PSYCH EXAM 5

A predisposition or vulnerability to a disorder

diathesis

When Quentin was walking on the beach with his father, he believed that he had to walk in his father's footsteps in order to prevent the sun from burning his father. False beliefs such as this are considered:

delusions

Several different "people" living in the same body

dissociative identity disorder

Getting married, moving, and having a baby are examples of:

life events

Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can't afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing a(n) ________ episode.

manic

People with ________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts.

obsessive-compulsive

What is meant by the term etiology?

the cause of a disorder

What is a diathesis?

A predisposition or vulnerability to a disorder.

Which of the following people would be diagnosed with a phobia?

Amy, who has an exaggerated, unrealistic fear of being away from home.

________ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and worry that is accompanied by disturbances in behaviors.

Anxiety

Among the nearly one-half of adult Americans who develop diagnosable psychological disorders at some point in their lives, which of the following types of disorder is most prevalent?

Anxiety disorders

Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Both nature and nurture have been found to contribute to the development of schizophrenia. In his early twenties, Jim was diagnosed with schizophrenia. Which of the following demonstrates how nature could've contributed to Jim's diagnosis?

Jim's mother also has schizophrenia.

Which of the following is the best example of a compulsion?

Jordy locks his door exactly nine times every time he leaves the house to make sure it is locked.

_____ is/are categorized by feelings of euphoria, creativity, and invincibility.

Mania

_____ are recurring thoughts of danger that create anxiety; _____ are ritualistic behaviors or mental acts that aim to reduce anxiety.

Obsessions; compulsions

Flashbacks, emotional numbing, and heightened arousal are symptoms of:

PTSD

Mr. Monk is constantly worried that if he doesn't wash his hands at least 50 times a day he will develop a rare and deadly disease. Mr. Monk's habitual hand-washing is:

a compulsion.

Which of the following doubles your risk of heart disease?

a sedentary lifestyle

Schizophrenia is defined as:

a severe disorder characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, emotion, and behavior with symptoms that include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking and behavior, and negative symptoms.

A type of stress experienced by immigrants

acculturative stress

Excessive, irrational fear of being in public places

agoraphobia

Piper is terribly afraid of a number of different situations. She doesn't like riding on public busses or subways, finds open spaces very intimidating, does not like feeling "lost in a crowd," and prefers the safe and secure feeling of her own home. If these symptoms cause disruptions in her life, Piper might be diagnosed with ________.

agoraphobia

Angelique has not left her house for two years. She is completely terrified of going out. Based on this description, she is probably suffering from:

agoraphobia.

Which aspect of the Type A behavior pattern is strongly associated with heart disease?

anger/hostility

The most common mental illness in America

anxiety

What is comorbidity?

co-occurrence of two disorders

Co-occurrence of two disorders in the same individual

comorbidity

Ritualistic behavior or mental acts

compulsions

A psychological disorder is a ________.

condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Traffic, chores, and weather are examples of:

daily hassles

Lolly believes that the C.I.A. and other government agencies are trying to kill her. This is an example of a:

delusion.

Eleanor is a quiet 41-year-old housewife. Occasionally, she seems to "become" a 14-year-old male juvenile delinquent. Other times she "becomes" a 52-year-old, foul-mouthed alcoholic. Eleanor is most likely to be diagnosed with:

dissociative identity disorder.

Bad stress is known as:

distress

Cause or causes of a psychological disorder

etiology

Healthy stress is known as:

eustress

Diseases of adaptation occur in the _____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome

exhaustion

Seeing things that aren't real

hallucinations

Some people with schizophrenia report hearing voices or seeing things that are not there. These are both examples of:

hallucinations.

____ study psychological influences on health, illness, and how people respond when they become ill.

health psychologists

Which of the following is a set of symptoms or behaviors that you might see in a person diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder?

lack of regard for others' rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds

Hopelessness, a loss of interest in activities, and overeating are symptoms of:

major depressive disorder

Kyle use to love practicing his tuba, but lately he hasn't felt like playing. To make matters worse, he has lost his appetite and life seems hopeless. Which disorder would Kyle be most likely to have?

major depressive disorder

Thoughts about death, loss of appetite or overeating, insomnia or fatigue, and hopelessness are all symptoms of:

major depressive disorder.

Euphoric, high energy, talkative, no need to eat or sleep

mania

Those symptoms that involve noticeable decreases and absences in certain behaviors, emotions, or drives in those afflicted with schizophrenia are called ________ symptoms.

negative

Recurring thoughts of danger that create anxiety

obsessions

Intrusive, unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors are characteristic of:

obsessive-compulsive disorder

Whenever Fritz leaves his house, he has a nagging thought that he is forgetting something. He goes back to check that he has turned off the water and stove and locked the door. Some days, it takes Fritz more than an hour to actually leave the house. Fritz may be experiencing:

obsessive-compulsive disorder

If Laura has bipolar disorder, then she ________.

often experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania

Which of the following is a negative symptom of schizophrenia?

poor hygiene

An area of study that seeks to identify and promote those qualities that lead to greater fulfillment in our lives

positive psychology

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring Cordelia's left arm. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing ________ disorder.

posttraumatic stress

Ursula is nervous about a job interview. She gets her friend to hold a mock interview.

problem-focused coping

At the most basic level, schizophrenia is best conceptualized as a(n) ________ disorder

psychotic

Psychological disorder characterized by a "break" with reality

psychotic disorder

The second stage in the general adaptation syndrome

resistance

A psychological disorder characterized by hallucinations and delusions

schizophrenia

Which of the following is considered to be a negative symptom of schizophrenia?

social withdrawal

Sources of stress are known as:

stressors

More money increases happiness up to:

$75,000

_____ are characterized by persistent, extremely rigid, maladaptive patterns of behavior that interfere with normal social interactions

Personality disorders

Diana has borderline personality disorder. Which of the following best describes the major symptoms of her disorder?

Tendency toward mood swings and stormy relationships with other

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all dissociative disorders?

becoming split off, or separated, from one's core sense of self

Last week, Winona ended up in the hospital after a fight with her boyfriend. She swallowed a whole bottle of Tylenol after finding a text on her boyfriend's phone from one of his female classmates. Winona has always had difficulty regulating her emotions and often behaves impulsively. These symptoms can be signs of:

bipolar disorder

Mood disorder characterized by mood states that vacillate between depression and mania

bipolar disorder

Nikita experiences periods of extreme sadness that alternate with periods of euphoric or elevated mood. Based on this description, Nikita is most likely to be experiencing:

bipolar disorder.

Instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and mood, as well as impulsivity

borderline personality disorder

Phyllis cannot be alone. Her moods and behaviors are unstable, as are her relationships with other people. She often displays inappropriate and intense anger. Recently, Phyllis wrote a suicide note and offered to show it to her husband. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for her personality?

borderline personality disorder

Characterized by impulsivity, deceitfulness, and lack of empathy and remorse

antisocial personality disorder

Mason stole a variety of toys from the toy store. When his mother confronts him about his behavior, he shows no remorse and doesn't seem to fear punishment at all. His mother explains that by stealing from the store he is hurting the store owner's ability to take care of her family, but Mason shows no empathy. What mental disorder does Mason most likely have?

antisocial personality disorder

_____ is a traumatic stressor.

armed robbery