PSYCH 111 exam 6

A psychological disorder is ________. a condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors a condition characterized by normal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors a manifestation of a psychopathology characterized by situational, idiosyncratic, or unconventional inner feelings

a condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________. Asperger's syndrome attention deficit hyperactivity disorder autism spectrum disorder schizoid personality disorder

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Which childhood disorder is characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication and repetitive patterns of behavior or interests? antisocial personality disorder attention deficit disorder attention deficit hyperactivity disorder autism spectrum disorder

autism spectrum disorder

The ________ perspective suggests that psychological disorders result largely from faulty physical processes, and the ________perspective emphasizes the importance of factors such as stress and thoughts as well as environmental factors in the development of psychological disorders. biological; psychological diathesis; supernatural medical; stress psychological; biological

biological; psychological

Don knows that drinking too much liquor is a costly habit that is bad for his health, but he continues to drink large amounts of liquor. He also thinks he is a smart person that makes good choices. Don feels some psychological discomfort from this contradiction, which is also called ________. aggressive discord cognitive dissonance perceptive deception peripheral dissension

cognitive dissonance

Rafael is in therapy, and one of his goals is to overcome his pessimistic attitude. His therapist helps him eliminate thought patterns that lead to distress. For example, he helps Rafael learn to not overgeneralize his likelihood of failing his sociology class based on doing poorly on his first exam. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?' cognitive therapy non-directive therapy play therapy psychodynamic psychotherapy

cognitive therapy

Fantasia believes that people with blue eyes are somehow more creative than other people. Whenever Fantasia encounters a person that has blue eyes and is creative, she places greater importance on this evidence supporting her already existing belief. At the same time, Fantasia ignores any evidence that people without blue eyes might display exceptional creativity. This is called a ________. confirmation bias confirmation preconception confirmation preference confirmation prejudice

confirmation bias

Jerry allows others to take over and run his life. He is submissive and clings to those around him. He cannot make decisions without advice and reassurance from others, probably because he lacks self-confidence. He finds it impossible to do things on his own, and he feels uncomfortable and helpless when he is alone. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jerry's personality? avoidant personality disorder borderline personality disorder dependent personality disorder narcissistic personality disorder

dependent personality disorder

The ________ model suggests that people with a predisposition for a disorder are more likely to develop the disorder when faced with adverse environmental or psychological events. diathesis-stress supernatural Szasz Venn

diathesis-stress

Suppose you are walking down a street. A woman has fallen down, but because there are so many people around it does not occur to you that you should help. You just assume someone else is about to help her and keep walking. This is an example of ________. aggression cognitive dissonance diffusion of responsibility prosocial behavior

diffusion of responsibility

Mona works at a bank. When Luis, a Colombian man, arrives to drop off his paycheck she pretends to be busy and directs him to another teller. She does this whenever a non-White person wants assistance. This is an example of ________. aggression discrimination prejudice stereotype

discrimination

Donna exhibits two separate personalities, each well-defined and distinct from one another, so Dr. Paulson diagnosed Donna with ________ disorder. anxiety dissociative identity personality schizophrenia

dissociative identity

________ is the strengthening of an original group attitude after the discussion of views within a group. cognitive dissonance group polarization the Asch effect the Milgram influence

group polarization

Dr. Banner wants his clients to learn to articulate thoughts that keep them from achieving their goals. Therefore, Dr. Banner increases their self-awareness by focusing on their conscious thoughts. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation is he using? cognitive-behavioral therapy cognitive therapy free association humanistic therapy

humanistic therapy

What is groupthink? arguments between group members that result in the dissolution of the group modification of the opinions of leadership to agree with the numerical minority modification of the opinions of members of a group to align with what they believe is the group consensus pressure from above on group members designed to eliminate leadership

modification of the opinions of members of a group to align with what they believe is the group consensus

Veena's thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors are impaired to the point where she is unable to function normally in life. She experiences significant difficulties in many day-to-day activities, such as holding a job, paying bills, grooming, maintaining personal hygiene, and sustaining relationships. Which of the following disorders is Veena living with? anxiety disorder borderline personality disorder major depressive disorder schizophrenia

schizophrenia

Following an outcome, ________ are those attributions that enable us to see ourselves in favorable light. egocentric bias fundamental bias interpersonal bias self-serving bias

self-serving bias

Penny gets an acting job on Friday that she attributes to her good acting. She doesn't get the next acting job; therefore, she blames the casting director for not wanting to hire a woman. This is an example of ________. racism self-fulfilling prophecy self-serving bias social loafing

self-serving bias

David attempts to minimize the costs of his relationship with Daniel while maximizing benefits. He enjoys Daniel's company, but he tries to avoid helping him move. This is an example of the ________ theory. cognitive balance group effect individual exchange social exchange

social exchange

Travis is part of a group playing tug-of-war. He knows that his team is stronger, so he doesn't try as hard as he could. Travis is engaged in ________. aggression altruism diffusion of responsibility social loafing

social loafing