PSY Chapter 5

So many people do not have a good understanding of memory, especially short-term memory. Most individuals have no idea how long short term memory lasts. The duration of short-term memory, without rehearsal, is about:

15-20 seconds

In our notes we discussed how we forget information or lose information during the encoding process. One of the ways we lose information is that the encoded information may not have been entered into storage. We paraphrased this as:

"I had it but I lost it."

We live in an information age in which we have to remember quite a few numbers. Some of these numbers are 9 and 10 digits long. Instead of trying to memorize 1 long continuous string of numbers we break them up into segments. This is especially effective for short-term memory. Phone numbers and Social security numbers are good examples of this. Breaking up long segments of numbers like this is called:

chunk or chunking

Long term memory subdivides into 2 categories of memory. One of these categories was explicit memory. This involves information or knowledge that can be consciously recollected. The other category of memory was information or knowledge that affects behavior or task performance but cannot be consciously recollected. It is sometimes known as muscle or procedural memory. This category of memory is better known as:

implicit memory

There are 2 types of explicit memory; episodic and procedural

False

During the 1800's a young researcher became interested in why we forget information. He developed a study called the "forgetting curve". His work focused on how much information was forgotten after different lengths of time. What was the name of this researcher?

H. Ebbinghaus

According to the serial position effect, our tendency to recall the first items in a list is known as:

Primacy effect

Memory is a 3 step process. One of the first steps is encoding. Encoding can best be defined as:

Process of transforming information into a form that can ve entered into and retained by the memory system.

One very frustrated and at times embarrassing experience is that of being able to access the semantic representation of a word but have a failure to prime the complete phonological representation. What we are describing here is a T-O-T. According to our notes a T-O-T is known as:

Tip-of-Tongue experience

Concerning encoding, visual encoding refers to the processing of images

True