PSY 322, "Study it" questions (Ch5, 6, 11)

If Renee were to receive the currently preferred treatment for General Anxiety Disorder (GAD), what treatment would she likely receive? (Ch5) a. Cognitive-behavioral therapy b. Systematic desensitization c. Psychoanalytic psychotherapy d. Humanistic psychotherapy

a. Cognitive-behavioral therapy

With his rules about drinking, including rules against drinking at work and limiting his use of Sunday nights, Scott seems to hope that, under the right circumstances, he can still consume alcohol. What approach to the treatment of alcohol use disorder promotes the idea that alcoholics can, under the right circumstances, learn to limit their drinking? (Ch11) a. Controlled drinking b. Relapse prevention c. Motivational enhancement d. Mindfulness

a. Controlled drinking

Radcliffe was fearful that a tabloid photographer would catch him displaying which category of substance use disorder symptoms? (Ch11) a. Intoxication b. Withdrawal c. Dependence d. Tolerance

a. Intoxication -It comprises behavioral or psychological changes, such as inappropriate or aggressive behavior, etc..

"In all my dreams before my helpless sight, He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning" (Ch6) What symptom cluster do these dreams fit into? a. Intrusion symptoms b. Changes in arousal c. Avoidance d. Negative mood alterations

a. Intrusion symptoms -recurring, unwanted and uncontrolled memories of the traumatic event

Duckworth is committed to understanding why some individuals survive and thrive the following combat while others, in her words, "come home and kill themselves." Research suggests that soldiers who will go on to experience significant post-traumatic stress disorder have which characteristic? (Ch6) a. Minimal fear extinction b. Minimal cortisol secretion c. Low levels of activity in the amygdala d. Low levels of epinephrine

a. Minimal fear extinction

Duckworth has worked intensively to ensure that veterans had access to treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder. One of the treatment approaches used by Veterans Administration mental health professionals involves having veterans confront trauma-related memories, feelings, and situations that they have been avoiding. What approach is this? (Ch6) a. PET b. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) c. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) d. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT)

a. PET

Suppose Goldberg were to seek treatment for her fear of flying. Her therapist teaches her how to deeply relax her muscles and also asks her to create a hierarchy regarding her fear of flying, from least fear-inducing (for example, picking a friend up at the airport) to most fear-inducing (e.g., landing in a plane during a severe thunderstorm). The therapist then pairs the least fear-inducing experiencing the least fear inducing stimulus (perhaps through the therapist describing it or even through a virtual reality experience) with relaxation until the individual is comfortable with it and then gradually works through the hierarchy. What type of therapy is being used? a. Systematic desensitization b. Cognitive restructuring c. Exposure therapy d. Modeling

a. Systematic desensitization -remove the fear response of a phobia, and substitute a relaxation response to the conditional stimulus gradually using counter-conditioning.

In today's world, Dostoevsky might rely on the Internet rather than traveling through Europe for his gambling. What is the consensus of mental health professionals on Internet gaming disorder? (Ch11) a. There really is no consensus at this point, as Internet gaming disorder is a proposed category requiring more study. b. It is distinct from gambling disorder and requires much more intensive treatment. c. It is essentially the same as gambling disorder and should be treated the same as conventional gambling disorder. d. There is no such thing as Internet gaming disorder as individuals are capable of controlling their behavior.

a. There really is no consensus at this point, as Internet gaming disorder is a proposed category requiring more study.

Suppose, in searching for solutions to her migraines, Williams was to receive specialized training in which a sensor was attached to muscles in her forehead and emitted a tone. As she tensed her muscles, the pitch of the tone would increase and as she relaxed them, the pitch would decrease. What sort of training is this? (Ch6) a. CBT b. Biofeedback c. Mindfulness d. EMDR

b. Biofeedback

Walter also tells his doctor that he has been experiencing headaches that cause him excruciating pain and center on his left eye. They only last about an hour at a time, but seem to occur in cycles and sometimes he has several in the course of a day, leaving him exhausted and despondent from the pain. He has attributed these headaches to the pressures of his job, but also has several family members who do not work in law enforcement who have similar headaches. What kind of headache is Walter experiencing? (Ch6) a. Hypnic b. Cluster c. Migraine d. Tension

b. Cluster

What combination of factors that Radcliffe displays are most likely to have increased his risk of pathological patterns of alcohol use? (Ch11) a. His shame and his choice of roles b. His anxiety and his social isolation c. His creativity and his work schedule d. His fame and his talent

b. His anxiety and his social isolation

If Beckham were to undergo brain imaging, which area of his brain would likely to be seen to be overly active? a. The corpus callosum b. The orbitofrontal cortex c. The brain stem d. The occipital lobes

b. The orbitofrontal cortex

People with substance use disorders, like Monteith, have often been using large amounts of substances prior to entering rehab, where they are taken off those substances in a controlled fashion. As a result, when they have successfully completed rehab, they are at risk of overdose should they resume using. Why is this? (Ch11) a. They cannot face life without drugs. b. Their tolerance has decreased. c. Their cravings are not as intense. d. They are unable to experience withdrawal.

b. Their tolerance has decreased.

About half of individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder experience both obsessions and compulsions while the remainder experience one or the other. What does Beckham experience? a. He has an atypical presentation with neither obsessions or compulsions b. Only compulsions c. Both obsessions and compulsions d. Only obsessions

c. Both obsessions and compulsions

Johansson reports that she is able to talk herself out of experiencing a panic attack. The idea is that she can reason her way through the intense physical sensations associated with panic into understanding that those responses do not correspond to the situation and that she is not in grave danger. (Ch5) Which perspective on panic disorder? a. Sociocultural b. Learning c. Cognitive-behavioral d. Biological

c. Cognitive-behavioral

Given his symptoms, what approach to treatment would likely be suggested for Dostoevsky were he seeking treatment today? (Ch11) a. Motivational enhancements b. Mindfulness enhancement c. Cognitive-behavioral therapy d. Relaxation training

c. Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Suppose Dickinson were being treated today and that her therapist, with whom she meets online, instructed her to visualize leaving her house, then to stand at the open door looking out, and eventually to walk outside, however briefly. What type of therapy is being used? a. Cognitive restructuring b. Modeling c. Exposure therapy d. Systematic desensitization

c. Exposure therapy

Lovato reported that they loved cocaine. What effect of cocaine is often so attractive to users? (Ch11) a. It has a dissociative effect b. It increases sociability c. It produces euphoria d. It sharpens visual and auditory perceptions

c. It produces euphoria

Scott describes the desire to drink for the buzz but also describes worries about the consequences of drinking again. Which form of treatment is particularly effective in dealing with this ambivalence? (Ch11) a. A medical approach that emphasized pharmacologic management b. Family systems therapy to help the family help him stay clean and sober c. Motivational enhancement therapy d. Dialectical behavior therapy

c. Motivational enhancement therapy

What term is applied to medical disorders like migraines, which can be worsened by stress? (Ch6) a. Biogenetic b. Biopsychosocial c. Psychophysiological d. Psychosomatic

c. Psychophysiological

Scott describes how he had gotten sober with the help of AA and how, when he stopped going to AA, he resumed drinking. This points to the importance of which aspect of treatment and recovery? (Ch11) a. Detoxification b. Withdrawal mitigation c. Relapse prevention d. Toxicologic verification

c. Relapse prevention

Based on what he has shared in public, Shawn exemplifies which pattern of recovery from the trauma of Katrina? (Ch6) a. Delayed symptoms b. Chronic impairment c. Resilience d. Partial recovery

c. Resilience -the process of adapting well in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats

People with panic disorder appear to have decreased availability of which neurotransmitter? (Ch5) a. Dopamine b. Norepinephrine c. Serotonin d. Acetylcholine

c. Serotonin

The sorts of constant worrying Renee describes may result from reduced activity in which neurotransmitter system? (Ch5) a. Acetylcholine b. Endorphin c. Serotonin d. Dopamine

c. Serotonin

Research suggests that individuals with specific phobias, like Goldberg's fear of flying, have which innate tendency? a. A tendency to be chronically angry b. A tendency to over-intellectualize their lives c. A tendency to deal with difficult situations using humor d. A tendency to have strong emotional responses

d. A tendency to have strong emotional responses

Walter is concerned about getting his blood pressure under control in order to avoid complications of high blood pressure. Chronic hypertension can lead to which of the following which, in turn, increases risk of stroke and heart attack? (Ch6) a. Atheromatic b. Hypercholesterolemia c. Bradycardia d. Arteriosclerosis

d. Arteriosclerosis -The build-up of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on the artery walls.

Many young people who survived Katrina, including the two included here, did not discuss the storm with family or friends in its immediate aftermath, as though it were a forbidden topic. Which symptom cluster does this relate to? (Ch6) a. Intrusion symptoms b. Changes in arousal c. Negative mood alterations d. Avoidance

d. Avoidance

Why is it that combining alcohol and opiates is so dangerous? (Ch11) a. Because, while neither is dangerous on its own, they can be dangerous when taken together. b. Because both tend to intensify cravings for the other, resulting in increased use of both. c. Because alcohol is a stimulant and opiates are a depressant, they counteract each other's effects, causing greater and greater use. d. Because both depress the central nervous system, they can have a synergistic effect.

d. Because both depress the central nervous system, they can have a synergistic effect.

What is the defining characteristic of generalized anxiety disorder? (Ch5) a. Failure in life tasks b. Its persistence c. Its irrationality d. Pathological worrying

d. Pathological worrying

Renee distinguishes between anxiety and panic. How do mental health professionals define panic disorder? (Ch5) a. Persistent, high levels of anxiety and excessive worry over many life circumstances that are difficult to control b. Intrusive, repetitive anxiety-producing thoughts or a strong need to perform acts to reduce anxiety c. A strong, persistent, unwarranted fear d. Repeated experiences of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms that the individual fears will recur

d. Repeated experiences of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms that the individual fears will recur

Scott reports having attended AA meetings. What can be said about Alcoholics Anonymous and similar self-help groups? (Ch11) a. They are generally discouraged by treatment providers, particularly inpatient providers. b. They provide important social support but do little to encourage abstinence. c. They are largely ineffective and may even inadvertently encourage continued use of alcohol. d. They are the most common form of substance use disorder treatment in the U.S.

d. They are the most common form of substance use disorder treatment in the U.S.

Lovato reports that they began using alcohol in an attempt to become more popular and to deal with bullying. Does this fit with what is known about the etiology of substance use disorder? (Ch11) a. Yes, for dealing with the bullying, but no for popularity, since alcohol use decreases popularity in teens. b. No, while adults use substances for those reasons, someone as young as they was would not. c. No, while bullies often use alcohol and other substances, their victims typically do not. d. Yes, both stress and social pressures are known to increase substance use in adolescents.

d. Yes, both stress and social pressures are known to increase substance use in adolescents.