PSY 371 CHAPTER 10
The segment of the US population with the lowest prevalence of alcoholism is:
Asian American males and females
In the US, which group is more likely than other ethnic or cultural groups to display substance use disorders?
Native Americans
Which is an accurate statement about the effects of marijuana?
it causes lower sperm count in some men
Drugs that attach to endorphin receptors sites and make it impossible for opioids to have their usual effect are known as:
narcotic antagonists
Which substance is considered as addictive as heroin?
nicotine
Which type of drug is not known to directly stimulate the brains' reward center?
opiods
Methadone is a(n):
opioid
What is the greatest danger of cocaine use?
overdose
When alcohol concentration reaches ____ percent of the blood by volume, the individual has reached a state of intoxication.
.09 %
In twin studies it was found that if one member of a pair of identical twins abused alcohol, the other abused it in ____ % of cases.
54%
Approx. what percentage of campus arrests are alcohol related?
83%
In twin studies it was found that if one member of a pair of fraternal twins abused alcohol, the other abused it in ____% of cases.
28%
Cirrhosis of the liver accounts for approx. _____ deaths each year.
29,000
Genetic linkage studies have found an abnormal form of a gene for which type of neurotransmitter receptor?
D2 (dopamine)
Chronic and excessive use of alcohol or benzodiazepines may lower the brain's production of:
GABA
Which two states do not have some form of legalized gambling?
Hawaii & Utah
Which drug has gained a reputation as being the drug of choice for all night techno dance parties?
MDMA
Aversion therapy has been applied in the treatment of _____ use disorder more than any other substance use disorder.
alcohol
Which category of drug is often given to patients in detoxification to reduce severe alcohol withdrawal reactions such as delirium tremens and seizures?
antianxiety drugs
A drug is defined by your text as:
any substance, other than food, that affects our bodies and minds
Which result has not been linked to binge drinking?
armed robbery
Which of the following is often mixed with heroin?
battery acid
Pairing alcohol use with drug induced nausea and vomiting is an example of?
behavioral therapy (aversion)
_____ is the world's most widely used stimulant.
caffeine
Which of the following is not a sociocultural explanation for the cause of substance disorders?
children whose needs are not met by parents grow up depending on others for comfort and this may develop into a dependent relationship with a substance
What theory explains how the sight of a hypodermic needle can induce a "high" in one dependent on heroin?
classical conditioning
Which drug increases the activity of the CNS?
cocaine
Relapse prevention training is a form of ____ therapy?
cognitive behavioral
The _____ approach to treating alcohol use disorder teaches clients to keep track of their drinking behavior, apply coping strategies in situations that typically trigger excessive drinking, and plan ahead for risky situations and reactions.
cognitive behavioral
Which drug treatment approach makes incentives ( such as program privileges) dependent on the submission of drug free urine specimens?
contingency management
The withdrawal reaction that begins within three days after drinking stops, consists of terrifying visual hallucinations, and may lead to seizures, strokes, or even death is called:
delirium tremens
_____ is often given to people who are trying to stop consuming alcohol.
disulfiram
Cocaine affects which neurotransmitter system?
dopamine
Regular use of opioids may reduce the brain's production of:
endorphins
Which drug was used as a cough medicine before its addictive properties were known?
heroin
The treatment model advocated by Alcoholics Anonymous is an example of a ____ approach.
sociocultural
A pattern of maladaptive behaviors and reactions brought about by repeated use of a substance, sometimes also including tolerance for the substance and withdrawal reaction is ____.
substance use disorder
When different drugs are in the body at the same time, the combined effect can be greater than each drug taken alone. This is called a ____.
synergistic effect
What ultimately determines the effect of alcohol on a person?
the concentration of ethyl alcohol in the blood
Which activity will have the greatest effect on making an intoxicated person sober?
the passage of time
Behavioral interventions for substance abuse and dependence:
work best in combination with either biological or cognitive approaches