PSY Exam 1 Multiple Choice Quiz Practice
_____ is credited with establishing the first psychological laboratory in Leipzig, Germany.
Wilhelm Wundt
Exposure to very loud sounds can lead to damage of the auditory nerve or hair cells, resulting in__________.
sensorineural deafness
The axon bundle that transmits neural impulses from the organ of Corti to the brain is known as the__________.
auditory nerve
Ray often wakes up at night talking loudly and incoherently. During this time, his heart rate increases, and he recalls vague images of someone pressing on his chest. However, he is never fully awake and returns to sleep. In the context of sleep disorders, Ray is exhibiting symptoms of _____.
sleep terrors
One of the advantages of__________is that by distributing questionnaires and analyzing answers with a computer, psychologists can study many thousands of people at a time.
surveys
Studies show that__________is connected with aggressive behavior in monkeys, cats, and other animals.
the amygdala
Which of the following statements is true of amphetamines?
They provide a euphoric rush when consumed in high doses.
Which of the following is a defining characteristic of biologically oriented psychologists?
They study the role of heredity in behavior and mental processes such as psychological disorders, criminal behavior, and thinking.
Julie's research work requires her to interview a sample of 200 people within two months. She needs to gather data about the sample group's attitude toward certain situations through a questionnaire, but she has limited time to gather the information. Which of the following methods should Julie use to gather the required information?
the survey method
Monozygotic twins are important in the study of the relative influences of nature and nurture because differences between monozygotic twins are the result of nurture.
true
One of the concepts of evolutionary psychology is that not only physical traits but also many patterns of behavior, including social behavior, evolve and can be transmitted genetically from generation to generation.
true
The state of consciousness called the hypnotic trance can be induced by asking people to narrow their attention to a small light.
true
In psychodynamic theory, the term _____ is descriptive of ideas and feelings that are not available to awareness.
unconscious
Sleep terrors, bedwetting, and sleepwalking all occur during light sleep.
false
Which of the following hallucinogens is derived from the resin of the Cannabis sativa plant?
hashish
Once light passes through the iris, it encounters the _____.
lens
Heredity defines one's _____, which is based on biological structures and processes.
nature
When Anna moved to her new apartment, she found it very difficult to sleep because of the traffic noise in the neighborhood. However, she gradually became accustomed to the sound of the vehicles as days progressed, and now the noise outside no longer disturbs her sleep. This scenario illustrates an instance of _____.
negative adaptation
The first four sleep stages are considered__________.
non-rapid eye movement sleep
A__________reveals deformities in shape and structure that are connected with blood clots, tumors, and other health problems.
computerized axial tomography scan
In _____, people tend to be more responsive to some pitches than others.
conductive deafness
Gestalt psychologists believe that learning:
could be active and purposeful.
Which of the following is true of B. F. Skinner's contribution to behaviorism?
He believed that organisms learn to behave in certain ways because they have been reinforced for doing so.
Which of the following statements highlights the relationship between dopamine and schizophrenia?
People with schizophrenia may have more receptor sites for dopamine in an area of the brain that is involved in emotional responding.
People withdrawing from chronic alcohol use may experience__________with heavy sweating, restlessness, disorientation, and frightening hallucinations.
delirium tremens
Which of the following statements is true of psychoanalysis?
It aims to help patients find socially acceptable ways of expressing wishes and gratifying needs.
Which of the following is a function of the medulla of the brain?
It plays roles in sleeping, sneezing, and coughing.
Which of the following theories proposed that there are three types of color receptors, but they are not sensitive only to red, green, and blue?
The opponent-process theory
The _____ perspective works on the assumption that thoughts, fantasies, and dreams-and the inborn or instinctive behavior patterns of various species-are made possible by the nervous system and especially by the brain.
biological
Among lower animals, stimulation of various areas of the__________can trigger instinctual behaviors such as fighting, mating, or nest building.
hypothalamus
In the context of altering consciousness through drugs,__________is a problem characterized by loss of control over consumption, social impairment, risky use, and tolerance and withdrawal symptoms.
substance use disorder
Genetic components do not contribute to an individual's sensitivity to basic tastes.
false
Psychophysicist Ernst Weber discovered that the threshold for perceiving differences in the intensity of light is about 10 percent of their intensity.
false
The term parapsychological phenomena refers to the perception of objects or events through sensory organs.
false
Which of the following is symptomatic of sleep apnea?
The obstruction of air passages
The measured results, or outcomes, in an experiment are called__________.
dependent variables
Which of the following best describes association areas?
Areas of the cerebral cortex that are not primarily involved in sensation or motor activity
What chemical manufactured exclusively by the adrenal glands?
Norepinephrine
Which of the following statements is true of the scientific method?
Psychologists are guided by principles of critical thinking as they try to draw conclusions from research evidence collected through the scientific method.
