PSY 305 Chapter 6

The primacy effect is attributed to

recall of information stored in LTM.

When cleaning her closet, Nadia finds her 20-year-old wedding photo album. As she flips through the pictures, she starts to cry joyful tears. Seeing the photos and rekindling the emotions of her wedding day most likely activated her

Amygdala

You have been studying for weeks for a nursing school entrance exam. You love the idea of becoming a nurse, and you have been enjoying learning about the material for your exam. Each night, you put on relaxing clothes and study in the quiet of your lovely home. Memory research suggests you should take your test with a _____ mind set.

Calm

Which task below would most likely be used to test for implicit memory?

Completing a word for which the first and last letter have been supplied.

The recency effect occurs when participants are asked to recall a list of words. One way to get rid of the recency effect is to

Counting backward for 30 seconds before recall

How would you describe the relationship between elaborative rehearsal and maintenance rehearsal in terms of establishing long-term memories?

Elaborative is more effective than maintenance

According to Tulving's PET scan research, episodic memory retrieval seems to involved above-average neural activity in which area of the brain?

Frontal lobes

Students, beware! Research shows that _____ does not improve reading comprehension because it does not encourage elaborative processing of the material.

Highlighting

You learn to cross-country ski. With several repetitions, you are skiing without effort or awareness of the mechanics involved in your movements. What type of imlicit memory does this example demonstrate?

Procedural memory

This multiple choice question is an example of a ____ test.

Recognition

Elaborative rehearsal of a word will LEAST likely be accomplished by

Repeating it over and over

Loss of memory for things that have happened in the past is known as

Retrograde amnesia

The following statement represents what kind of memory? "The Beatles stopped making music together as a group in the early 1970s."

Semantic

What form does long-term memory favor?

Semantic

Which of the following is NOT an example of an implicit memory?

Semantic memory

According to memory research, studying is most effective if study sessions are

Short and across several days

The case of patient H.M. illustrates that ____ is important for the formation of LTMs.

The hippocampus

According to the levels of processing theory, the strength of memory depends on how information is

encoded

People often report an annoying memory failure where they walk from one end of the house to the other for something, and when they get to their destination, they forget what they went to retrieve. As soon as they return to the first room, they are reminded of what they wanted in the first place. This common experience best illustrates the principle of

encoding specificity.

"I remember going to the Dining Center at SNHU during my first day on campus." This statement is an example of _____ memory.

episodic

By definition, we are aware of _____ memories.

explicit

_____ tests are to implicit memory as _____ tests are to explicit memory.

indirect; direct

K.C., who was injured in a motorcycle accident, remembers facts like the difference between a strike and a spare in bowling, but he is unaware of experiencing things like hearing about the circumstances of his brother's death, which occurred two years before the accident. His memory behavior suggests

intact semantic memory but defective episodic memory.

Shallow processing of a word is encouraged when attention is focused on

the number of vowels in a word.

Imagine yourself walking from your car, bus stop, or dorm to your first class. Your ability to form such a picture in your mind depends on

the visuospatial sketch pad.