PSYC 101 General Psychology, Chapter 1

Melanie is working to help mentally ill individuals connect with local resources. She wants to help her clients establish housing, employment, and therapy. Melanie is probably a(n)

Community psychologist

Psychologist

Completes an internship in a mental health facility Has a doctorate degree in psychology

Cognitive Approach

Emphasizes the concepts of knowing, attention, perception, memory, and thinking to solve problems

Sociocultural Approach

Emphasizes the important influence culture has on our behavior

What is a psychological perspective that uses concepts such as adaptation, reproduction, and natural selection as the basis for explaining specific human behaviors?

Evolutionary approach

Cognitive psychology

Examines attention, consciousness, information processing, and memory

True or false: Humanistic psychologists theorize that people are driven by unconscious impulses and external rewards.

False

Humanistic Approach

Focuses on a person's capacity for growth and improvement and stresses the positive aspects of an individual

Psychodynamic Approach

Focuses on unconscious thought, the role of biological conflict, and early childhood experiences.

___ psychology is the field that applies psychological concepts to the legal system

Forensic Psychology

__ is a field of psychology that uses a multidimensional approach that emphasizes psychological factors, lifestyle, and the nature of the healthcare system.

Health psychology

According to evolutionary psychologists, evolution influences everything EXCEPT

Inherited behaviors

Biological Approach

Interested in genetics, structures and functions of the brain and nervous system

Behavioral Approach

Interested in the study of observable responses and environmental influences

Evolutionary Approach

Interested in the way we adapt to our environment throughout human history

Who was the major proponent of the functionalist movement?

James

Health psychologists believe that the ___ can work to influence the __ by providing motivation to engage in healthy behaviors.

Mind; body

Which psychological perspective emphasizes unconscious thought, the conflict between the biological instincts and society's demands, and early family experiences

Psychodynamic approach

___ is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

Psychology

___ and educational psychologists work in elementary and secondary academic systems where they test children and make recommendations about educational placement.

School

Contemporary behaviorist do NOT emphasize which of the following

Sexual drives

According to the definition of environmental psychology, which area of psychology is NOT affected by physical settings?

Sexuality

What approach examines how a person's behavior may be affected by the environment in which the behavior occurs.

Sociocultural

Wundt created the first psychology laboratory for the study of

Structuralism

Psychiatrist

Typically works in a hospital May prescribe drugs Has a medical degree

Identify the two key early proponents of behavioral approach

Watson Skinner

Structuralism

Wilhelm Wundt Components of the mind Focuses on what the mind is

Introspection includes the ___ of one's own thoughts and perceptions

careful consideration

B.F. Skinner believed that our behavior is determined by

rewards and punishments

Many___ psychologists focus on the way that the mind interprets incoming information, evaluates it, stores it, and applies it to decision making

Cognitive

Functionalism

Adaptations to the environment Interactions with the outside world William James Focuses on the purpose of the mind

__ believed that the mind and body were linked, while ___ believed that they were two separate entities.

Aristotle; Descartes

Neuroscience is a(n) ___ approach to psychology.

Biological

Psychologist who focus on the brain and nervous system are adhering to the ____ approach

Biological

Which is the following categories are considered perspectives or approaches to psychology? (select all that apply)

Biological Psychodynamic Behavioral

According to evolutionary theory, species

Change through random mutation