psych final
Ehab is a high school science teacher. He recently received a Teacher of the Year award for his district, but he believes he only received it because no one else bothered to apply for it. He is a popular teacher, but he is convinced the students only pretend to like him so they will get better grades. What aspect of job burnout does his exemplify?
diminished personal accomplishment
Mona works at a bank. When Luis, a Colombian man, arrives to drop off his paycheck she pretends to be busy and directs him to another teller. She does this whenever a non-White person wants assistance. This is an example of ________.
discrimination
What symptom of schizophrenia is illustrated by the following example? So bees with knees have fleas and fleas jump, I jump like a jack, Jack the Giant Killer. Giants kill and transform things and something happened, but we can't hear because our eyes are like flies that flew away.
disorganized thinking
Fidel suddenly wanders away from his home and experiences confusion about his identity. Fidel may be experiencing a(n) ________
dissociative fugue
People who reach the ________ level of stress feel burned out; they are fatigued, exhausted, and their performance begins to decline
distress
Thalia suffers from insomnia. She tries everything, and she finally develops the habit of counting backward when she wants to sleep but cannot. Thalia finds that she falls asleep much easier once she starts counting backward, so she continues to do so. ________ theory suggests that she continues this habit because it results in homeostasis.
drive
Sigmund Freud believed that personality develops ________.
during early childhood
Jory, a six year old, is picking out a card for his mother's birthday. He picks the card with a picture of Lightning McQueen, reasoning that since he loves Cars his mother does to. What does this exemplify?
egocentrism
A(n) ________ is a subjective state of being that we often describe as our feelings. A(n)________ refers to a prolonged, less intense, affective state that does not occur in response to something we experience.
emotion; mood
In Europe, what is human factors psychology called?
ergonomics
Self-worth, accomplishment, and confidence represent the ________ level of needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
esteem
A(an) ________ locus of control is the belief that our outcomes are outside of our control; an ________ locus of control is the belief that we control our own outcomes.
external;internal
Luis works part-time after school to earn money so he can afford a secondhand motorcycle. Luis is working because of ________ motivation.
extrinsic
Hans and Sybil Eysenck viewed people as having two specific personality dimensions: ________.
extroversion/introversion; neuroticism/stability
Eli seeks attention, acts first while thinking later, and prefers verbal communication. Carl Jung would describe him as a(an) ________.
extrovert
If you suggest that smiling can make someone feel happier, then you believe the ________.
facial feedback hypothesis
Which of the following are examples of the social level in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
family and friendship
Roger and Joan have passion in their relationship, and they agree they will support each other. But when it comes to sharing their thoughts, they lack intimacy. Their love is called ________.
fatuous
Which form of mentor-protégé relationship is the rarest?
female mentor-male protégé
Jade hears a rattle. When she turns around she sees a rattlesnake inches from her leg. Her pupils dilate, her heart pounds, and she begins to sweat. This response is called the ________response.
fight-or-flight
Grasping a toy, writing with a pencil, and using a spoon are all examples of ________ motor skills.
fine
Children in the ________ stage can use abstract thinking to problem solve, look at alternative solutions, and test these solutions.
formal operational
Dr. Xavier encourages his client to relax and say whatever comes to mind at the moment. Dr. Xavier is using ________ to treat his client.
free association
Miguel worries excessively about things beyond his control, and his worries often interfere with his life. He avoids driving because he worries about car accidents. He calls his parents twice a day because he worries they are dead. He checks his credit card statement three times a day because he worries about identity theft. Miguel probably suffers from ________.
generalized anxiety disorder
What is the developmental task of Erik Erikson's seventh stage of psychosocial development, in which individuals contribute to society and focus on being a part of a family?
generativity vs. stagnation
When people reach their 40s, they enter the time known as middle adulthood, which extends to the mid-60s. This involves finding their life's work and contributing to the development of others through activities such as volunteering, mentoring, and raising children. What is the primary developmental task of this stage?
generativity vs. stagnation
What does nature refer to in the nature vs. nurture debate?
genes and biology
In the ________ stage, there is a sexual reawakening as the incestuous urges resurface. The young person redirects these urges to other, more socially acceptable partners (who often resemble the other-sex parent).
genital
Which of the following is the best example of the foot-in-the-door technique of persuasion?
getting your parents to agree to cut their smoking down by a few cigarettes, then asking them to quit altogether
Balancing, running, and jumping are all examples of ________ motor skills.
gross
A ________ psychologist might investigate why people continue to smoke or eat high fat and processed food despite knowing the potential adverse health implications of such behaviors.
health
Sweating and shivering are responses created due to internal temperature fluctuations, and they are designed to bring the body back into ________.
homeostasis
________ refers to prejudice and discrimination against individuals based solely on their same-sex orientation.
homophobia
Amy is a woman who feels emotional and sexual attraction for other women but not towardsmen. Amy is ________.
homosexual
Rosetta is a master electrician. Often, she is the only woman at the construction site. Hermale coworkers frequently make sexual comments about her appearance. She complains to thesite manager, but he tells her to toughen up. What form of sexual harassment does this represent?
hostile environment
Industrial-organizational psychology is a branch of psychology that studies ________.
how human behavior and psychology affect work and how they are affected by work
Ted conducts a study regarding how walking on a treadmill instead of sitting at a desk impactsworker productivity. Ted's study is within the industrial-organizational specialty area of________ psychology.
human factors
________ psychology is the study of how workers interact with the tools of work and how to design those tools to optimize workers' productivity, safety, and health.
human factors
Dr. Banner wants his clients to learn to articulate thoughts that keep them from achieving their goals. Therefore, Dr. Banner increases their self-awareness by focusing on their conscious thoughts. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation is he using?
humanistic therapy
Sigmund Freud suggested that people who are dominated by their ________ might be narcissistic and impulsive.
id
Adolescents (ages 12-18) experiment with and develop a sense of who they are and what roles they want to play. What is the primary developmental task of this stage?
identity vs. confusion
Jasmin belongs to the chess club on her campus. She prefers to associate with other members of the chess club while avoiding people that do not belong to this group. Jasmin has a(n) ________ bias.
in-group
Over the past few years, research suggests that stress levels in the United States have________.
increased
________ psychology is specifically concerned with describing job requirements and assessing individuals for their ability to meet those requirements.
industrial
During the elementary school stage (ages 6-12), children begin to compare themselves to their peers to see how they measure up. They either develop a sense of accomplishment or they feel inadequate when they don't measure up. What is the primary developmental task of this stage?
industry vs. inferiority
People view the Environmental Protection Agency as competent and believe they know correct information regarding what individuals should do to protect the environment, so they possess ________ social influence when it comes to enforcing a group norm of recycling.
informational
Once children reach the preschool stage (ages 3-6 years), they are capable of originating activities and asserting control over their world through social interactions and play. What is the primary developmental task of this stage?
initiative vs. guilt
An infant sucking is a good example of a(n) ________.
instinct
Nicole wants a cookie. Heather has a cookie. Nicole pushes Heather and takes her cookie. Nicole doesn't intend to hurt Heather, Nicole just wants the cookie. This is an example of ________.
instrumental aggression
After age 65, most people are attempting to assess their lives and make sense of life and the meaning of their contributions. What is the primary developmental task of this stage?
integrity vs. despair
What is the developmental task of Erik Erikson's eighth stage of psychosocial development, in which an individual assesses and makes sense of her life and the meaning of her contributions?
integrity vs. despair
Cici firmly believes that every child deserves a loving parent. She becomes a foster parent because she knows that it is the right thing to do. Cici becomes a foster parent because of________ motivation.
intrinsic
Stavros is arrested for drunk driving. His prison sentence includes attending therapy sessions to treat alcohol addiction. He doesn't want to attend these sessions, but his sentence will be extended if he doesn't attend them. What kind of treatment does this describe?
involuntary
Taylor is a social worker. He is overworked, his caseload is overwhelming, and he no longer believes that what he does on a day-to-day basis has any real impact or improves anyone's life.Taylor is probably suffering from ________.
job burnout
According to the research of Lillian Gilbreth, many employees were motivated by money and________.
job satisfaction
Grace is talking with her wife, Myanna. Myanna starts crying, and Grace immediately assumes that Myanna wants a divorce. What kind of cognitive distortion is this?
jumping to conclusions
Which of the following defines antisocial personality disorder?
lack of regard for others' rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds
During which period are sexual feelings dormant as children focus on other pursuits, such as school, friendships, hobbies, and sports?
latency
Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can't afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing ________.
mania
Otto is so driven to become a school psychologist that he spends every night studying. This sentence describes the wants or needs that direct behavior toward a goal, also called ________.
motivation
Nathan has an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. He is preoccupied with fantasies of success and believes that he is entitled to special treatment from others. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nathan's personality?
narcissistic personality disorder
A developmental psychologist might use ________ to observe how children behave on a playground, at a daycare center, or in the child's own home.
naturalistic observation
Madeline is seven months old. Her mother is eating a cookie and Madeline wants some. Her mother hides the cookie under a napkin, but Madeline is not fooled. She knows the cookie is still there. What does this exemplify?
object permanence
________ are the symbols, language (jargon, slang, and humor), narratives (stories and legends), and practices (rituals) that represent the underlying cultural assumptions of an organizational culture.
observable artifacts
People with ________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts.
obsessive-compulsive
If Laura has bipolar disorder, then she ________.
often experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania
Lydia is often described as having a positive outlook on life. She assumes the best of people and situations. Lydia exemplifies ________.
optimism
According to Sigmund Freud, an adult who smokes, drinks, overeats, or bites her nails is fixated in the ________ stage of her psychosexual development.
oral
________ psychology is a discipline interested in how relationships among employees affect those employees and the performance of a business.
organizational
Jarl makes several minor mistakes during his conversational French class. Instead of thinking, "everyone makes mistakes sometimes," he thinks, "I am so stupid." What kind of cognitive distortion is this?
overgeneralization
________ delusions involve the (false) belief that other people or agencies are plotting to harm the person
paranoid
Carissa's parents let her stay up as late as she wants. She is allowed to pick out her own clothes and decide when and what she wants to eat. Her parents act more like her friends than authority figures. What kind of parenting style is this?
permissive
Food, shelter, and warmth represent ________ needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
physiological
Harlow is eight years old. She sees Dr. Gardener every Friday at 11:00 a.m. Their sessions involve Dr. Gardener watching Harlow interact with stuffed animals and other toys. What kind of psychotherapeuticorientation does this exemplify?
play therapy
Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a ________ disorder
post traumatic stress
Which of the following is an example of the alarm reaction stage of the general adaptation syndrome?
A burst of energy enables Hassan to run fast when he sees a skunk in his path.
Which of the following is a good example of a response-based definition of stress?
Bruce experiences stress because his heart rate increased when he noticed Jack had a knife.
Which of the following exemplifies the Hawthorne effect?
Cancer patients volunteer for an experimental treatment and report improved mood to the researchers during the first few days of the treatment.
Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
What does research show regarding race and ethnic differences in those who receive mental health services?
Ethnic minorities tend to utilize mental health services less frequently than White, middle-class Americans
The traits openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism are key components of the ________.
Five Factor Model
Asa is buying a gift for his mother, an overbearing woman who is difficult to please. When a clerk asks him who he is shopping for he replies, "my smother" instead of "my mother." What does this exemplify?
Freudian slip
Which of the following is an example of flight of ideas?
Gilbert talks loudly and quickly, switching topics rapidly.
Which of the following is an example of a primary appraisal of a stressor?
Humphrey judges the man with the gun to be a moderate threat.
According to research, what kind of job interview is most successful at predicting job performance?
Interviews that are structured.
Which of the following is a benefit of group therapy?
It can decrease a client's shame and isolation about a problem.
Lana is late for dinner with her parents. They don't care, but she thinks this is a catastrophe—an inaccurate view of the situation that leads her to feel bad about herself. In this example, what represents the cognitive distortion?
Lana thinking that being late for dinner is a catastrophe
Max's behavior and self-presentation is relaxed and informal with his friends. When he goes on a job interview he projects professionalism and formality with his attire and language. What would Carl Jung suggest about Max?
Max adopted a professional persona for his job interview
The ________ is composed of a series of true and false questions in order to establish an individual's clinical profile.
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Apollonia was diagnosed with major depressive disorder five years ago. She knows her mother took medicine to combat depression and she worries her daughter will experience depression too. Why?
Mood disorders have been shown to have a strong genetic and biological basis.
Which of the following is an example of self-efficacy?
Naomi believes she can successfully complete law school.
According to research, how does the public view children and teens with mental health disorders?
Over 1,300 U.S. adults believe children with depression are prone to violence
Which of the following is an example of hopelessness theory?
Rochelle has an expectation that terrible things will happen and there is nothing she can do about it
The ________ Inkblot Test employs a series of symmetrical inkblot cards that are presented to a client by a psychologist in an effort to reveal the person's unconscious desires, fears, and struggles.
Rorschach
Which of the following best exemplifies prosocial behavior?
Tyler visits his aunt once a week to bring her groceries.
Dr. Frobish possesses a ________ behavior pattern because she is an intensively driven workaholic, preoccupied with deadlines, and always seems to be in a rush
Type A
Which of the following is an example of the resistance stage of the general adaptation syndrome?
Tyrique almost falls out of the tree, but he grabs a branch, and now that the danger of falling has passed, he focuses his energy and attention on getting down from the tree safely.
Which of the following is something an advocate for arousal theory might observe?
When we are bored we look for excitement; when we are overexcited we wish for more peace.
Amir bites his fingernails. This is an example of ________, a pattern of behavior in which we regularly engage.
a habit
According to research, the need for ________ encourages Mr. Blutarski to complete a second PhD., so he can add another accomplishment to his already long list.
achievement
Marlena tells her therapist that she often feels helpless and unable to accomplish her goals. Her therapist responds by acknowledging her feelings, restating what she has told him, and clarifying the feelings behind what Marlena is expressing. What aspect of client-centered therapy is this?
active listening
Tom believes he is unable to stop gambling because his friends all gamble and are a bad influence; however, he believes that Barnaby is unable to stop gambling because Barnaby is addicted to gambling. This is an example of ________.
actor-observer bias
Which of the following is a drug that can be used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
adderall
Billie is a(n) ________ because he believes people over age 65 should have their driver's license suspended, the elderly use up important social resources, and they occupy jobs that should belong to younger, more capable people.
ageist
Svetlana admires her boss, Helga. One day Helga forgets her briefcase and Svetlana loses all admiration for Helga. Svetlana thinks that a boss is either always perfect or not worthy of admiration. What kind of cognitive distortion is this?
all-or-nothing thinking
If parents are too lenient in the ________ stage, the child might become messy, careless, disorganized, and prone to emotional outbursts.
anal
Mercy has maintained her body weight far below what is healthy through starvation and constant exercise. Mercy probably suffers from ________.
anorexia
Paxil, Prozac, and Zoloft are examples of ________.
antidepressants
Many cultures have stories about a hero who goes on a quest, such as Hercules, King Arthur, and Gilgamesh. What would Carl Jung say this exemplified?
archetype
One-year-old Ainsley learned the schema for trucks because his family has a truck. When Ainsley sees trucks on television, she says, "Look mommy, truck!" This exemplifies ________.
assimilation
A(n) ________ attack is often triggered by environmental factors, such as air pollution, allergens, cigarette smoke, airway infections, cold air or a sudden change in temperature, and exercise.
asthma
Which of the following exemplifies intrinsically motivated behavior?
attending a mosque because you believe it is the right thing to do
In the following sentence, identify the intrinsic motivation. Leela, age 16, attends free lectures at the community college because she loves to learn, she visits her grandmother to hear about her mother's childhood, and she cooks dinner and cleans the house once a week to earn her allowance.
attending free lectures because she loves to learn
Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________.
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Which childhood disorder is characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication and repetitive patterns of behavior or interests?
autism spectrum disorder
As toddlers (ages 1-3 years) begin to explore their world, they learn that they can control their actions and act on the environment to get results. What is the primary developmental task of this stage?
autonomy vs. shame/doubt
What is the developmental task of Erik Erikson's second stage of psychosexual development, in which a sense of independence in many tasks develops?
autonomy vs. shame/doubt
Marcy is 15 months old, and her father is insensitive and inattentive her needs. Marcy reacts to him the same way she reacts to a stranger—she doesn't care if he leaves the room and when he returns she is slow to notice or react. What kind of attachment is this?
avoidant
In a(an) ________, developmental psychologists collect a great deal of information from one individual in order to better understand physical and psychological changes over the lifespan.
case study
Etiology is another word for ________.
causes
Heather considers taking a new job. She focuses on the increased opportunities for promotion and the higher salary rather than her increased responsibilities; therefore, she views the new position as a ________ rather than a ________.
challenge; threat
Which of the following is the best example of a habit?
chewing on your hair to relieve stress
Lamont cares for his aging father, who suffers from dementia. This is an example of a(n) ________ stressor.
chronic
What is comorbidity?
co-occurrence of two disorders
Noticing that you have difficulty concentrating during and after periods of prolonged stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact.
cognitive
Don knows that drinking too much liquor is a costly habit that is bad for his health, but he continues to drink large amounts of liquor. He also thinks he is a smart person that makes good choices. Don feels some psychological discomfort from this contradiction, which is also called ________.
cognitive dissonance
What area are human factors psychologists researching when they study when and how people decide to respond to engine failure during flight?
cognitive task analysis
In order to overcome an eating disorder, Sevilla's therapist works to change her cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors by helping her learn to identify such behaviors. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?
cognitive-behavioral therapy
The primary therapeutic orientation used in couples counseling is ________.
cognitive-behavioral therapy
Identify the obsession in the following sentence. "Keisha is overly concerned about germs, so she spends hours wiping the surfaces of her home and washing her hands."
concern over germs
During the ________ stage, children understand events and analogies logically, and they can perform simple mathematical operations
concrete operational
A psychological disorder is a ________.
condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
Fantasia believes that people with blue eyes are somehow more creative than other people. Whenever Fantasia encounters a person that has blue eyes and is creative, she places greater importance on this evidence supporting her already existing belief. At the same time, Fantasia ignores any evidence that people without blue eyes might display exceptional creativity. This is called a ________.
confirmation bias
Ashley and Mikhail share their intimate thoughts and emotions, are physically attracted to each other, and agree to support each other. Their love is called ________.
consummate
Annaliese knows that her friend is paying an online service to write a term paper. This bothers her, but she knows that if she tells the teacher everyone will think she is a snitch. She decides her friends' approval is more important, so she says nothing about the cheating. What stage of moral reasoning does this exemplify?
conventional
Design teams for car manufacturers create new vehicle models. What type of team does this exemplify?
creative
Rush hour traffic, lost keys, obnoxious coworkers, and inclement weather are all examples of a(n) ________.
daily hassle
A high-stress job, overcrowding, and long commutes to work are examples of the way some psychologists conceptualize stress as a ________.
demanding or threatening event or situation
Ina can no longer read the street signs, but she refuses to admit she needs glasses to drive. Which defense mechanism does this exemplify?
denial
Doug is an emergency room nurse in a large, underfunded, public hospital. Lately, he finds himself assuming that the patients he sees are just trying to get free drugs to feed an addiction. Just yesterday a little boy was brought in with a broken arm, and Doug found that he was completely indifferent to the boy's pain. What aspect of job burnout does this exemplify?
depersonalization
Crawling, walking, writing, dressing, naming colors, speaking in sentences, and starting puberty are all examples of ________.
developmental milestones
Suppose you are walking down a street. A woman has fallen down, but because there are so many people around it does not occur to you that you should help. You just assume someone else is about to help her and keep walking. This is an example of ________.
diffusion of responsibility
Keegan is a police officer. She was recently placed on administrative leave because she was shot during an armed robbery. Since the shooting, she can't stop thinking about how it felt to be shot, she is often angry with her husband, she jumps when she hears a loud noise, and she takes a 15 minute detour when driving home to avoid the neighborhood where it happened. Keegan probably suffers from ________.
posttraumatic stress disorder
In the ________ stage, children use words and images to represent things, but they lack logical reasoning.
preoperational
The diagnostic teams at the Centers for Disease Control exemplify a ________ team
problem-resolution
Dr. Grimes conducts a ________ by requesting that his patient respond to ambiguous stimuli, thus revealing hidden feelings, impulses, and desires.
projective test
A school counselor leads a support group for children whose parents have AIDS. The counselor focuses on defining AIDS, discussing treatment and side effects of treatment, and how the children can develop coping mechanisms. This exemplifies ________.
psycho-educational treatment
Elena is attending mandatory therapy sessions. Her doctor just wants her to talk about her childhood. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?
psychodynamic psychotherapy
Schizophrenia is considered a ________ disorder.
psychotic
Claudia is told by her psychology professor that if she wants to receive a good grade on her final exam, she will need to come to his house for dinner and private tutoring. Claudia suspects her professor may be sexually harassing her. What form of sexual harassment does this represent?
quid pro quo
Heather and Mike share the household chores as equally as possible. They take turns with the cooking and driving their son to daycare. Both of them work outside the home, and each of them takes responsibility for child care one night a week to give the other one a break. We can say that their relationship has ________.
reciprocity
When it comes to relationships, we expect to share thoughts, feelings, and ideas in a mutual exchange called ________.
reciprocity
After Mike does not get the job he interviewed for, he moves back in with his parents and spends his days playing video games. Which defense mechanism does this exemplify?
regression
Rochelle has a glass of Kool-Aid. She pours her Kool-Aid into a toy teacup, and then she pours the Kool-Aid from the teacup into a beer stein. She then pours it from the beer stein back into the original glass. She knows the amount of Kool-Aid has not substantially changed. What does this exemplify?
reversibility
Diane and Bruce share their intimate thoughts and emotions and are physically attracted to each other, but their love does not contain any expectations beyond that. Their love is called ________.
romantic
Which of the following are good examples of the security level of needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
safety and employment
in California, undocumented migrants are often blamed for high unemployment in the state, although statistics show that high unemployment is not related to the number of illegal migrants. In this example, illegal migrants are victims of ________: the act of blaming an out-group when the in-group experiences frustration or is blocked from obtaining a goal.
scapegoating
Which psychological disorder is characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, and behavior?
schizophrenia
If you believe you will win the hot dog eating competition, then you have a sense of ________, and you are more likely to enter the hot dog eating competition.
self-efficacy
Penny gets an acting job on Friday that she attributes to her good acting. She doesn't get the next acting job; therefore, she blames the casting director for not wanting to hire a woman. This is an example of ________.
self-serving bias
Electroconvulsive therapy is effective in alleviating symptoms for people with ________.
severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy
What is the most common reason for invoking a bona fide occupational qualification(BFOQ) as a defense against an employer accused of discrimination?
sex
Dale thinks that women shouldn't work outside the home and vows never to hire a woman at his bank. Dale's attitudes and planned course of action are ________.
sexist
David attempts to minimize the costs of his relationship with Daniel while maximizing benefits. He enjoys Daniel's company, but he tries to avoid helping him move. This is an example of the ________ theory.
social exchange
Guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and tangible assistance are all examples of ________.
social support
Fatima generalizes that all men are irresponsible players, cheaters, and liars. When it comes to men, Fatima may be applying ________: negative beliefs about individuals based solely on their membership in a group.
stereotypes
The use of ________ can result in decreased appetite, difficulty sleeping, stomachache, and headache.
stimulants
For Burt, who has claustrophobia, a small dark room creates a small amount of fear, a stairwell creates a bit more fear, and an elevator creates the most fear. Burt's therapist induces deep relaxation and asks him to imagine a small dark room. Gradually, they will work up to having Burt imagine being in an elevator. What aspect of exposure therapy is this?
stimulus heirarchy
________ involves thoughts of death by suicide, thinking about or planning suicide, or making a suicide attempt.
suicidal ideation
On the advice of her therapist, Thora decides to treat her fear of heights by exposing herself to heights using a stimulus hierarchy. Which form of therapy is she using?
systematic desensitization
In Carl Jung's view, the task of integrating unconscious archetypal aspects of the self is part of ________ in the second half of life.
the self-realization process
Janeka does poorly on her psychology final, so she picks on her mother's ability to cook. A frustration aggression theorist might explain this by focusing on ________.
the way Janeka's frustration with her exam led her to be aggressive toward her mother
A stressor would be appraised as a ________ if someone anticipates that it could lead to some kind of harm, loss, or other negative consequence; however, if someone believes that it carries the potential for gain or personal growth, it would be appraised as a ________.
threat; challenge
Which of the following is an example of eustress?
training for a marathon
Hershel is a strict, goal-oriented manager. When his team achieves their daily productivity goals he rewards them with long lunches and bonus pay. When his team falls behind, he extends the work day by an hour and cuts lunch by fifteen minutes. What type of leader is Hershel?
transactional
Lucia is optimistic about goal achievement, and she encourages her team to think critically and solve problems. She is also considerate of their needs. What type of leader is Lucia?
transformational
Between birth and one year, infants are dependent on their caregivers; therefore, caregivers who are responsive and sensitive to their infant's needs help their baby to develop a sense of the world as a safe, predictable place. What is the primary developmental task of this stage?
trust vs. mistrust
Noomi seems to live by the "don't sweat the small stuff" concept. She is relaxed, laid-back, and never seems too concerned about meeting deadlines or finishing a to-do list. Noomi has a________ personality
type B
Dr. Duncan is a therapist who works with men accused of domestic violence. Although it is difficult, she does her best to be non-judgmental during therapy sessions. Which aspect of client-centered therapy is this?
unconditional positive regard
What area are human factors psychologists researching when they study when and how people decide to respond to engine failure during flight?
verbal self-promotion
What kind of team is formed when groups of geographically disparate people come together using digital communications technology?
virtual
Carlos is a small business owner. Recently, he became the primary caretaker for his aging mother. He works long hours at his business while also making sure that his mother can keep hermedical appointments and has company in the evening. This exemplifies ________.
work-family balance
An organizational psychologist studies ________.
worker satisfaction, motivation, and commitment
Which of the following exemplifies a worker-oriented approach to job analysis?
works well under pressure and in group situations
In Hippocrates theory of personality, what bodily humor was associated with choleric temperament?
yellow bile from the liver
The ________ is demonstrated by the attack on Kitty Genovese.
bystander effect
Karen Horney suggested ways in which people typically cope with day-to-day problems. According to Horney, these strategies could ________ if used rigidly and compulsively.
become neurotic strategies
Renzo's therapist helps him learn to overcome his fear of dogs through several stages of relaxation techniques. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?
behavior therapy
Cognitive processes refer to all characteristics previously learned: ________.
beliefs and expectations
The hierarchy of needs is the spectrum of needs ranging from basic ________ needs to________ needs to self-actualization.
biological; social
Mae notices that her daughter, Natalie, is extremely preoccupied with the freckles on her nose. Mae can barely see the freckles, but Natalie spends hours in front of the mirror and recently declared that her nose is deformed and she is ugly. She spent her entire weekend applying products to eliminate the freckles, and she recently announced her plans to save money for plastic surgery. Mae believes her daughter may have a ________ disorder.
body dysmporphic
Anasophia binges on chocolates then induces vomiting and then swallows laxatives. Anasophia probably suffers from ________ nervosa.
bulimia
