PSY Midterm Studyguide- Braydee

a child's brain has reached 90% of its adult weight by age

5

alzheimer's disease is associated with which factor in concerning neuronal functioning

a breakdown of myelin

according to the ethological view of attachment, attachment is

an inborn or instinctive response to a specific stimulus

which of the following is true of an infant's brain

an infant's brain reaches nearly 70% of its adult weight by the age of one year

johnson is a socially awkward teenager and talk to everyone he meets in the same monotonous way. he has difficulty understanding emotions. on being examined, it was found that johnson did not have significant cognitive or language delays associated with autism. in this scenario, johnson is most likely suffering from

asperger's syndrome

which of the following is a form of social play

associative play

anet tells her son to finish a school assignment before going to bed. however, he wants to sleep right away. janet says, "I know you are very tired, but the assignment is really important. how about I help you with the assignment so that you can finish it early? maybe you can sleep an extra hour in the morning as well, all right, honey?" in this scenario, janet uses the _____ parenting style.

authoritative

which of the following statements is true of growth patterns in boys

boys reach about half their adult height by two years of age

who among the following is most likely a victim of emotional abuse

clark, a 12 year old, who does not interact much with people as his father often criticizes him and calls him a "good for nothing fellow"

parents who do not enjoy their children and have few feelings of affection for them are best described as

cold

infants use their tongues most often when they

coo

jacob and his friends form a group to play "treasure hunt." the game comprises 8 groups that have to find a hidden object using the clues given to them in the form of puzzles. each group member is required to interact with the rest of the group to solve the puzzles and ultimately find the hidden object. it is evident that jacob is engaged in

cooperative play

according to piaget, children's cognitive processes

develop in an orderly sequence of stages

permissive-indulgent parents are

easygoing and unconventional

aaron's mother refuses to send him to school. she says, "schools do not have anything good to teach children nowadays." in the scenario, aaron is a victim of

educational neglect

aitlin thinks that all people love dolls because she loves dolls. this is an example of

egocentrism

apart from being activated when an individual performs a motor act or observes another individual engaging in the same act, mirror neurons in humans are also connected with

emotions such as digust

compared to infants' brains, adults' brains

have fewer connections among neurons

which of the following children would be the least distressed by the departure of his or her mother from the room in which they are playing

henry, who displays avoidant attachment

which of the following questions is the primary focus of the cognitive development

how children perceive and mentally represent the world

betty, a two month old infant, is not afraid when strangers pick her up and play with her. she is also equally comfortable when familiar people pick her up. betty is showing

indiscriminate attachment

which of the following is true of growth in infacy

infants grow in spurts

which of the following is true of the cerebellum

it is located above the medulla

which of the following is true of contrast assumption

it is the assumption that novel terms must refer to unfamiliar objects

which of the following is true of somnambulism

it tends to occur during deep sleep

which of the following is true of the corpus callosum

its myelination is largely complete by the age of 8

aggressive children appear to be

lacking in the ability to see things from the perspective of others

the harlows and their colleagues conducted studies of rhesus monkeys that were "reared by" wire-mesh and terry-cloth surrogate mothers. according to this study, rhesus infants reared in solitary confinement

later avoided other monkey

the ability to pretend involves

mental representation of things that children have never heard of

the presence of deferred imitation suggests that children have

mentally represented behavior patterns

which parenting style produces children who are the least competent in school

neglectful

aiden, a 3 year old, is severely malnourished and constantly falls ill. his mother does not take care of his personal hygiene and makes him wear unwashed clothes for weeks. in this scenario, aiden is a victim of

physical neglect

benjamin is a two month old baby who accidentally discovers his thumbs. he waves them around for a while and then sticks one of them in his mouth. he repeats this for a few times. benjamin's behavior is an example of

primary circular reaction

the development of object permanence is tied into development of infants'

reasoning ability

which of the following is an example of shape constancy

recognizing that a door is a rectangle whether closed or ajar

a return to behavior characteristic of earlier stages of development is called

regression

russel's mother recently gave birth to a boy, jason. since then, russel has become excessively clingy toward his mother. he cries whenever she attends to jason and sometimes even wets his pants. in this scenario, russel displays

regression to baby-like behaviors

janet is learning how to ride a tricycle. for the most part, she is able to do it by herself. when she finds pedaling too difficult, her father pushes the tricycle for her. which of the following cognitive development techniques is used by janet's father

scaffolding

the introduction of whole cow's milk to an infant

should be delayed until the infant is nine to twelve months old

the motor scale in the bayley scales of infant development assesses

standing skills

the individual difference in style of reaction that is present early in life is known as

temperament

preschool girls

tend to show more empathy and report more fears than boys

which of the following is true of the growth spurts of the brain

the first major growth spurt of the brain occurs during the fourth and fifth months of prenatal development

the average number of morphemes that communicators use in their sentences is called

the mean length of utterance

which of the following holds true for children moving from infancy into their second and third years

they need to consume fewer calories

which of the following statements is true of two year olds

they typically have a more erratic appetite

which of the following statements is true of sleep terrors

they usually occur during deep sleep

An adult's arms are nearly

three times the length of the head

infant memory improves dramatically between

two and six months of age

infants who display social referencing

use caregivers' facial expressions or tone of voice as clues on how to respond