psych 1101 exam 5

Which of the following statements is true about obsessive-compulsive disorder?

It involves intrusive, unpleasant thoughts and repetitive behaviors.

What does research suggest about the comparative effectiveness of psychotherapeutic techniques?

No studies have found one psychotherapeutic approach more effective than another.

Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)

n idea that someone insists is true even in the face of overwhelming evidence that it is NOT true is known as ______

a delusion

_____ medications are usually used to treat schizophrenia.

antipsychotics

________ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and apprehension and by related disturbances in behavior.

anxiety

Dr. Griffiths diagnosed Manuel with major depressive disorder because he ________.

appears tearful to others and spends weeks at a time feeling sad, empty, and hopeless

Rates of Autism Spectrum diagnosis

are higher in boys than girls

Which childhood disorder is characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication and repetitive patterns of behavior or interests?

autism spectrum disorder

________ is stress-reduction technique whereby electronic equipment measuring a person's involuntary (neuromuscular and autonomic) activity helps him gain a level of voluntary control over these processes.

biofeedback

In the free association technique of psychoanalysis, the ________.

client says whatever comes to mind at the moment

____ are repetitive rituals used to minimize distress or reduce the likelihood of a feared event occuring.

compulsions

Aversive conditioning is a ________.

counterconditioning technique that pairs an unpleasant stimulant with an undesirable behavior

The ________ model suggests that people with a predisposition for a disorder are more likely to develop the disorder when faced with adverse environmental or psychological events.

diathesis-stress

Exhibiting a personality that ________ is a common characteristic of all personality disorders.

differs markedly from the expectations of one's culture

A person who has two or more separate and distinct personalities is most likely to be diagnosed with _____

dissociative identity disorder

Major depression is often _____ which means that a person may experience symptoms for a while, then feel better, only to have the symptoms come back again after some time has passed. This pattern may repeat multiple times over a person's life.

episodic

People with ____ suffer from a relatively continuous state of excessive, uncontrollable, and pointless worry and apprehension.

generalized anxiety disorders

Which treatment modality involves 5-10 people with the same issue or concern meeting together with a trained clinician?

group therapy

What is comorbidity?

having two disorders

What is the goal of humanistic therapy?

helping people become more self-aware and accepting of themselves

Over the past few years, research suggests that stress levels in the United States have ________.

increased

Which of the following defines antisocial personality disorder?

lack of regard for others' rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds

What type of symptoms involve noticeable decreases and absences in certain behaviors, emotions, or drives?

negative

If Laura has bipolar disorder, then she ________.

often experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania

In medieval times, abnormal behaviors were viewed as a sign that a person was ________.

possessed by demons

Which type of appraisal involves judgment about the degree of potential harm or threat to well-being that a stressor might entail?

primary

Electroconvulsive therapy is effective in alleviating symptoms for people with ________.

severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy

The last stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome (described by Selye to explain how non-specific stress affects the body) is called ____. In this stage, the body's ability to resist stress is depleted and illness, disease, and permanent damage can occur as a result of the prolonged stressor.

stage of exhaustion

A stressor would be appraised as a ________ if someone anticipates that it could lead to some kind of harm, loss, or other negative consequence; however, if someone believes that it carries the potential for gain or personal growth, it would be appraised as a ________.

threat; challenge