PSY100 Chapter 15 Inquizitive

Which of the following are some benefits of using behavioral therapy, rather than Ritalin, to treat ADHD?

- Ritalin is often resold to people without ADHD and abused as a stimulant. - Behavioral therapy is more effective than Ritalin in the long term. - Ritalin has side effects including sleep problems, reduced appetite, body twitches, and temporary slowing of growth. - Children taking Ritalin may not learn other coping strategies.

What is the prognosis for autism in children?

- Some children have difficulty generalizing something learned in a therapeutic setting to the real world. - Higher IQ is associated with better outcomes after treatment. - Early language ability is associated with better outcomes after treatment.

Identify the statements about cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) as either true or false.

- CBT is the most widely used version of psychotherapy. - CBT is one of the most effective therapies for many types of disorders. - CBT involves examining a client's maladaptive thought processes and teaching him to change his behavior.

Which of the following are some benefits of using electroconvulsive therapy to treat depression?

- It is not known to harm a developing fetus. - It works quickly, whereas antidepressants can take weeks to kick in. - It has proven effective when other treatments have failed.

Which of the following statements about using applied behavioral analysis to treat children with autism are accurate?

- Other children in the family may feel neglected when so much attention is paid to their sibling with autism. - This treatment uses operant conditioning principles to encourage very specific desired behaviors. - Prolonged treatment leads to a gain in IQ.

Identify the reasons why it is difficult to treat antisocial personality disorder.

- Psychotropic medicines are generally unhelpful in treating the disorder. - People with APD will receive reinforcement for antisocial behavior in the real world. - Clients lie, do not care about other people's feelings, and do not consider the future.

Identify the statements about humanistic theory and contemporary therapy as either true or false.

True: - A modern humanistic theory called motivational interviewing allows a client to address discrepancies between his thoughts and his actions in a warm, supportive environment. - Many therapists still use techniques advocated by Rogers to establish a good therapeutic relationship with the client. False: - Many therapists still follow the original tenets of humanistic theory. - Contemporary forms of humanistic therapy generally take much more time than the original methods.

Identify the statements about psychotropic medications as either true or false.

True: - Identifying effective drug treatments is based on trial-and-error clinical studies. - Drugs for anxiety can help get rid of depression. False: - The same medication is always used to treat specific disorders. - Drugs are only used if there is a strong understanding as to why they are effective.

Match the disorders with treatments that might be effective.

phobia: - systematic desensitization schizophrenia: - Risperdal and Zyprexa bipolar disorder: - quetiapine obsessive-compulsive disorder: - exposure and response-prevention depression: - cognitive restructuring

Behavioral therapies use classical and operant conditioning to improve a client's behavior. Match the behavior-therapy concepts with their definitions.

prolonged exposure: - Repeatedly recalling and recounting traumatic events and gradually getting used to being in related situations. modeling: - Teach the client to imitate and rehearse an appropriate behavior in therapy and then apply it to real-world situations. exposure therapy: - Repeatedly bringing the client into contact with the anxiety-producing stimulus to help overcome fear or anxiety.

Emma was in a bad car accident and has developed a phobia of driving. Which of the following systematic desensitization methods should a cognitive-behavioral therapist use to help her get over her fear?

- The therapist should have her enact or imagine progressively more fearful scenarios from her fear hierarchy. - The therapist may instruct Emma to use a computer-simulated driving program.

Which of the following are the effects of central nervous system stimulants, such as Ritalin, on children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

- They make children happier and more socially adept. - They increase attention and ability to concentrate. - They decrease distractibility and overactivity.

Which of the following do some contemporary psychodynamic therapies explore?

- a client's avoidance of distressing thoughts - recurring patterns in a client's thoughts and feelings - a client's daydreams, fantasies, and dreams - a client's early traumatic experiences and childhood attachments - a client's interpersonal relationships

Many therapists follow _____ approach, in which the techniques they use _____.

- an eclectic - vary based on the client's needs

Which of the following are components of dialectical behavior therapy?

- cognitive therapy - both group and individual therapy - mindfulness training based on Eastern meditation - behavioral therapy

Identify the ways depression is expressed by men as opposed to by women.

Men and depression: - They mask depression with irritability. - They mask depression with alcohol. - They are reluctant to seek therapy. - They are reluctant to admit that they are depressed. Women and depression: - Their depression may be related to being victims of violent abuse. - Their depression may be related to inequities at work. - Their depression may be related to economic disadvantages. - They are diagnosed with depression twice as frequently as women are.

Match the types of psychotherapy with their goals.

client-centered: - help clients fulfill their potential for personal growth cognitive: - help clients eliminate harmful thought patterns and replace them with positive ones family: - heal family relationships behavioral: - help clients replace harmful behaviors with beneficial ones group: - provide support while also improving social skills in a cost-effective manner psychodynamic: - help clients become aware of unconscious conflicts and defense mechanisms

For borderline personality disorder, which is a difficult disorder to treat, dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), combines several different types of therapy. Match the types of therapy with their applications in DBT.

cognitive therapy: - The client learns problem-solving techniques, ways of coping with emotions, and self-respect. behavioral therapy: - Dysfunctional behaviors like cutting and suicide attempts are replaced with less destructive ones. mindfulness training: - Techniques of Eastern meditation are used to teach clients to control their attention and focus on the present.

Match the types of psychotherapy with their methods.

family: - systems approach psychodynamic: - free association and dream analysis client-centered: - reflective listening and unconditional positive regard cognitive: - cognitive restructuring and rational-emotive therapy behavioral: - rewards and punishments, token economies, social skills training, and modeling

Cognitive therapy is based on the theory that unwanted behaviors result from distorted thoughts. Match the types of cognitive therapies with their descriptions.

mindfulness-based cognitive therapy: - Clinicians help clients become aware of negative thought processes and disengage from ruminative thinking using meditation. rational-emotive therapy: - The therapist acts as a teacher, explaining the client's errors in in thinking and demonstrating more-adaptive ways to think. cognitive restructuring: - A clinician helps the client replace maladaptive thought patterns with patterns that are more in touch with reality. interpersonal therapy: - Clients use cognitive and psychodynamic techniques to gain insight into their relationships with other people.