PSYC 210 Chapter 2 Smartbook Questions
Low birth weight infants weigh less than ______ at birth.
5 pounds 8 ounces
Mitosis
A cell's nucleus, including the chromosomes, duplicates itself, and the cell divides
Meiosis
A specialized form of cell division forms eggs and sperm only
How long does the postpartum period last?
About 6 weeks
Which of the following prescription drugs can function as teratogens?
Acne medications Antibiotics Synthetic estrogen Some antidepressants
In the third stage of birth, the placenta, umbilical cord, and other membranes are expelled from the uterus. This stage of birth is called the......
Afterbirth
Fertilization
An egg and a sperm fuse to create a single cell
Which of the following is widely used to evaluate infants' heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, body color, and reflex irritability immediately after birth?
Apgar Scale
Which field seeks to discover the influence of environment and heredity on individual differences in human development?
Behavior Genetics
The formation of a connection, especially a physical one, between parent and infant shortly after birth is known as......
Bonding
_____________ are threadlike structures made up of strands of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
Chromosomes
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recommends that pregnant women:
Consume caffeine only sparingly Not consume caffeine
______________ syndrome results when a person inherits an extra copy of chromosome 21.
Down
Which of the following is a chromosomally transmitted form of intellectual disability caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21?
Down Syndrome
FASD may occur in offspring whose mothers ______ during pregnancy.
Drank Alcohol
When couples experience infertility, the problem may lie with.....
Either the man or the woman
The ______ view states that development is the result of an ongoing, bidirectional interchange between heredity and the environment.
Epigenetic
Which psychological approach emphasizes the importance of adaption, reproduction, and survival of the fittest in shaping behaviors?
Evolutionary Psychology
Fertilization typically takes place in the....
Fallopian Tube
True or false: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recommends that pregnant women consume caffeine on a regular basis.
False
Conception occurs when a single sperm cell from a male unites with an ovum in a process called......
Fertilization
Genes are passed from generation to generation through three processes, called mitosis, meiosis, and ____________________.
Fertilization
Prenatal development begins with ______ and ends with ______.
Fertilization; birth
Prenatal development is divided into what three periods?
Fetal Germinal Embryonic
A cluster of abnormalities that may appear in the offspring of mothers who drink alcohol heavily during pregnancy is referred to as....
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
Which statement is best supported by the results of current research? Multiple choice question.
Genes shape predispositions for behaviors or traits, but we need to also take context into account.
For a particular teratogen, the severity of damage to the embryo or fetus and the type of defect are influenced by which of the following?
Genetic Susceptibility The dosage Time of exposure
The period of prenatal development that takes place in the first two weeks after conception is known as the ______ period.
Germinal
Which of the following outcomes are associated with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders?
Heart problems Learning problems Facial deformities
What is it called when individuals' genes may influence the types of environments to which they are exposed?
Hereditary-Environment Correlations
According to evolutionary psychology, natural selection favors behaviors that....
Increase reproductive success
Jemma weighs 4 pounds at birth. She would be considered a(n) ______ infant.
Low Birth Weight
Which of the following are psychoactive drugs?
Marijuana Nicotine Caffeine Alcohol
The prenatal testing that should be performed depends on which of the following?
Medical History Genetic risk factors Mother's age
The evolutionary process by which the best-adapted individuals of a species survive and reproduce is called ______ selection. Multiple choice question.
Natural
According to the U.S. surgeon general:
No alcohol should be consumed during pregnancy.
Which of the following is NOT one of behavior geneticist Sandra Scarr's hereditary-environment correlations?
Phenotypic
The ______ period lasts from the end of delivery until the mother's body has returned to a nearly pre-pregnant state (in about six weeks).
Postpartum
The general term for drugs that act on the nervous system to alter states of consciousness, modify perceptions, and change moods is....
Psychoactive Drugs
A dominant gene will override the potential influence of a _______________ gene.
Recessive
The Apgar Scale evaluates all of the following, EXCEPT....
Size and Weight
Prenatal care often includes which of the following components?
Social services Comprehensive educational services Nutritional services
Which of the following prescription drugs can function as teratogens?
Some antidepressants Synthetic estrogen Antibiotics Acne medications
Any agent that can potentially cause a birth defect or negatively alter cognitive and behavioral outcomes is referred to as a(n).....
Teratogen
Research indicates that prescription drugs can act as a(n) __________________ to the unborn fetus.
Teratogen
In general, prenatal care involves which of the following?
Testing for treatable diseases Screening for manageable conditions A defined schedule of visits for medical care
Prenatal diagnostic tests include all of the following EXCEPT.....
The Apgar Scale
Which of the following are potential causes of infertility?
The woman does not ovulate Low sperm production Blocked fallopian tubes
The placenta, umbilical cord, and other membranes are detached and expelled during the _________ stage of birth.
Third
The severity and type of damage to an embryo is influenced by the dose, genetic susceptibility and __________ of exposure to a teratogen.
Time
True or false: Drinking one or two servings of beer or wine a few days a week during pregnancy can cause negative effects on the fetus.
True
True or false: The emerging view is that complex behaviors are influenced by genes in ways that give people a propensity for a particular developmental trajectory as well as by complex environments.
True
Which of the following would be most commonly used by a behavior geneticist?
Twin or Adoption studies
The fertilized egg is called the....
Zygote
The threadlike structures found in the nucleus of each human cell and made up of deoxyribonucleic acid are called.....
chromosomes
According to the epigenetic view, development is.....
due to heredity and environment affecting the other
Which of the following are recessive characteristics?
freckles, nearsightedness, blond hair
Research indicates that prescription drugs can act as a(n) ________________ to the unborn fetus.
teratogen
Teratology is the field of study that investigates
the causes of birth defects