psych ch.7 (memory and learning test)

______states that memory storage involves three separate systems: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

Atkinson-Shiffrin theory

Lucy sustained a brain injury in a car accident. Although Lucy's memories of her life before the accident are intact, she is no longer able to form new, long-term memories. Every night when she goes to bed, her memories of what she had done that day are lost. Lucy suffers from ______.

anterograde amnesia

_____refers to the formation of a number of different connections around a stimulus at any given level of memory encoding.

elaboration

____refers to the process of transforming information into a form that can be stored in memory.

encoding

Which of the following structures of memory is autobiographical?

episodic memory

Elaine is writing a paper about reactions to the tragedy that occurred at the Twin Towers on September 11, 2001. She interviews ten of her classmates and asks them to remember that day. She is surprised to learn that nearly all of the students she interviewed offer very detailed, vivid accounts of where they were and what they were doing when they first learned of the terrorist attacks. Tamara has discovered that most of her classmates have ______ of September 11, 2001.

flashbulb memory

Information can last up to a lifetime in ______.

long-term memory

____involves retaining information over time

memory

Aaron went to school one day with his zipper down. He considers it his most embarrassing moment ever and would rather forget that the event ever occurred. Aaron is exhibiting ______.

motivated forgetting

In which subsystem of long-term memory is your knowledge of how to drive a car and how to ride a bike stored?

nondeclarative (implicit) memory

According to Baddeley's view of the three components of working memory, the ______ is specialized to briefly store speech-based information.

phonological loop

A few years ago, Sally had a boyfriend named Steve. Now, she has a new boyfriend named Stephen. Because of _____, you sometimes call Stephen by Steve's name.

proactive interference

The connectionist view of memory _____.

proposes that memories are organized only to the extent that neurons, the connections among them, and their activity are organized

Chunking involves _____.

reorganizing information that exceeds the 7 plus or minus 2 rule into smaller meaningful units

janel was sexually abused by her uncle when she was 5 years old. this experience was so devastating and traumatic that she removed the memory from her conscious awareness. this is an example of a(n) ____.

repressed memory

You are taking both a Spanish and a French course this semester. As you study the vocabulary words for your French test, you realize that the French words are disrupting the memory of the Spanish vocabulary words you studied last week. This is an example of _____.

retroactive interference

______is the ability to maintain attention to a selected stimulus for a prolonged period of time.

sustained attention

the cerebellum and ____ play an important role in implicit memory.

temporal lobes (cerebral cortex)

Which of the following is true of the visual spatial sketchpad?

the capacity of the visuo-spatial sketchpad is limited

According to _____, memory for pictures is better than memory for words because pictures, at least those that can be named, are stored as both image codes and verbal codes

the dual-code hypothesis

Motivated forgetting and repressed memories are usually associated with what type of memories?

traumatic memories