surrounding the trauma b. all events beginning with the trauma but within a limited period of time c. all events from the trauma onward d. all events before and after the trauma
b. all events beginning with the trauma but within a limited period of time
Worldwide, 235 million people suffer from: a. insomnia b. asthma c. muscle contractions d. migraine headaches
b. asthma
A man eats chips and dips and burgers and fries, and drinks a couple of shakes. Afterward, he goes to the gym and does 90 minutes of aerobics, spends an hour on the stair stepper, and then does weights for another hour. He also does not eat for 72 hours. The set of assumptions underlying his behavior would lead to a diagnosis of: a. binge-eating disorder b. bulimia nervosa c. anorexia nervosa d. eating disorder not otherwise specified
b. bulimia nervosa
In the early asylums, treatment for mental illness began with the intention to provide: a. harsh treatments b. care and treatment c. religious therapies d. psychogenic therapy
b. care and treatment
Juan is currently experiencing a period of sadness that has resulted in almost total immobility. He sits in a chair all day and almost never moves. His wife has to assist him in getting into bed at night. What type of major depression would he most likely be diagnosed with? a. seasonal b. catatonic c. recurrent d. melancholic
b. catatonic
_____ is a device for gathering information about a few aspects of a person's psychological functioning from which broader information about the person can be inferred. a. mental status exam b. clinical test c. projective test d. personality inventory
b. clinical test
The group of hormones that appear to be MOST involved in arousal and the fear reaction are the: a. prolactins b. corticosteroids c. adrenalaltoids d. beta-blockers
b. corticosteroids
The MOST legitimate criticism of intelligence tests concerns their: a. validity b. cultural fairness c. reliability d. standardization
b. cultural fairness
Munchausen syndrome is a: a. somatoform disorder b. factitious disorder c. psychophysical disorder d. conversion disorder
b. factitious disorder
Altruistic suicide is MOST likely to occur in a country that: a. is experiencing great upheaval, disruption of values, and immigration b. honors those who killed themselves for a higher good c. has a number of ethnic minorities who are very religious d. has a high level of substance abuse
b. honors those who killed themselves for a higher good
A study included 60 people suffering from an ordinary headache. Twenty received aspirin, 20 received a sugar pill that looked like aspirin, and 20 go nothing at all. In 65 percent of the aspirin group, the headache disappeared. In the other two groups the "cure" rates were 35 and 5 percent, respectively. Other than the drug condition, the participants were treated identically. This study: a. demonstrates a double-blind design b. is an experimental study c. contain an important confound d. has three dependent variables
b. is an experimental study
Projective tests for personality assessment are designed to: a. perform a functional analysis of the client b. learn about unconscious conflicts in the client c. obtain detailed information about specific dysfunctional behaviors d. obtain detailed information about specific dysfunctional cognitions
b. learn about unconscious conflicts in the client
Which is NOT put one at higher risk for suicide? a. experiencing mood and though changes b. learning about suicide in abnormal psychology c. having an alcohol abuse problem d. experiencing uncontrollable and repeated stressful events
b. learning about suicide in abnormal psychology
If a therapist thought that eating disorders were BEST explained by an interaction of sociocultural, psychological, and biological factors, that therapist would be takin a(n) _____ perspective a. monodimensional b. multidimensional c. cognitive-behavioral d. outdated
b. multidimensional
In modeling, the client: a. confronts the feared object directly b. observes the therapist confronting the feared abject c. imagines the therapist confronting the feared object d. imagines himself
b. observes the therapist confronting the feared abject
You blame your poor performance on a test that you didn't study for on all the other work you had to do. The defense mechanism that BEST explains you behavior is: a. denial b. rationalization c. intellectualization d. sublimation
b. rationalization
A therapist treating an individual with a conversion disorder works to reduce pleasurable outcomes associated with being sick, while increasing pleasurable outcomes associated with being well. This technique is called: a. confrontation b. reinforcement c. suggestion d. posthypnotic suggestion
b. reinforcement
The first step in systematic desensitization is: a. role playing b. relaxation training c. construction of a fear hierarchy d. graded pairings with the phobic object
b. relaxation training
Freud beloved that "hysterical" symptoms: a. were rooted in the oral stage b. represented a conversion on unacceptable sexual feelings into physical symptoms c. were medical problems that needed medical, not psychological treatment d. were more common in men than women
b. represented a conversion on unacceptable sexual feelings into physical symptoms
According to DSM-5, one must demonstrate symptoms of edginess, sleep changes, distress, and excessive worry for _____ to be diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder a. two months b. six months c. four months d. five months
b. six months
Wes has a drink in the morning upon rising. He has a cocktail with breakfast. He usually sneaks a snort during the morning ("just to get through the day") and then drinks during his lunch. When he leaves work, he goes to a singles bar and immediately has a drink to ease his nerves about approaching the women there. Later, at home, he generally has a small dinner and then sits in front of the TV watching sports and drinking beer (as many as 12 cans). Somehow he manages to get up and go to work the next morning. Wes is displaying: a. withdrawal b. substance use disorder c. hallucinosis d, delirium tremens
b. substance use disorder
what we would call "conscience" is MOST like what Freud would call the: a. defense mechanism b. superego c. ego d. erogenous zone
b. superego
Intoxication is actually a form of: a. tolerance b. temporary change c. hallucination d. substance dependence
b. temporary change
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (presently DSM-5) was developed by: a. the American Psychoanalytic Association b. the American Psychiatric Association c. the American Psychological Association d. the American Phrenological Association
b. the American Psychiatric Association
According to psychoanalysis, which statement is true of psychological conflicts? a. they are always sexual in nature b. they are tied to experience early in life c. they are only a problem when they reach consciousness d. they are unconscious, and therefore not a factor in conscious experience
b. they are tied to experiences early in life
Lady Gaga and other eccentrics are usually not considered to be experiencing a mental illness because: a. they are not deviant b. they freely choose and enjoy their behavior c. they are only dangerous to others, not to themselves d. while they are distressed by their behavior, others are not
b. they freely choose and enjoy their behavior
In many areas in the 1500s, asylums such as Bethlehem Hospital in London became: a. shrines b. tours attractions c. sheltered workshops d. centers of moral treatment
b. tourist attractions
People experiencing mania: a. are acutely aware of their domineering, excessive behaviors b. want excitement and companionship c. enthusiastically long for new friends but ignore old friends d. enthusiastically look for old friends but ignore new friends
b. want excitement and companionship
"The therapist wants me to imagine scenes where I was in combat and imagine them like I was there. I don't want to do that! How can this possibly help me?" Which is the BEST answer you can give to a combat veteran who says this? a. "That really can't help you, The best thing to do is suppress your fear, control it" b. "Your therapist is suggesting something called 'virtual exposure,' but no one knowns if it helps." c. "your therapist is suggesting an effective form of exposure called 'flooding.'" d. "You should try drug therapy"
c. "your therapist is suggesting an effective form of exposure called 'flooding.'"
Who brought the reforms of moral therapy to northern England? a. John Dix b. Joseph Gall c. William Tuke d. Benjamin Rush
c. William Tuke
Which is not a characteristic of anorexia nervosa? a. body weight is significantly lower than normal for age and gender b. fear of becoming overweight c. a view that one is currently unattractively thin d. loss of menstrual periods
c. a view that one is currently unattractively thin
The phobia most often associated with panic disorder is: a. claustrophobia b. acrophobia c. agoraphobia d. metrophobia
c. agoraphobia
The people MOST likely to develop stress disorders are: a. anxious, and think they can control negative things that happen to them b. not anxious, and think they can control negative things that happen to them c. anxious, and think they cannot control negative things that happen to them d. not anxious, and think they cannot control negative things that happen to them
c. anxious, and think they cannot control negative things that happen to them
People who are overweight an regularly binge eat without compensatory behaviors may be experiencing: a. binge-purge disorder b. anorexia-bulimia disorder c. binge-eating disorder d. non compensatory binge disorder
c. binge-eating disorder
When he was 5 years old, Samir was almost struck by lightning while walking through a forest during a rainstorm. Today, he is extremely afraid of trees. A behaviorist would say that he has acquired this fear by: a. operant conditioning b. modeling and imitation c. classical conditioning d. stimulus generalization
c. classical conditioning
"Everyone has intrusive and unwanted thoughts. Most people ignore them. But some people blame themselves and expect terrible consequences, so they act in ways they hope will neutralize the thoughts." The type of theorist most likely to agree with this quote would be a: a. psychodynamic theorist b. behaviorist c. cognitive theorist d. biologist
c. cognitive theorist
A 35-year-old woman hobbles into the office of a physician complaining of a debilitating illness that has robbed her of the use of her left leg and right arm. The physician finds no physical basis for her symptoms. She appears totally unaware that the cause of her symptoms may be psychological. The diagnosis would be: a. malingering b. factitious disorder c. conversion disorder d. preoccupation disorder
c. conversion disorder
A person who is suicidal and can see no reason for living BEST fits which definition of abnormality? a. deviance b. distress c. danger d. dysfunction
c. danger
A patient's initial reaction to being told she has a sexually transmitted disease is to insist that the nurse made a mistake with the test. The defense mechanism that BEST explains this behavior: a. regression b. sublimation c. denial d. rationalization
c. denial
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is used MOST often in the treatment of: a. schizophrenia b. anxiety disorder c. depression d. bipolar disorder
c. depression
Behavior that violates legal norms is: a. deviant and criminal b. distressful and criminal c. deviant and psychopathological d. distressful and psychopathological
c. deviant and criminal
An individual has 9-to-5 job. However, this person seldom gets up early enough to be at work on time and expresses great distress over this behavior. This individual's behavior would be considered abnormal because it is: a. disturbed b. deviant c. dysfunctional d. dangerous
c. dysfunctional
A student who dreads being called on in class, and in fact panics at the thought of public speaking, is experiencing a(n) _____ response to stress. a. physical b. cognitive c. emotional d. developmental
c. emotional
therapies that have received clear research support are called: a. meta-analyses b. idiographic c. evidence-based d. outcome complex
c. evidence-based
if a person experiences anxiety or depression following a significant natural disaster, we would say that the person was: a. suffering from a mental illness b. deviant but not dangerous c. exhibiting a typical reaction d. statistically deviant
c. exhibiting a typical reaction
Which would be an emotional symptom of depression? a. lack of desire to eat b. a negative view of oneself c. experiences of sadness and anger d. staying in bed for hours during the day
c. experiences of sadness and anger
Agoraphobia is the fear of: a. flying b. speaking c. going to public places d. spiders
c. going to public places
The early psychogenic treatment that was studied by Josef Breuer and Sigmund Freud was: a. prayer b. bleeding c. hypnotism d. trephining
c. hypnotism
When dealing with a new client, the clinical practitioner's major focus is to gather what type of information? a. diagnostic b. nomothetic c. idiographic d. dispassionate
c. idiographic
A panel of psychologists and psychiatrists evaluates the test results and clinical interviews of a client in a sanity hearing. They all arrive at the same diagnosis. The panel has high: a. internal validity b. predictive validity c. interrater reliability d. test-retest reliability
c. interrater reliability
Depression has been linked to which neurotransmitter abnormality? a. low activity of GABA b. absence of dopamine c. low activity of serotonin d. excessive activity of norepinephrine
c. low activity of serotonin
In science, the perspective used to explain phenomena are known as: a. facts b. theories c. paradigms d. hypotheses
c. paradigms
Since immediately after the birth of her son, Maria has experienced a period of sadness that interferes with her ability to take care of him. She has never felt this way before, but this has been going on for several weeks. With what type of major depression would she MOST likely be diagnosed? a. seasonal b. catatonic c. postpartum d. melancholic
c. postpartum
A medical researcher develops a drug that decreases symptoms of depression and other "mood" disorders. The general term for this type of drug is: a. psychogenic b. somatogenic c. psychotropic d. somatotropic
c. psychotropic
Depersonalization _____, while derealization _____. a. is an anxiety disorder, is a thought disorder b. is induced by street drugs; is naturally occurring c. refers to oneself; refers to the external world d. involves multiple personalities; involves only one personality
c. refers to oneself; refers to the external world
According to Freudian theory, depression results in part from: a. learned helplessness b. irrational expectations c. regression to the oral stage d. learned anxiety turned inward
c. regression to the oral stage
Psychodynamic theorists believe that dissociative amnesias and fugues result from: a. projection b. regression c. repression d. sublimation
c. repression
One who systematically gathers information in order to describe, predict, and explain abnormality is a clinical: a. mentalist b. legalist c. scientist d. practitioner
c. scientist
Barbiturates were first prescribed to help people: a. diet b. deal with the stresses of war c. sleep d. deal with pain
c. sleep
A(n) _____ inventory asks about how one would act with others in a variety of situations a. cognitive b. affective c. social skills d. functional
c. social skills
Which patient would be MOST likely to benefit from psychoanalytic treatment? a. person who needs to make profound behavioral changes very quickly b. a person who has difficulty expressing ideas and feelings verbally c. someone who is insightful and thinks clearly d. someone who is severely disturbed and in a mental hospital
c. someone who is insightful and thinks clearly
A person who copes well with a happy event in life is showing a positive: a. stress b. stressor c. stress response d. stress model
c. stress response
According tp Freud's psychodynamic theory, the part of the personality that is the conscience is the: a. id b. ego c. superego d. ego ideal
c. superego
Clinical interviews are the preferred assessment technique of many practitioners. One particular strength of the interview process is: a. validity b. the reliability of the technique c. the chance to get a general sense of the client d. that it asks only open-ended questions
c. the chance to get a general sense of the client
What is libido? a. a primary defense mechanism b. the source of pleasure c. the sexual energy of the id d. the sum of the id's instinctual needs
c. the sexual energy of the id
Which statement is NOT true regarding gender and suicide? a. women attempt suicide more often than men b. meant tend to use more lethal means to commit suicide than women c. women succeed at committing suicide more often than do men d. men are more likely to commit suicide when they are elderly than when they are younger
c. women succeed at committing suicide more often than do men
A person asks, "What's the MOST effective treatment for social anxiety disorder?" The BEST research-based answer is: a. "antidepressant medication eliminates symptoms faster, and for at least as long, as the best psychotherapy." b. "antianxiety medication eliminates symptoms faster than the best psychotherapy." c. "The best psychotherapy eliminates symptoms as fast, but not as long, as the best drug therapy." d. "The best psychotherapy eliminates symptoms as fast, and longer, than the best drug therapy."
d. "The best psychotherapy eliminates symptoms as fast, and longer, than the best drug therapy."
The DSM-5 lists over _____ mental disorders a. 100 b. 200 c. 300 d. 500
d. 500
Who brought the reforms of moral therapy to the United States? a. John Dix B. Joseph Gall C. William Tuke D. Benjamin Rush
d. Benjamin Rush
Who is the one MOST likely to commit suicide? a. a 10-year-old with high serotonin activity b. a 10-year-old with low serotonin activity c. a 40-year-old with high serotonin activity d. a 40-year-old with low serotonin activity
d. a 40-year-old with low serotonin activity
Which is the BEST example of adjunctive therapy? a. a patient is taking a mood stabilizer along with an SSRI b. the child of someone with unipolar depression is given a vaccine against depression (if such a vaccine existed) c. both members of a couple are being treated for depression d. a patient is receiving both therapy and interpersonal therapy with his or her family
d. a patient is receiving both therapy and interpersonal therapy with his or her family
What is the primary difference between a common fear and a phobia? a. a fear more dramatically interferes with one's life b. a phobia is less intense c. a fear lasts longer d. a phobia leads to a greater desire to avoid the object
d. a phobia leads to a greater desire to avoid the object
Which is NOT considered a research method? a. the case study b. a correlation c. an experiment d. a treatment plan for an individual
d. a treatment plan for an individual
Drugs designed to decrease extremely confused and distorted thinking are termed: a. antidepressant b. antianxiety c. mood stabilizers d. antipsychotic
d. antipsychotic
People who binge: a. like to eat high-protein foods such as steak and nuts b. feel powerful before the binge c. are usually calm and rational just before and then during a binge d. can consume up to 10,000 calories or more during a binge
d. can consume up to 10,000 calories or more during a binge
According to psychoanalysts, if a patient relives past repressed feelings, that patient is said to have experience: a. repression b. transference c. resistance d. catharsis
d. catharsis
The MOST often in charge of treating abnormality in the Middle Ages in Europe were: a. physicians b. nobility c. peasants d. clergy
d. clergy
A Secret Service agent steps in front of the president of the United States, prepared to be killed or injured if the president's safety is threatened. Psychologically speaking, the Secret Service agent's behavior is: a. distressing and psychologically abnormal b. function and not psychologically abnormal c. dysfunctional and psychologically abnormal d. dangerous but not psychologically abnormal
d. dangerous but not psychologically
Which is NOT a way that case studies are useful? a. studying unusual problems b. learning a great deal about a particular patient c. suggesting new areas for further study d. determining general laws of behavior
d. determining general laws of behavior
Retrospective analysis involves: a. interviewing those thought to be at high risk for suicide b. developing a suicide profile, especially for mental patients and prisoners c. studying people who survive suicide attempts d. gathering information about a suicide's victim's past
d. gathering information about a suicide's victim's past
"Phobic and generalized anxiety disorders arise when people stop looking at themselves honestly and with acceptance and instead deny and distort their true thoughts, emotions, and behavior." This explanation for anxiety disorders would MOST likely be offered by: a. behaviorists b. cognitive theorists c. sociocultural theorists d. humanistic theorists
d. humanistic theorists
According to Edwin Shneidman, people who commit suicide with clarity and commitment, yet who believe that they are simply facilitating a process that is already under way, are called death: a. darers b. seekers c. ignorers d. initiators
d. initiators
Using "the four Ds" to define abnormal behavior a. allows us to create diagnoses that are clear-cut and not debatable b. allows us to eliminate those who are merely eccentric c. allows us to include those who experience no distress d. is still often vague and subjective
d. is still often vague and subjective
An older person retires and begins experiencing health problems. Consequently, the person loses contact with old friends and becomes unpleasant to be around. A behaviorist would explain the resulting depression in terms of: a. learned helplessness b. object relations loss c. sociocultural changes d. loss of positive social rewards
d. loss of positive social rewards
Which is an anxiety disorder? a. schizophrenia b. bipolar disorder c. major depression d. obsessive-compulsive disorder
d. obsessive compulsive disorder
A student who turns pale and feels nauseated when called on to speak in class is experiencing a(n) _____ response to stress a. emotional b. cognitive c. developmental d. physical
d. physical
The model of abnormality that focuses on unconscious internal processes and conflicts in behavior is the: a. cognitive model b. behavioral model c. sociocultural model d. psychodynamic model
d. psychodynamic model
Another term for developing common standard, or norms, for an assessment tool is: a. reliability b. face validity c. predictive validity d. standardization
d. standardization
Which is a behavioral symptom of depression? a. lack of desire to eat b. a negative view of oneself c. experiences of sadness and anger d. staying in bed for hours during the day
d. staying in bed for hours during the day
In the Middle Ages, which model of mental illness did MOST people believe in? a. the moral model b. the medical model c. the psychogenic model d. the demonology model
d. the demonology model
A modern explanation of why many people with anorexia nervosa continually have food-related thoughts and dreams is that: a. in order to avoid eating b. that they fulfill basic needs of the id c. they are the cause of food deprivation d. they are the result of food deprivation
d. they are the result of food deprivation
Which of the following is NOT a reason why companies use social networking sites to help screen job candidates? a. to see whether candidates present themselves professionally b. to see if candidates are good fits for the company's culture c. to see if candidates are qualified d. to see if candidates are involved within their community
d. to see if candidates are involved within their community
Which of the following is NOT a top stressor in the United States? a. job pressure b. money c. health d. transportation
d. transportation
To receive a diagnosis of dysthymic disorder, an individual must have experienced symptoms for at least: a. to weeks b. two months c. one year d. two years
d. two years
