PSYCH CHAPT 7 QUiZ

Typically, individuals with an IQ of ____ or above are considered to be gifted.

130

From ________ months old, children are most capable of using simple sentences such as "I see."

18 to 24

Which term refers to the vocabulary of a language?

lexicon

The tendency to perceive and approach problems in the same ways that have worked in the past is called __________.

mental set

Babies all across the world are born with the inherent ability to differentiate between and potentially produce all possible __________, but as they grow older, lose the ability to differentiate those which are not part of their native language(s).

phonemes

The practical aspects of communicating with others, or the social "niceties" of language, are referred to as

pragmatics

The first thing that comes to mind when asked to name an example from a category is called the ________.

prototype

Which term refers to the process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words?

semantics

The sentences "The dog bit the boy" and "The boy was bitten by the dog" have the same meaning but differ in ________.

syntax

Tanya is walking near a university campus and sees a man dressed in a tweed jacket, button down-shirt, and dress slacks. He is wearing glasses and has a neatly trimmed beard. Tanya assumes the man is a professor. Tanya's assumption best illustrates _______________.

the representativeness heuristic

Tasks that require you to compare, contrast, or evaluate are using the ________ intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence.

analytical

Frank mistakenly believes that there are more words that begin with the letter "k" than there are with the letter "k" in the third position due to the ________.

availability heuristic

Raymond Cattell was a psychologist who ________.

divided intelligence into two components

A(an) ________ schema is also known as a cognitive script.

event

A loose screw on the visor causes it to drop down while Ben drives; however, he keeps forgetting to take a screwdriver out to the car to fix it. When he notices the visor drop again, he reaches into his pocket for a dime he uses to tighten the screw holding the visor. What problem-solving difficulty did Ben overcome?

functional fixedness

Compared to formal concepts learned in science and math, natural concepts tend to be ________.

fuzzy with unclear boundaries

In Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory, ________ intelligence and ________ intelligence are often combined into a single type: emotional intelligence.

interpersonal; intrapersonal

_______ encompasses the processes associated with perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgment, language, and memory.

cognition

What are mental categories representing activities, objects, qualities, or situations that share some common characteristics?

concepts

________intelligence is marked by inventing or imagining a solution to a problem or situation.

creative