Psych Exam 1

51. Serena was walking down the street trying to see what people would do when there is a small puddle on the ground. She finds the perfect size puddle and takes a seat on the bench next to it. Whenever someone would walk by, she would record whether they stepped over the puddle, walked through the puddle, or if they walked around and if that correlated with the age of the person. What type of research is Serena doing? 1. Mixed Longitudinal Study 2. Naturalistic Observation 3. Double Blind Procedure 4. Longitudinal Study

2

7. While in the car with his family, Tyler was looking at a house in the distance and noticed it was moving slower than the telephone poll next to the car. This is an example of ________. a. occlusion b. motion parallax c. retinal disparity d. depth perception

b. motion parallax

11. Sandra is on vacation at the beach. She's enjoying relaxing in her chair by the ocean. What types of waves is her brain most likely using? a.) beta waves b.) alpha waves c.) gamma waves d.) delta waves

b.) alpha waves*

68. Kendrick is laying by the beach, reading his favorite book. Since we experience different states of consciousness throughout our day and night. Which brain wave is Kendrick currently experiencing? A) Delta B) Gamma C) Alpha D) Beta

c

70. You went to bed a 10:00pm on a Monday night. Around 11:30pm that same night you wake up feeling disoriented and confused. Which of the following probably occurred? a. Nightmare b. Insomnia c. Sleep terror d. Sleep attack

c

17. Katie, a recently graduated dietician, wants to conduct a study in which she observes people under a strict diet and compares them to those under no dietary restrictions for a span of 25 years. She's asks her best friend Jane, who is a psychologist, what kind of study this would be and if it would be reliable. What should Jane's response be? A) cross-sectional, yes because ages aren't varied B) longitudinal, could be unreliable due to the long period of time and people dropping out C) mixed-longitudinal, could be reliable because it takes less time to complete D) mixed-cross-sectional, unreliable because it combines too many types of studies to get viable results

B) longitudinal, could be unreliable due to the long period of time and people dropping out*

16. Rachel and her friends are looking into each other's eyes and arguing about what the colored part of their eye is called. The correct answer for the colored part of our eye is what? A. Cornea B. Iris C. Lens D. Pupil

B. Iris

12. Jimmy is walking along the railroad tracks and looks into the horizon. He notices that the tracks get smaller as he look down the tracks. Jimmy remembers studying this concept in class and know that the tracks are still the same size, but just farther away. Jimmy used the depth cue of _______ to come to this conclusion. A. Occlusion B. Linear perspective C. Texture D. Motion Parallax

B. Linear perspective*

14. Terry has a lecture for his Architectural History class on Tuesdays and Thursdays. When he sits in the front 3 rows of the lecture hall, the notes on the board are clear and visible to him. However, when he sits in the last three rows of the lecture hall, the notes on the board and blurry and illegible. Terry likely is diagnosed with ___________ A. Fovea B. Astigmatism C. Myopia D. Hyperopia

C. Myopia*

15. Max needs a large amount of information quickly for a research project. Max has a little amount of money but wants to know if students prefer to study at home or study at the on-campus library. Max should use the following method to obtain his goal? A. Case study B. Interviews C. Survey D. Naturalistic observation

C. Survey

13. Billy did not get much sleep last night and woke up in the middle of a terrible dream. After he came home from school, he fell asleep on the couch to take a short nap. Once asleep, he immediately had vivid dreams and did not sleep very well. During his nap, Billy was in ____. A. REM sleep B. Stage 1 sleep C. Stage 4 sleep D. REM rebound

D. REM rebound

71. Jack is a middle school student who has some problem with seeing things. However he goes to the hospital, the doctor says that there is nothing wrong with his eyes but something wrong with part of the brain. If so, which part of his brain is probably effected? A. temporal lobe B. parietal lobe C. occipital lobe D. frontal lobe E. broca's area

c

72. Bob Ross is a famous painter. He was known for painting landscapes and involving his "little trees". When he painted his trees, he painted them larger towards the bottom of the canvas and smaller towards the top of the canvas. What type of visual perception is this illustrating? a. linear perspective b. texture c. relative size d. occlusion

c

76. When Tom is driving, he saw the lines of the road that should be parallel finally converged together. Which monocular cue of depth perception shown in this situation? A. Shading B. Texture C. Linear perspective D. Occlusion

c

6. Jimmy got emotional when he came across a dog in a pet shop that looked like the one had as a child. What part of his brain was activated at that moment? a. the hypothalamus b. the hippocampus c. the amygdala d. the cingulate cortex

c. *the amygdala

32. Katie has lived in New York City for 10 years among the noise. She drives a cab during the day and is a bartender at night. Her friend, Emily, visits Katie in New York for the weekend. However, Emily has trouble sleeping from all the loud noises of the cars, shops, and parties. Katie sleeps soundly at night, this is because of... a) Bottom-Up Processing b) Sensory Adaptation c) Psychophysics d) Difference Threshold

b

34. You have been sleeping for approximately 30 minutes and all of a sudden, you hear your roommate walk into the room after being out all night. You immediately wake up from hearing all the noise. Which stage of sleep were you in? a) Stage 1 b) Stage 2 c) Stage 3 d) Stage 4

b

38. Jack recently suffered brain damage and the doctors are testing to see what part of his brain was affected. The doctor notes that Jack can talk still, and rather fluently, but no one can comprehend what he is trying to say and it seems like random words. The doctor can conclude from this that ____ was damaged in Jack's brain. (Textbook, 4-3c). a.) The cerebellum b.) Wernicke's area c.) The amygdala d.) Broca's area

b

40. Ken is color deficient and cannot see 'red Christmas lights' the same way other people experience them because he is color deficient, which means he is missing ___. a. cones b. retina c. rods d. iris

a

48. Due to a stomachache, James did not eat anything the whole day. At night he feels severe hunger. After he eats a sandwich, he thinks he is full. In this case the _______________ system result in these conscious perceptions. A. enteric nervous B. parasympathetic nervous C. sympathetic nervous D. somatic nervous

a

53. Kennedy is focusing on studying material for her exam that is tomorrow. Her roommates are talking and get mad that she didn't hear them. What explains why Kennedy did not hear her roommates? A. Selective Attention B. Transduction C. Psychophysics D. Absolute Threshold

a

56. If eye color of children (a phenotypical difference) is stated to be highly correlated to their inherited genes this would be classified as high A. Heritability B. Dominance C. Recessiveness D. Genetic Predisposition

a

61. Fletcher is walking through a haunted house. He is walking slowly through each turn when a ghost jumps from around the corner and screams. What part of his brain is responding to the fear from the jump-scare? a. Amygdala b. Cingulate Cortex c. Hippocampus d. Basal Ganglia

a

69. During a research project, the participant is asked to looking at scary pictures. What part of the brain will become more active when responding to this kind of stimuli? a. Amygdala b. Cingulate Cortex c. Hippocampus d. Hypothalamus

a

73. Thomas caught his roommate sleeping talking the other night when he came in the room at 1 am. What stage of sleep is Thomas's roommate most likely in? a. Stage 1/2 b. Stage 3 c. Stage 4 d. REM

a

77. After a traffic accident, Youssef lost his ability of speak more than a few sounds. Which part of his brain get damaged? A. Broca's area B. Wernicke's area C. Thalamus D. Hippocampus

a

59. Trevor would like to study psychophysics. If he wanted to establish limits of awareness, what would be the two things he should be considering? a) Stimuli b) Intensity c) Perception d) Response criterion e) Selective attention

a, c

41. A researcher is conducting an experiment about the effectiveness of a new type of sleeping pill. The experiment consists of two groups, one group that ingests the sleeping pill and another that ingests a placebo pill. The group that ingests the sleeping pill is the __. a. control group b. experimental group c. case study d. survey group

b

45. On Friday night, Mark chose not to go out with his roommate, and instead chose to stay in and get ahead on studying for his Psych 1100 exam. Shortly after going to sleep, Mark was woken up by his roommate when the TV was turned on with the volume very loud. Mark was likely in Stage ___ Sleep. A. Stage 1 B. Stage 2 C. Stage 3/4 D. REM

b

46. On a hot spring day, fans from around the state gathered at Ohio Stadium to watch the Ohio State Football Spring Game. Due to the high temperatures, ice cream sales were very high compared to ice cream sales during a mid-November game. The correlation that exists between ice cream sales and temperature would most likely represent which kind of correlation? A. 0 Correlation (0.00) B. Strong Positive Correlation (+0.71) C. Strong Negative Correlation (-0.71) D. Moderate Negative Correlation (-0.44)

b

2. Danielle has a big exam coming up and is a bit nervous. She is about to start the exam and her stomach begins to hurt. What nervous system is causing her stomach pain? a. Enteric nervous system b. Parasympathetic nervous system c. Sympathetic nervous system d. Autonomic nervous system

a. Enteric nervous system *

47. In order to find out the impact of video games on children's intelligence, researchers have chosen dozens of children aged 6 to 8 to participate in a study and later measure their intelligence. Then researchers control the time those children playing video games and observe them for 4 years. This is an example of ___________. A. cross-sectional B. mixed longitudinal study C. longitudinal study D. cohort effects

b

9. John is at a restaurant that is very busy. There are multiple conversations going on at a time but he focuses in on the one conversation he is having. This is because of a. Selective attention b. Sensory adaptation c. Difference Threshold d. Absolute Threshold

a. Selective attention *

55. Devin spends 50% of her time asleep in REM cycle sleep. Devin is most likely a ________ a. Premature Baby b. infant c. adult/adolescents

b

63. Kim and her mother Mary were both participants in a panel study of income dynamics. Researchers tracked Mary's education, income, health, marriage, childbearing for 30 years and then did the same for Kim. This an example of what type of study? A) Cross-sectional study B) Longitudinal study C) Mixed-longitudinal design D) Meta-analysis

b

75. When the light went out, Jeremy's eyes could still see the shape of the light bulb. Which of the following theories can explain this phenomenon? A. Trichromatic theory B. Opponent process theory C. The Gestalt principle of Figure and Ground D. Depth perception

b

8. John uses his right hand to write his essay. However, John uses his left hemisphere of the brain to write with his right hand. This is due to ____. a. Nodes of ranvier b. Lateralization c. Spinal Cord d. Brain stem

b. Lateralization*

1. Julie needs glasses because she has a hard time seeing objects that are far away. What is causing Julie's vision problems? a. Hyperopia b. Myopia c. Astigmatism d. Color deficiency

b. Myopia

4. Joseph fell from a flight of stairs one night and bumped his head considerably hard on his kitchen floor. The next day, he realized that he was having trouble hearing, which he thought was very strange since he had never had hearing issues in his life. Which Lobe of the brain did Joseph most likely damage as a result of the fall? a. Temporal lobe b. Occipital lobe c. Frontal lobe d. Parietal lobe

a. Temporal lobe *

3. Tom is doing an experiment to see if people's favorite colors have a relation to their personality. He asked a group of people the same questions and records their responses. What kind of an experiment is this? a. Naturalistic observation b. Survey c. Case study d. Longitudinal study

b. Survey *

21. Ellie was on a nice, long run when she tripped on a rock and fell onto the ground. She did not feel any pain anywhere, so she hopped back to her feet and continued her run. When she got home, Ellie looked down and saw that she had cut her knee when she fell, but she did not notice at the time. What neurotransmitter likely prevented Ellie from realizing that she was hurt? a) Dopamine b) Endorphins c) Serotonin d) Acetylcholine

b

23. Ben can remember memories from before his car accident, but cannot form any new ones. He most likely has damage to which part of his brain? A .Basal Ganglia B. Hippocampus C. Thalamus D. Midbrain

b

26. Daniel wants to know if amount of sleep is related to test scores in college students. He conducts a survey and plots the data on a scatter plot. What can he use to determine if there is a correlation in his data? a. The Standard Deviation b. The Correlation Coefficient (r value) c. The mean d. The Normal Distribution

b

27. You were laying on your bed asleep then your sister enters the room after being out late slams the door on the way in which causes you to wake up. What stage of N-REM sleep were you in before you woke up? A. Stage 1 B. Stage 2 C. Stage 3 D. Stage 4

b

29. Art has a disease called Multiple Sclerosis, which impairs the white matter in his brain. His brain is not able to fire action potentials as efficiently because of damage to ____, which make up the myelin sheath. A. Neurons B. Glial Cells C. Axon D. Nodes of Ranvier

b

31. While trying out a hot yoga class, you notice you begin to sweat and crave water. These actions to promote homeostasis as well as maintain body temperature and thirst are caused by signals from what part of the brain? A Thalamus b. Hypothalamus c. Pons d. Hippocampus

b

18. After a long day of studying and exams, Noelle can't WAIT to go to sleep and hopefully have some good dreams. As soon as she gets home, she falls asleep and starts going through her sleep cycle as usual. However, about an hour and a half into her slumber, Noelle is woken up by her roommate just as she was about to score the winning goal in the big hockey game. She wakes up groggy and upset that she can't finish her dream, and asks why her roommate had to wake her up during her ___ stage of sleep. What stage was it? A) Stage 3 N-REM B) Stage 4 REM C) REM (rapid eye movement) D) REM (rambunctious eye moment)

c

19. A group of scientists are doing a study on the age of a subject and their memory. The scientists decide to follow a couple of subjects for 50 years and document the changes in memory. This is an example of what kind of study? a) Mixed longitudinal study b) Case study c) Longitudinal study d) Cross-sectional study

c

24. Kelly's dog comes inside from a rainy day and smells like wet dog. Kelly's friend comes over and complains about the smell, but Kelly tells her she can't even smell it anymore. Kelly can't smell the dog anymore due to....? A. Signal Detection Theory B. Difference Threshold C. Sensory Adaptation D. Selective Attention

c

36. Sophie has been staring at an abstract art painting for several minutes, trying to figure out what it is supposed to be. The painting is bright red and yellow. When she finally moves on to look at the next piece of abstract art— which is a plain white canvas— she sees a faint image of the painting she was looking at before in green and blue. What color theory explains this afterimage? a. Opposite eye theory b. Trichromatic theory c. Opponent process theory d. Optic tract theory

c

37. Jack is sitting on his couch in the evening relaxing. He is scrolling through instagram and has Netflix on in the background. What type of brain wave is Jack's brain probably producing? a.) Beta Wave b.) Delta Wave c.) Alpha Wave d.) Gamma Wave

c

43. Katherine has had trouble with voluntary movement control. She goes to the doctor and is diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. Damage and/or dysfunction in what part of the brain would be responsible for this? a. Cerebellum b. Amygdala c. Basal ganglia d. Pons

c

49. Racheal wants to study people's consumption habit in Columbus. She chose 200 samples age from 20-25, 200 whose age from 30-35, 200 whose age from 40-45. She will analyze how they use their money for the next five years. This is a ________ study. a) Cross-sectional b) Longitudinal c) Mixed Longitudinal d) Case

c

52. Holly is studying the diet of giraffes. In order to collect data, she went to the savanna of Africa and watched their eating habits. What type of research method is she conducting? A. Interview B. Case Study C. Naturalistic Observation D. Survey

c

57. Your bathroom scale shows your weight to be 160 lbs, while your doctor's scale states your weight to be 210 lbs. Unsure of the discrepancy you weigh yourself once more at your bathroom scale, which weights you in at 180. This means your test was not . A. Accurate B. Precise C. Reliable D. Relevant

c

58. Ellie is a part of a sleep study and has been asleep for a bit of time. On her EEG, her brain waves spike as she enters REM sleep. What type of brain wave is being shown on the EEG? a) Gamma Waves b) Delta Waves c) Beta Waves d) Alpha Waves

c

62. Throckmorton is watching a football game when Clarissa walks into the living room and asks what he wants for dinner. He doesn't respond to her multiple times and finally realizes when she shakes his shoulders that she was talking to him. What waves would show up the most on Throckmorton's EEG reading? a. Gamma b. Beta c. Alpha d. Delta

c

64. James is conducting a study but does not want to taint the results with any suggestions. James has decided that he will incorporate a placebo to make sure that both him, the other researchers and the participants cannot distinguish the real active substance. What type of procedure is James undertaking? A) Random Assignment B) Experimental group C) Double-bind procedure D) Random Assignment

c

66. Molly asked her friends to look at a picture she took and figure out which objects where small or larger in size. Showed her friends a picture of the same sized coffee mugs, with one faced further away than the other. All of her friends stated that the coffee mug placed closer was larger than the coffee mug placed further away in the picture. This is an example of which type of monocular cue? A) Linear perspective B) Texture C) Relative Size D) Occlusion

c

5. When Dorothy started to get older, she realized that her vision was getting noticeably worse. One problem she noticed was that it took her eyes longer to adjust to the words in her novel that she was reading after she was looking at the television across the room. What aging part of Dorothy's eye is most likely the reason for this problem? a. iris b. fovea c. lens d. retina

c. lens*

20. Anna is in a large group of people, and is trying to find her mother. In the distance, she sees her mother. She can tell that her mother is farther away, because she looks smaller compared to the people right in front of her. This is an example of... a) Retinal disparity b) Texture c) Occlusion d) Relative size

d

22. Emma's 6th grade teacher looks to the back of the classroom and realizes that Emma is squinting to try to read what in on the board. The teacher tells Emma to move to the front of the classroom for the remainder of class, and notices that Emma is no longer squinting to see the board. Emma likely has ___ a) Astigmatism b) Hyperopia c) Retinal disparity d) Myopia

d

25. Ron gets in a fight and is knocked unconscious. When he wakes up he notices that his vision is blurred and he is having trouble tracking objects with his eyes. What part of his brain is likely damaged? a. The Orbitofrontal Cortex b. The Cerebellum c. The Temporal Lobe d. The Occipital Lobe

d

28. Annabelle is a very shy girl. When she gives a presentation her face begins to flush, and her breathing rapidly increases. This mostly happens due to what part of the nervous system? A. Autonomic Nervous System B. Parasympathetic Nervous System C. Somatic Nervous System D. Sympathetic Nervous System

d

30. On the first day of school, Bubba is placed in the back of the classroom. His teacher begins writing things down on the board; however, Bubba cannot make out what it says but he can see his pencil clearly in front of him. So, Bubba's mom makes an appointment with the eye doctor, and Bubba is diagnosed with ___. A. Hyperopia B. Astigmatism C. Retinal Disparity D. Myopia

d

33. John's grandfather has just been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. Symptoms of Parkinson's diseases is the breakdown of being able to control voluntary movement. The portion of the brain that is most affected when this disease occurs is the __. a) Thalamus b) Reticular Formation c) Hippocampus d) Basal Ganglia

d

35. A scientist wants to test whether or not consuming caffeine right before a test will help students to score better. The scientist gathers 100 students from the same chemistry class to participate in the study, and flips a coin to decide which students will receive regular coffee and which will receive decaf. The way the scientists chose the experimental and control groups is an example of ________. a. Control groups b. Confounding variables c. A double blind procedure d. Random assignment

d

39. Jimmy recently started eating more. His mom started noticing that he is very tired most of the dya. Jimmy starts going to bed at 7 p.m.and waking up at 7a.m. every day. He seems to be a lot moodier around friends now. He goes to a doctor and gets tests done. What chemical do you think the doctor says is currently at an imbalance? A. Acetylcholine B. Endorphins C. Dopamine D. Serotonin

d

42. An artist chooses to paint a picture of a local hillside at sunset. He wants to show that the pine trees on the hillside appear larger to him than the sun in the background, so he paints the trees larger than the sun. What kind of depth perception method is this artist using? a. occlusion b. motion parallax c. retinal disparity d. relative size

d

44. William wakes up and is not able to see. He has not experienced any trauma to his head. Besides the occipital lobe, damage to what could cause blindness? a. Temporal lobe b. Medulla c. Hypothalamus d. Optic nerve

d

50. Joey got a brain injury in a car accident. After recovery, he can speak fluently. But what he says are not making sense. This is because the ________ Area located by ________ Lobe is damaged. a) Broca's; Frontal b) Broca's; Temporal c) Wernicke's; Frontal d) Wernicke's; Temporal

d

54. Science relies on __________, rather than _________. _____________ means that conclusions are based on facts, without influence from personal emotions or biases. A. subjectivity, objectivity, Subjectivity B. objectivity, objectivity, Subjectivity C. subjectivity, subjectivity, Objectivity D. objectivity, subjectivity, Objectivity

d

60. Scientists have found a factor that varies across individual values and across time, how would they call this factor? a) Correlation b) Random assignment c) Systematic observation d) Variable

d

65. After learning about measuring perception, Julie wanted to put it to the test. Without her friend Sam knowing, Julie hid a zip lock back of quarters in her coat pocket. Sam noticed right away. Later Julie hid the same bag of quarters in Sam's bookbag, this time Sam did not notice. This is an example of which type of measurement of perception? A) Perception B) Absolute Threshold C) Sensing D) Weber's Law

d

67. Anna has been having a hard time concentrating and has been having mood swings. Her job has her doing overtime so, she has only been getting 5 hours of sleep. She has also noticed that when sleeps at night she dreams more and her dreams are more intense. What stage of sleep is Anna experiencing? A) Theta B) K-complexes C) Delta D) Rapid eye movement

d

74. Some people speculate the reason why Minions are always happy is because their favorite food is bananas. Bananas help the brain produce a neurotransmitter, which involved with systems that govern movement, planning, and reward. This neurotransmitter is________. A. Serotonin B. Acetylcholine C. Norepinephrine D. Dopamine

d

10. Sally went over to her friend's house and when she first walked in, she could smell freshly baked cookies. After about twenty minutes, she no longer could smell the cookies. This is due to: a.) selective attention b.) transduction c.) absolute threshold d.) sensory adaptation

d.) sensory adaptation*