PSY 581 Exam 3

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What is a dermatome?

an area of the skin innervated by a given spinal nerve

A tonotopic map refers to:

an auditory cortex map of sounds

The receptors for taste are like skin cells in that they:

are continuously being replaced

Which of the following is TRUE about taste receptors?

Are located mainly along the outside edge of the tongue

What neurotransmitter is released by axons that carry pain information to the brain?

Substance P

The somatosensory system involves sensation of:

The body and its movements

Which of the following assumptions is necessary for the place theory of pitch perception, but NOT for the frequency theory?

Various auditory neurons respond best to different wavelengths

Each receptor responds to a wide range of stimuli and contributes to the perception of each of them. This type of coding is referred to as:

across-fiber

After eating slty pretzels, the salty potato chips will taste less salty because of:

adaptation

The eighth cranial nerve contains both a ____component and a ____component

auditory;vestibular

According to the frequency theory, the:

basilar membrane vibrates in synchrony with a sound, producing action potentials at the same frequency.

Each spinal nerve has:

both a sensory and a motor component

People with conductive deafness:

can benefit from surrey or hearing aids

Reduced response to one taste after exposure to another is referred to as:

cross-adaptation

Meissner's corpuscles are:

elaborate neuron endings for touch

The fact that the refractory period limits the firing rate of a neuron is problematic for which of the following?

frequency theory

A mild pain stimulus is associated with a release of

glutamate

Which of the two factors determine whether or not there will be a "sound shadow"?

head size and frequency

Itching is primarily the result of:

histamine release

How many kinds of olfactory receptors do we have?

hundreds

Analogous to lateral inhibition, when olfactory receptors are stimulated they:

inhibit the activity of other receptors

The receptors for taste are:

modified skin cells

What does the vestibular system detect?

movement of the head

The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is a set of receptors located:

near, but separate from, the olfactory receptors

What kind of deafness is the result of damage to the cochlea or the hair cells?

nerve

Olfactory receptors carry their message to the:

olfactory bulb

The brain chemicals known as endorphins and enkephalins produce effects similar to which substance?

opiates

The vestibular organ consists of

otolith organs and semicircular canals

Somatosensory information travbels from the thalamus to which area of the cortex?

parietal lobe

In the otolith organs, the otoliths are calcium carbonate particles that:

push against hair cells when moved

Pacinian corpuscles respond best to:

rapid mechanical pressure

Anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen, relieve pain by:

reducing the release of chemicals from damaged tissues

Taste perception in the brain depends on:

relative activity of different taste neurons

Pain receptors of the skin are:

simple, bare neuron endings

Olfaction also plays a subtle role in:

social behavior

What kind of receptors detect pain, warmth, and cold?

somatosensory

The sensory aspect of pain activates the ____cortex, whereas the emotional aspect activates the _____cortex.

somatosensory, cingulate

What are found in papillae

taste buds

To what lobe of the cerebral cortex is auditory information sent

temporal

An acceleration of the head in any plane causes:

the jelly-like substance in one of the semicircular canals to push against hair cells


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