Psych 310 Quiz Questions

An afterpotential is ____

A brief hyperpolarization that follows an action potential ("undershoot")

An action potential is ______

A rapid electrical signal that travel along the axon

The "lock-and-key" analogy relates to the _____

Action of transmitter molecules on receptor proteins

Disulfiram (Antabuse) is prescribed for people who are trying to overcome dependence on _________

Alcohol

The neuron doctrine ___

All of the above

Which of the following drugs is NOT found in nature?

Amphetamine

If a newly developed drug is found to bind to dopamine receptors but does not activate them, the drug is classified as an ____

Antagonist

The electrical impulse that stimulates neurotransmitter release, thereby transmitting information to other neurons, arises in the ____

Axon hillock

Which components form the human central nervous system?

Brain and spinal cord

Which of the following areas is not a sector of the cerebral hemispheres?

Brainstem

The ventricular system contains _____

Cerebrospinal fluid

What are the cerebral ventricles?

Chambers filled with fluid

The GABAA receptor is a ligand-gated ____ channel

Chloride

The two forces that drive ions across the membrane are ____

Concentration gradient and electric pressure

Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials differ from excitatory postsynaptic potentials most significantly in their ___

Direction of membrane polarization

The dose at which a drug has a half-maximal response is termed the ____

ED50

Which of the following IS NOT involved in chemical synaptic transmission?

Electrical conduction across the synaptic cleft

The structures of the limbic system are particularly implicated in

Emotion and learning

The discovery that the brain contains specific receptors for manufactured opiate drugs, such as morphine, implies that the body must make an ____ substance to interact with the same receptors

Endogenous

By definition, a manufactured drug that interacts with a particular type of receptor in the brain is an _____ ligand

Exogenous

The nicotinic ionotropic ACh receptor is made up of ____ subunits

Five

In the mammalian brain, _____ is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter

GABA

The NMDA receptor is a type of receptor for the neurotransmitter ____

Glutamate

The NMDA receptor is a type of receptor for the neurotransmitter ________

Glutamate

Which of the following is not a consequence of parasympathetic activation?

Increased heart rate

Which of the following is a pure compound derived from poppies?

Morphine

Functionally, cranial nerves carry which kind of information?

Motor and sensory

The major function of Schwann cells is ___

Myelination of peripheral nerve fibers

Acetylcholine is the main transmitter used at the mammalian _____

Neuromuscular junction

The gaps between segments of myelin are known as ____

Nodes of Ranvier

Synaptic vesicles ____

None of the above

A depolarizing stimulus makes the inner part of the cell more _____

Positive

Ion channels are made of ____

Protein

LSD appears to exert its effects through its interactions with receptors for the neurotransmitter _____

Serotonin

Which of the following is NOT a catecholamine neurotransmitter?

Serotonin

Myelin is found along the length of ____

Some mammalian axons

A ligand is a ________

Substance that binds to receptor molecules

A major site of origin of projections using the neurotransmitter dopamine is the _________

Substantia nigra

Synaptic boutons are ____

Swellings found at axon terminals

In which part of the neuron are synaptic vesicles found?

Synaptic boutons

The main active ingredient found in marijuana is _______

THC

Dendrites are ____

The input zone of nerve cells

The four major lobes of the cerebral cortex are named for ____

The skull bones lying over them

Spatial summation refers to ____

The summing of potentials that come from different parts of the cell

A group of axons traveling together within the brain is called a ___

Tract

The specialized presynaptic membrane proteins that remove molecules of transmitter from the synaptic space are called _____

Transporters

Membranes of cells are made out of ____

Two layers of lipids

Whether a synapse is excitatory or inhibitory is determined in part by ____

Type of transmitter released by the presynaptic neuron

Action potentials generally are not propagated along dendrites because dendrites lack _____

Voltage-gated sodium channels