Psych chapter 9, 10, 11, 12 quizzes

The ________ uses images and storytelling that relate to minority cultures.

TEMAS Multicultural Thematic Apperception Test

The ________ complex is the part of the brain with dense connections with a variety of sensory areas of the brain; it is critical for classical conditioning and attaching emotional value to memory.

basolateral

The hierarchy of needs is the spectrum of needs ranging from basic ________ needs to ________ needs and finally striving for self-actualization.

biological; social

According to Galen, the ________ person is passionate, ambitious, and bold.

choleric

________ development involves learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity.

cognitive

Fantasia believes that people with blue eyes are somehow more creative than other people. Whenever Fantasia encounters a person that has blue eyes and is creative, she places greater importance on this evidence supporting her already existing belief. At the same time, Fantasia ignores any evidence that people without blue eyes might display exceptional creativity. This is called a ________.

confirmation bias

How can parents help their children achieve high congruence?

giving them unconditional positive regard

The ________ hypothesis is the ideology common in the United States that people get the outcomes they deserve.

just-world

Heather and Mike share the household chores as equally as possible. They take turns with the cooking and driving their son to daycare. Both of them work outside the home, and each of them takes responsibility for child care one night a week to give the other one a break. We can say that their relationship has a high level of ________.

reciprocity

Which choice would you not expect to occur during the excitement phase of the sexual response cycle?

reduction in pulse and blood pressure

What is an advanced directive?

A legal document that provides specific interventions that a person wants.

18-month-old Gordon learned the schema for apples. When Gordon sees tomatoes at the grocery store, he says, "Look mommy, apples!" His mother tells him that the food he sees at the store is a tomato, not an apple. He now has separate schemata for tomatoes and apples. This exemplifies ________.

Accommodation

Mercy has maintained her body weight far below what is healthy through starvation and constant exercise. Despite her drastically thin appearance, Mercy genuinely believes that she is overweight, often referring to herself as "fat." Mercy probably suffers from ________.

Anorexia nervosa

Henry is juror number four in a murder trial. He believes the accused is guilty, but when the jurors vote it becomes clear he is the only one that thinks this way. Henry votes not guilty along with the other jurors despite what he sees as evidence clearly indicating guilt. This is an example of the ________ effect.

Asch

According to ________, lifespan development encompasses eight stages and at each stage we encounter a psychosocial crisis that must be resolved.

Erik Erikson

Sigmund Freud suggested that people who are dominated by their ________ might be narcissistic and impulsive.

ID

Jasmin belongs to the chess club on her campus. She prefers to associate with other members of the chess club while avoiding people that do not belong to this group. She thinks that those who do not play chess must be less intelligent than those who do, and thus she doesn't want to spend time with them. Jasmin has a(n) ________ bias.

In group

Which statement summarizes the main idea of reciprocal determinism?

Our behavior, cognitive processes, and situational context all influence each other.

When one considers the majority of the scientific data that are available, what can be said about sexual orientation?

Sexual orientation is something with which we are born.

According to the frustration aggression theory, which of the following is likely to occur when Simon gets frustrated with his toilet training?

Simon bites his mother

Kara gets an F on her social psychology exam. Then she goes home and gets into an argument with her roommate, Lee. Lee assumes Kara is yelling at him because she is just a nasty person, and does not consider that she may just have had a bad day and is venting. Lee is demonstrating ________.

The fundamental attribution error

Of the following options, which is not one of the temperaments first proposed by Thomas and Chess (1977)?

The secure baby

Which theorist promoted the idea that development is fundamentally affected by one's culture as well as their interactions with their own environment?

Vygotsky

Jessica believes that she succeeds in high school because she works hard, earned a place on the basketball team because she practices constantly, and cooks well because she takes cooking classes. Julian Rotter would say that Jessica has ________.

an internal locus of control

Many cultures have stories about a hero who goes on a quest, such as Hercules, King Arthur, and Gilgamesh. What would Carl Jung say this exemplified?

archetype

Which parenting style is most encouraged in modern America?

authoritative

What was the main conclusion drawn from the Stanford prison experiment?

social roles are powerful determinants of human behavior

________ theorists attempt to explain our personality by identifying our stable characteristics and ways of behaving.

trait

A(an) ________ begins as a one-cell structure that is created when a sperm and egg merge.

zygote

Jules is participating in the Strange Situation experiment. When his mother returns, he freezes, and then behaves erratically. In fact, he runs away from his mother. What kind of attachment is this?

disorganized

A(n) ________ is a subjective, affective state of being that we often describe as our feelings. A(n) ________ refers to a prolonged, less intense, affective state that does not occur in response to something we experience.

emotion, mood

If you suggest that smiling can make someone feel happier, then you believe the ________.

facial feedback hypothesis

Which type of persuasion approach involves encouraging a person to agree to a small favor or to buy a small item, only to later request a larger favor or purchase of a larger item?

foot-in-the-door technique

During adolescence there is a tendency to see people engage in higher levels of risk-taking behavior. Emotional outbursts are also quite common. This is explained by the relative underdevelopment of the ________ lobe of the cerebral cortex.

frontal

Which statement about groupthink is correct?

group members modify their opinions to match what they believe is the group consensus

Which of the following is an example of an instinctive behavior?

infant rooting for a nipple

Which option is best described as a hormone that induces feelings of satiety, or fullness when eating?

leptin

Sally really loves being outdoors. She likes to hike, do yoga in the warm sun, and go for long camping trips. She and her wife move to Arizona from New York so that they can enjoy these activities in warmer weather for most of the year. This process of moving to an area that is most suited for one's personality tendencies is called selective ________.

migration

Otto is so driven to become a school psychologist that he spends every night studying. This sentence describes the wants or needs that direct behavior toward a goal, also called ________.

motivation

What does nature refer to in the nature vs. nurture debate?

genes and biology