Psychiatric Evolve site

Laboratory work is prescribed for a client who has been experiencing delusions. When the laboratory technician approaches the client to obtain a specimen of the client's blood, the client begins to shout, "You're all vampires. Let me out of here!" The nurse present at the time should respond with which question or statement?

"Are you fearful and think that others may want to hurt you?"

A client who was recently paroled as a sex offender is in therapy for pedophilia. The client says, "I've served my sentence and I'm still in therapy, so why does this group have posters of me all over the neighborhood? It has my picture on it and tells all about me." Which would be a therapeutic response by the nurse?

"Are you saying that you understand people are afraid for their children but that you feel you are being unfairly treated?"

The nurse is collecting data on a client in crisis. Which question should the nurse ask to determine the client's perception of the precipitating event that led to the crisis?

"What leads you to seek help now?"

The nurse is gathering data from a client in crisis. When determining the client's perception of the precipitating event that led to the crisis, which is the most appropriate question to ask?

"What leads you to seek help now?"

The nurse is assigned to care for a client at risk for alcohol withdrawal. The client's spouse asks the nurse, "When will the first signs of withdrawal appear?" The nurse should give which reply?

"Within a few hours"

The nurse must choose a roommate for a client who is in a state of starvation due to anorexia nervosa. The nurse should avoid choosing which client as a roommate for the client with anorexia nervosa?

A client with pneumonia

The nurse employed in a psychiatric unit receives a client assignment for the day. Which client assigned to the nurse is at the highest risk for committing suicide?

A client with severe depression and cancer

The wife of a client who abuses alcohol tells the nurse she cannot "do it alone" any longer and asks the nurse about the availability of any free support services for "people like me." The nurse refers the client's wife to which community group?

Al-Anon

A client is admitted to the psychiatric unit after a serious suicidal attempt by hanging. What is the nurse's most important intervention to maintain client safety?

Assign a staff member to the client who will remain with him or her at all times.

The student nurse is learning about leadership and management. The student knows that which are the main styles of group leadership? Select all that apply.

Autocratic leader Democratic leader Laissez-faire leader

A licensed practical nurse (LPN) is caring for a client with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The LPN observes behaviors indicative of paranoia and reports these observations to the registered nurse (RN). The LPN assists the RN in developing a plan of care for the client and suggests inclusion of which intervention in the plan of care?

Avoid joking or laughing in the presence of the client.

The nurse is preparing a discharge plan for a client who attempted suicide. The nurse understands that the plan of care should focus on which intervention?

Contracts and immediate available crisis resources

The nurse is reading about the four different levels of anxiety. Which different categories distinguish and describe each level? Select all that apply.

Effects on problem solving 4. Effects on perceptual field Physical and other defining characteristics

A client diagnosed with schizophrenia is experiencing an acute dystonic reaction. Which interventions should the licensed practical nurse (LPN) initiate? Select all that apply.

Monitor airway. Notify the registered nurse (RN). Remain with the client to provide support. Administer a prescribed intramuscular (IM) antiparkinsonian medication.

Which are appropriate interventions for caring for the client undergoing alcohol withdrawal? Select all that apply.

Monitor vital signs. Provide a safe environment. Address hallucinations therapeutically. Provide reality orientation as appropriate.

A client tells the nurse that he is feeling out of control. The nurse observes that the client is pacing back and forth. Which approach by the nurse is appropriate to maintain a safe environment?

Move the client to a quiet room and talk about his feelings.

An emergency department nurse is caring for an older client who may have been physically abused by her son. In planning care for the client, which is the priority nursing action?

Notify the social worker to investigate the situation.

The nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with severe anxiety. Which objective data should the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply.

Oblivious to surroundings Unable to focus on anything Engaging in purposeless activity (walking around aimlessly) Showing unproductive relief behavior (stomping, wringing hands, dropping things)

A client is found to have rape-trauma syndrome. The nurse plans care for the client, knowing that rape-trauma syndrome is a condition that involves which?

Reexperiencing recollections of the trauma

The nurse is caring for a client who was recently admitted to the inpatient unit of a psychiatric hospital with a diagnosis of delusions. Which are some therapeutic communication interventions the nurse needs to use when communicating with this client? Select all that apply.

Refer to hallucinations as if they are real. 2. Ask the client directly about the hallucinations. Watch the client for cues that he or she is hallucinating, such as eyes tracking an unheard speaker, muttering, or talking to self. 6. Address any underlying emotion, need, or theme that seems to be indicated by the hallucination, such as fear with menacing voices or guilt with accusing voices.

A client is admitted to the psychiatric unit following a serious suicide attempt by a drug overdose. Which action should the nurse implement?

Remain with the client at all times.

The nurse is caring for a client who has been identified as a victim of physical abuse. In planning care for the client, which nursing action is the priority?

Removing the client from any immediate danger

The nurse is monitoring a client with a diagnosis of depression. Which behavior observed by the nurse indicates that suicide precautions should be instituted for this client?

The client asks to meet with a lawyer to take care of unfinished business.

Which behaviors observed by the nurse might lead to the suspicion that a depressed adolescent client could be suicidal?

The client gives away a DVD and a cherished autographed picture of the performer.

The nurse in the emergency department is assisting in caring for a young female victim of sexual assault. The client's physical assessment is complete, and physical evidence has been collected. The nurse notes that the client is withdrawn, confused, and at times physically immobile. Which interpretation should the nurse make of these behaviors?

They are expected reactions to a devastating event.

A client is diagnosed with schizophrenia. The nurse is asked to assist in preparing a nursing care plan for the client. Which is important for the nurse to understand when planning?

Until the client's thinking is cleared, the nurse may need to assist the client with grooming and nutrition. Until the client's thinking is cleared, the nurse may need to assist the client with grooming and nutrition. As the nurse plans care for the schizophrenic client, it is important to understand the client's developmental stage and ability to accept the disease. Because of the severe decompensation in thinking, the client lacks insight and may not even acknowledge illness. In the acute phase, the nurse will take the lead in planning for the client's basic human needs such as nutrition, hygiene, sleep, and activities of daily living (ADLs). The other situations are incorrect.

A client who is experiencing suicidal thoughts says to the nurse, "It just doesn't seem to be worth it anymore. Why not just end it all?" Which initial nursing response is appropriate?

What do you mean by that?

A client who is suicidal tells the nurse, "All I want to do is end it all." Which is the appropriate nursing response?

What do you mean by that?

A furiously angry and aggressive client was put in restraints and was told that the restraints would be removed once the client regained control. The nurse appropriately removes the restraints when which action occurs?

When no acts of aggression are observed within 1 hour after release of two extremity restraints

The nurse is gathering data from a client diagnosed with a phobia. Which are some of the clinically recognized names of common phobias? Select all that apply.

Zoophobia Xenophobia Agoraphobia Glossophobia

The nurse is caring for a client with anorexia nervosa. The nurse planning care for the client recognizes that which manifestation is likely to be present?

amenorrhea

The nurse is caring for a client who is suspected of being dependent on drugs. Which question should be appropriate for the nurse to ask when collecting data from the client regarding drug abuse?

"How much do you use and what effect does it have on you

The student nurse is being taught by the registered nurse (RN) how to collect data from a client and is attempting to obtain subjective data regarding the client's sexual reproductive status. The client states, "I don't want to discuss this; it's private and personal." Which response by the student nurse indicates a need for further teaching?

"I am the nurse and, as such, I'll have you know that all information is kept confidential."

The nurse is preparing for the hospital discharge of a client with a history of command hallucinations to harm self or others. The nurse instructs the client about interventions for hallucinations and anxiety and determines that the client understands the interventions when the client makes which statement?

"I can call my therapist when I'm hallucinating so I can talk about my feelings and plans and not hurt anyone."

The nurse is assigned to care for a client who is agitated. On entering the room, the client screams, "Why don't you just leave me alone?" The nurse should make which therapeutic response to the client?

"I can see that you are upset. I'll be back in a few minutes to see how you are doing."

A psychiatric client diagnosed with schizophrenia approaches the nurses' station and shouts, "Shut up. I told you to be quiet." Looking at the nurse, the client says, "Can't you hear them shouting at me?" Which would be the nurse's best response?

"I don't hear the voices, but I can see how upsetting it must be for you." The best response by the nurse is "I don't hear the voices, but I can see how upsetting it must be for you." The nurse would not negate the client's experience but offer his or her own perception and try to understand what the voices are saying or telling the individual to do. Hallucinations are real to the client who is experiencing them. The brain is not processing stimuli accurately. The client who is hallucinating also may be experiencing anxiety, fear, loneliness, and low self-esteem.

A hospitalized client who is experiencing delusions and has a diagnosis of schizophrenia says to the nurse, "I know that the doctor is talking to the CIA to get rid of me." Which should be the nurse's best response?

"I don't know anything about the CIA. Do you feel afraid that people are trying to hurt you?"

A client hospitalized with a paranoid disorder refuses to turn off the lights in the room at night and states, "My roommate will steal me blind." Which is an appropriate response by the nurse?

"I hear what you are saying, but I don't share your belief."

The nurse is having a therapeutic discussion with a client and knows that which statements by the client should be immediately reported to the charge nurse? Select all that apply.

"I hid my silverware from dinner last night.", "I know that by this time tomorrow all my troubles will be over."

The nurse is caring for a client who is hospitalized because of severe depression. Which statements would be most helpful in assisting this client? Select all that apply.

"I notice you are wearing a blue shirt." 2. "Do you have any plans of harming yourself?" 4. "I will sit here with you even if you choose not to talk with me."

The nurse is caring for a client who is hospitalized because of severe depression. Which statements would be most helpful in assisting this client? Select all that apply.

"I notice you are wearing a blue shirt." "Do you have any plans of harming yourself?" "I will sit here with you even if you choose not to talk with me." The statements that would be most helpful in assisting the client with severe depression include using communication observations about the client's dress and environment, especially if the client is mute. The nurse also allows time for the client to respond and sits there even if the client won't respond.

A long-term care resident with a history of paranoid schizophrenia refuses to eat and tells the nurse that she believes that someone is poisoning the food. The nurse should make which therapeutic response to the client?

"It must be frightening to you. Has something made you feel that your food is poisoned?"

A client says to the home care nurse, "I can't believe that my wife died yesterday. I keep expecting to see her everywhere I go in this house ready to plan our activities for the day." Which is the therapeutic nursing response?

"It must be hard to accept that she has passed away."

The nurse is caring for an older depressed client whose son was killed in an armed robbery after murdering two people. The client says, "I don't know what I did wrong. His dad died a hero in Vietnam when he was only 2 years old, but he's had everything. When he threw the cat up against the wall to see if it landed on its feet and stole money from me and denied it, his sister covered for him." The nurse plans to make which therapeutic response to the client?

"It seems as if you or your daughter feels regret?"

A woman whose husband died 2 months ago says to the visiting nurse, "My daughter came over yesterday to help me move my husband's things out of our bedroom, and I was so angry with her for moving his slippers from where he always kept them under his side of our bed. She doesn't know how much I'm hurting." Which statement by the nurse would be therapeutic?

"It's okay to grieve and be angry with your daughter and anyone else for a time." The therapeutic statement is the one that gives the client permission to grieve and acknowledges that anger is part of loss and that it may be aimed at the people who are trying most to help and are closest.

A 2-year-old child is a suspected victim of child abuse. The nurse is interviewing the child's parent. Which statement made by the parent indicates a characteristic associated with child abuse?

"When I tell my child to do something once, I don't expect to have to repeat it."

The nurse assists in making a plan of care for a client and is developing goals that will help the client achieve an optimal level of functioning and use resources. When the nurse enters the client's room, the client says to the nurse, "Could you ask my psychiatrist to let me have a pass for the weekend?" Which nursing response is appropriate to assist the client in achieving the goal that has been set for this client?

"When the psychiatrist arrives on the unit, I will let her know that you have a question." The appropriate nursing response is to tell the client that "when the psychiatrist arrives on the unit, I will tell her that you have a question." The nurse would become aware of the client's strengths and encourage the client to work at the optimal level of functioning.

While providing one-to-one supervision, a client who attempted suicide tells the nurse, "I can never do anything right. I'm such a loser. It didn't even work when I tried to kill myself." Which is the appropriate nursing response?

"You don't think you can ever do anything right?"

The nurse is collecting data on a client diagnosed with mild depression. The client says to the nurse, "I haven't had an appetite at all for the last few weeks." Which response by the nurse would be therapeutic?

"You haven't had an appetite at all?"

The nurse is caring for an older adult client who has recently lost her husband. The client says, "No one cares about me anymore. All the people I loved are dead." Which response by the nurse is therapeutic?

"You must be feeling all alone at this point."

A client admitted with depression states to the nurse, "My life has been such a failure; nothing I do turns out right." Which response by the nurse would be therapeutic?

"You seem very discouraged. Can you think of anything recently that went as you planned?"

During a conversation with a depressed client on a psychiatric unit, the client says to the nurse, "My family would be better off without me." The nurse should make which therapeutic response to the client?

"You sound very upset. Are you thinking of hurting yourself?"

During a group meeting, a client diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) verbalizes difficulty with maintaining realistic behavior. Which response by the nurse would be therapeutic?

"I can see that you are upset about this. Let's talk about this some more."

During data collection, which behavior should the nurse expect a client diagnosed with agoraphobia to describe?

A fear of leaving the house Agoraphobia is a fear of open spaces (i.e., leaving the house); panic attacks may occur when doing so. Option 2 describes a fear of closed spaces (claustrophobia). Option 3 describes a fear of public speaking (social phobia). Option 4 describes an obsessive-compulsive behavior.

The nurse is collecting data on a client with the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. Which findings are indicative of anorexia nervosa? Select all that apply.

A high achiever, Personality changes, Lanugo over the back and extremities

A client with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa, who is in a state of starvation, is in a two-bed hospital room. A newly admitted client will be assigned to this client's room. Which client should be an appropriate choice as this client's roommate?

A client receiving diagnostic tests The client receiving diagnostic tests is an appropriate roommate. The client with anorexia is most likely experiencing hematological complications, such as leukopenia. Having a roommate with pneumonia would place the client with anorexia nervosa at risk for infection. The client with anorexia nervosa should not be put in a situation in which he or she can focus on the nutritional needs of others or be managed by others, because this may contribute to sublimation and suppression of his or her own hunger.

A confused and disoriented client is admitted to the psychiatric unit diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The nurse initially plans to take which action with this client?

Accept the client as a person and make the client feel safe.

The nurse is educating a community group about risk factors for suicide and knows a member needs further teaching when which criteria are chosen as risk factors? Select all that apply.

Age less than 32 years Practicing a religion Married over 10 years

A client is unwilling to get out of the house for fear of "doing something crazy in public." Because of this fear, the client remains homebound except when accompanied outside by the spouse. The spouse asks the nurse, "what is the name of my wife's disorder?" Which answer should the nurse give to the spouse?

Agoraphobia Agoraphobia is a fear of being alone in open or public places where escape might be difficult. Agoraphobia includes experiencing fear or a sense of helplessness or embarrassment if a phobic attack occurs. Avoidance of such situations usually results in the reduction of social and professional interactions. Hematophobia is the fear of blood. Claustrophobia is a fear of closed-in places. Clients with somatic symptom disorder focus their anxiety on physical complaints and are preoccupied with their health.

The nurse is caring for a client with long-term Alzheimer's disease (AD). Which are some of the behavioral manifestations the nurse should expect to observe? Select all that apply.

Apraxia Aphasia Agnosia Hyperorality The behavioral manifestations of AD include apraxia, aphasia, agnosia, and hyperorality as well as confabulation and perseveration. Apraxia is loss of ability to perform purposeful movements, such as being unable to shave, dress, or perform other once-familiar and purposeful tasks. Aphasia is difficulty in the formulation of words, which may progress to the loss of language ability. Agnosia means loss of knowledge and refers to a wide range of cognitive losses. Hyperorality is the desire to taste everything, chew everything, and put everything into one's mouth.

The nurse is preparing a client for the termination phase of the nurse-client relationship. Which task should the nurse appropriately plan for during this phase?

Assist with making appropriate referrals.

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with paranoid personality disorder who is experiencing disturbed thought processes. Which best intervention should the nurse include when formulating a plan of care?

Avoid using a whisper voice in front of the client. Disturbed thought process related to paranoid personality disorder is the client's problem, and the plan of care must address this problem. The client is distrustful and suspicious of others. The members of the health care team need to establish a rapport and trust with the client. Laughing or whispering in front of the client would be counterproductive.

The nurse is admitting a client with a diagnosis of agoraphobia. Which behaviors exhibited by the client would support this diagnosis? Select all that apply.

Being on a bridge Riding in an elevator Being alone at home Travelling in an airplane Agoraphobia is intense, excessive anxiety or fear about being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult or embarrassing or in which help might not be available. Behaviors exhibited by clients with agoraphobia are being on a bridge, riding in an elevator, being alone at home, and travelling in an airplane. Other behaviors related to agoraphobia include being alone outside and travelling in a car or bus.

A hospitalized client with a history of alcohol abuse tells the nurse, "I am leaving now. I don't want help. I have other things to attend to that are more important." The nurse attempts to discuss the client's concerns, but the client dresses and begins to walk out of the hospital room. The nurse should take which action?

Call for the registered nurse.

A hospitalized client with a history of alcohol abuse tells the nurse, "I am leaving now. I have to go. I don't want any more treatment. I have things that I have to do right away." The client has not been discharged. In fact, the client is scheduled for an important diagnostic test to be performed in 1 hour. After the nurse discusses the client's concerns with the client, the client dresses and begins to walk out of the hospital room. Which is the appropriate nursing action?

Call the nursing supervisor.

The licensed practical nurse is assisting in the admittance of a client who has been involuntarily committed to the behavioral health unit. Which actions by the client before hospitalization led to the commitment? Select all that apply.

Client threatened to commit suicide. Client threatened to kidnap his spouse.

Which nursing interventions are appropriate for a hospitalized client with mania who is exhibiting manipulative behavior? Select all that apply.

Communicate expected behaviors to the client. Assist the client in developing means of setting limits on personal behavior. Follow through about the consequences of behavior in a nonpunitive manner. Be clear with the client regarding the consequences of exceeding limits set regarding behavior.

A client is admitted to the psychiatric unit with a diagnosis of bipolar affective disorder and mania. The nurse identifies which signs/symptoms or behaviors as requiring immediate intervention?

Constant physical activity and poor oral intake Immediate intervention is required when the nurse identifies constant physical activity and poor oral intake in the client with bipolar affective disorder and mania. Mania is a period when the mood is predominantly elevated, expansive, or irritable. The client's mood may be characterized by excitement, euphoria, hyperactivity, excessive energy, decreased need for sleep, and impaired ability to concentrate or complete a single train of thought. Each of the signs/symptoms of behavior is reflective of possible signs/symptoms of mania. However, option 1 identifies the priority, a physiological need.

A client on the mental health unit is exhibiting distancing and does not speak to his/her family or visitors. Which are some other adverse relationship patterns? Select all that apply.

Cutoffs. Conflict Over involvement

A client is admitted to the mental health unit with a diagnosis of possible somatic symptom disorder. Besides anxiety, the nursing assessment is especially important in identifying which client signs/symptoms are contributing to the somatic symptom disorder? Select all that apply.

Depression 2. Substance abuse Adverse childhood events 5. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

A client experiencing a severe major depressive episode is unable to address activities of daily living. Which is the appropriate nursing intervention?

Feed, bathe, and dress the client as needed until the client can perform these activities independently. The client with depression may not have the energy or interest to complete activities of daily living. Often, severely depressed clients are unable to perform even the simplest activities of daily living. The nurse assumes this role and completes these tasks with the client.

The nurse is working with a client who is delusional. The client says to the nurse, "The leaders of a religious cult are being sent to assassinate me." Which is the best response by the nurse?

I don't know about a religious cult. Are you afraid that people are trying to hurt you?" When planning care for this client, the nurse would provide assistance with grooming and nutrition until the client's thinking is cleared. In the acute phase of schizophrenia, the nurse must assume responsibility for planning the client's basic human needs, such as nutrition, hygiene, sleep, and activities of daily living. As the nurse plans care for the schizophrenic client, it is important to understand the client's developmental stage and ability to accept the disease. The client lacks insight and may not be aware of the illness because of the severe decompensation in thinking.

A depressed client verbalizes feelings of low self-esteem and self-worth typified by statements such as "I'm such a failure. I can't do anything right!" Which action should the nurse take?

Identify recent behaviors or accomplishments that demonstrate skill or ability.

The nurse in the mental health clinic hears a client yelling and threatening to hurt his sister. The nurse reports this episode to the mental health therapist. Which should the nurse anticipate the therapist to do? Select all that apply.

Identify the specific person being threatened. Take appropriate action to protect the identified victim. Assess and predict the client's danger of violence toward another. When a therapist determines that a client presents a serious danger of violence to another, the therapist has the duty to protect that other person. Most states currently have similar laws regarding the duty to protect third parties of potential life threats. The duty to protect usually includes assessing and predicting the client's danger of violence toward another, identifying the specific person(s) being threatened, and taking appropriate action to protect the identified victims. Taking appropriate action might include calling and warning the intended victim, the victim's family, or the police or taking whatever steps are reasonably necessary under the circumstances.

A client is admitted to a psychiatric unit for observation following severe anxiety attacks. On admission, the client states, "There's nothing wrong with me. I shouldn't even be here. I am taking up a room, and there is probably someone else who really needs it." Although the nurse interprets this response as denial, which findings support a severe level of anxiety? Select all that apply.

Inability to think clearly Inability to problem solve As anxiety progresses to severe levels, an individual's ability to think clearly and to solve problems becomes progressively impaired. Common physical signs/symptoms of anxiety are increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure (BP), sweaty palms, trembling, urinary frequency, diarrhea, a tight sensation in the chest, and difficulty breathing. A person in a panic state may misperceive surrounding events altogether and may react.

The nurse is assigned to care for a client admitted to the hospital after sustaining an injury from a house fire. The client attempted to save a neighbor involved in the fire, but despite the client's efforts, the neighbor died. Which action should the nurse take to enable the client to work through the meaning of the crisis?

Inquiring about the client's feelings that may affect coping The client must first deal with feelings and negative responses before the client is able to work through the meaning of the crisis.

An oriented client is scheduled to have aversion therapy to change behavior. Before initiating any aversive protocol, the therapist, treatment team, or society must answer which questions? Select all that apply.

Is it in the best interest of society? Does its use violate the client's rights? Is this therapy in the best interest of the client? Aversion therapy, also known as aversion conditioning or negative reinforcement, is a technique used to change behavior. In this therapy, a stimulus attractive to the client is paired with an unpleasant event in hopes of associating the stimulus with negative properties. Before beginning this therapy, the following questions must be answered by the therapist, treatment team, or society: (1) Is the therapy in the best interest of society? (2) Does it violate the client's rights? (3) Is it in the best interest of the client? If aversion therapy is chosen as the most appropriate treatment, ongoing supervision, support, and evaluation of those administering it must occur.

The nurse is caring for a client who verbalizes a need to increase her self-esteem. Which action should the nurse plan to assist the client in achieving the goal of gaining self-esteem?

Maintain a well-groomed appearance. The client may demonstrate an increased feeling of self-esteem through maintaining a well-groomed outward appearance. Options 1 and 4 focus on negative issues and would be avoided.

The nurse caring for a client who has been diagnosed with stage 3 Alzheimer's disease should expect to observe which behaviors in this client? Select all that apply.

Misplacing a valuable object, Difficulty coming up with the right word

The nurse is assisting in a group therapy session. Besides cost savings, which advantages does group therapy have over individual therapy? Select all that apply.

Mutual learning Increased feedback Instilling a sense of belonging An opportunity to practice new skills in a relatively safe environment

The nurse is collecting data on a newly admitted client with conversion disorder. The nurse knows which voluntary motor or sensory function deficits might be present in this client? Select all that apply.

Paralysis Blindness Paresthesia Movement disorder

A client who has successfully adjusted to a colostomy declines the invitation to speak to a support group on the subject of alteration in body image. The client reports an extreme fear of public speaking. The nurse recognizes that this client is suffering from social phobia. Which are some other manifestations of social phobias? Select all that apply.

Performing badly on stage Looking awkward while eating or drinking in public Not being able to answer questions in a classroom Fear of saying something that sounds foolish in public

The parents of a teenager diagnosed with anorexia nervosa ask the nurse what part they can play during the long recovery period. The nurse accurately relates that which actions should the parents take?

Planning a non-food related activity Anorexia nervosa is characterized by the client's refusal to maintain minimal body weight or eat adequate quantities of food. There is a disturbance in the perception of body shape and size and an extreme fear of becoming fat. The client strives for perfection and control by controlling caloric intake. These clients may act immaturely and are socially insecure and exhibit fluctuating moods. The family should plan (non-food related and non-exercise related) activities that provide support to the adolescent (e.g., discussing a homework assignment). Power struggles and discussions of food should be avoided. A non-exercise activity should be planned, not a strenuous day on the beach.

Milieu therapy is prescribed for a client on the psychiatric unit. The nurse knows that besides overcrowding on the unit, milieu characteristics conducive to violence include which factors? Select all that apply.

Poor limit setting Staff inexperience Provocative or controlling staff Arbitrary revocation of privileges Besides overcrowding on the psychiatric unit, milieu characteristics conducive to violence include poor limit setting, staff inexperience, provocative or controlling staff, and arbitrary revocation of privileges. Milieu therapy provides a safe environment that is free of violence and adapted to the individual client's needs and provides greater comfort and freedom of expression than has been experienced in the past by the client. All members contribute to the planning and functioning of the setting.

The nurse collecting data from a 35-year-old client determines that the client has gained more than 100 pounds in an 18-month period. The client confided in the nurse that she was sexually molested at the age of 7 and began putting on weight after that time. The client presently weighs 422 pounds. The nurse determines that obesity for this client most likely represents which reason?

Protection from the risk of intimacy

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of depression. The nurse monitors for signs of constipation and urinary retention, knowing that these problems are likely caused by which situation?

Psychomotor retardation and side effects of medication

The nurse on the mental health unit is caring for a client with a history of alcoholism. Aversion conditioning has been chosen as the treatment for this client because other less drastic measures have failed to produce the desired effects. Which are some paradigms or clear examples of aversion conditioning? Select all that apply.

Punishment (e.g., punishment applied after the client has had an alcoholic drink) Avoidance training (e.g., client avoids punishment by pushing a glass of alcohol away within a certain time limit) Pairing of a maladaptive behavior with a noxious stimulus (e.g., pairing the sight and smell of alcohol with electric shock), so that anxiety or fear becomes associated with the once-pleasurable stimulus When working with a client diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, the nurse must limit the amount of rigorous exercise that the client performs while providing for appropriate types and amount of exercise. Clients with anorexia nervosa frequently are preoccupied with rigorous exercise and push themselves beyond normal limits to work off caloric intake, which causes further deterioration of the physical state. The other nursing actions are inappropriate.

The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with a dissociative disorder. Which interventions should the nurse use in providing care for the client? Select all that apply.

Request that the client perform undemanding, self-care tasks. Reinforce teaching the client techniques to maintain present reality. Assist the client to reestablish relationships with significant others.

The student nurse is studying the cellular composition of the brain composed of approximately 100 billion neurons or nerve cells. Although neurons come in a great variety of shapes and sizes, all carry out the same three types of physiological actions. Which are these types of actions? Select all that apply.

Respond to stimuli Conduct electrical impulses Release chemicals called neurotransmitters

The nurse in the mental health unit reviews the therapeutic and nontherapeutic communication techniques with a nursing student. Which are therapeutic communication techniques? Select all that apply.

Restating Listening Maintaining neutral responses Providing acknowledgment and feedback

The nurse is assisting in preparing a plan of care for a client with an autistic disorder. A behavior modification approach (operant conditioning) is being used to care for the client to improve communication. Which action would be appropriate for the nurse to suggest including in the plan of care?

Reward the client when a desired behavior is performed.

The nurse on the mental health unit is collecting data on a client diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The nurse expects to note which behavioral characteristics of OCD? Select all that apply.

Rigidity Inflexibility Repetitive thoughts Ritualistic behavior

The nurse is admitting a client who has a history of bipolar disorder to the hospital, and the primary health care provider has indicated that the client is currently in the manic phase. Which actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? Select all that apply.

Set limits on behavior. Distract or redirect the client. Decrease environmental stimulation. Provide high caloric nutritional intake.

A client with a potential for violence is exhibiting agitated behavior. The client is using aggressive gestures and making belligerent comments to the other clients and is pacing continually in the hallway. The nurse is considering seclusion and restraints for this client even though staffing is lacking for close supervision and direct observation. Which are some contraindications to seclusion and restraints without close supervision and observation? Select all that apply.

Severe suicidal tendencies Extremely unstable medical and psychiatric conditions Desire for punishment of client or convenience of staff Delirium or dementia leading to inability to tolerate decreased stimulation Severe drug reactions or overdoses or need for close monitoring of drug dosages

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder who continuously complains of a severe headache. Which interventions are most appropriate when planning care for this client?

Shift the focus from the client's somatic concerns to feelings and coping skills. The most appropriate intervention when planning care for a client with somatization disorder is to shift the focus from the client's somatic concerns about headaches to feelings and effective coping skills. A somatization disorder is characterized by multiple physical complaints involving numerous body systems. The cause of the complaints is presumed to be psychological.

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed as having a psychomotor retarded depression. Based on this condition, the nurse should expect to note which behavior in the client?

Slowed walking and talking

Which nursing interventions are most helpful when caring for a client who is displaying signs/symptoms of panic level anxiety? Select all that apply.

Speak slowly, Use simple statements, Provide the client with high-calorie beverages.

A client admitted with depression 3 days ago could hardly get out of bed without coaxing and needed constant encouragement to get dressed and participate in unit activities. Today the client appears in the dayroom dressed and well groomed, without any guidance from the staff. The client appears to be calm and relaxed, yet more energetic than before. The nurse should take which initial action after noting this client's behavior?

Speak to the client personally about the nurse's observations and ask if the client is thinking about suicide. The nurse's initial action after noting this client's behavior is to speak to the client personally about the nurse's observations and ask if the client is thinking about suicide. A sudden improvement in a depressed client's mood may indicate that the client has decided to commit suicide. The most direct way to validate the nurse's impression is to ask the client directly about suicidal ideation or plans.

An adolescent is returning home after an acute psychiatric hospitalization following a suicide attempt. Which action would be least helpful in preparing the client to return to a safe and effective care environment?

Suggest that the mother's boyfriend move out of the home.

The nurse having strong negative feelings toward a fellow employee tends to use the defense mechanism of projection. This nurse is likely to react to a disagreement with this fellow employee by which action?

Telling a friend that this employee hates her The nurse is likely to react to a disagreement with a fellow employee by telling a friend that this employee hates her. The defense mechanism of projection is an unconscious process that rejects emotionally unacceptable feelings to other people, objects, or situations and casts the blame onto another.

The nurse reviews the plan of care for a suicidal client admitted to the hospital. The nurse notes documentation of the client's loss of a spouse, which occurred several years ago. The client progresses well and is approaching discharge. Which is an appropriate goal for this client's care?

The client verbalizes stages of grief and plans to attend a community grief group.

A client with a history of depression and several suicide attempts is admitted to the mental health unit reporting severe suicidal thoughts. The nurse would focus the initial data collection on which information?

The presence of existing suicidal thoughts

A client with delirium becomes agitated and confused at night. The best initial intervention by the nurse is which action?

Use a night light and turn off the television. It is important to provide a consistent daily routine and a low-stimulation environment when the client is agitated and confused. Noise levels including a radio and television may add to the confusion and disorientation. Moving the client next to the nurses' station is not the initial intervention.

The nurse notes that a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) appears anxious and is reluctant to ask questions. Which action should the nurse take to best address these observations?

discuss common fears and questions expressed by other clients with the same diagnosis

The nurse is preparing a care plan for the client with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The nurse should focus on which as the primary means to accomplish work with this client?

goals and objectives

A client who was admitted to the mental health unit 1 month ago with agoraphobia is cooperative, sharing with peers, and makes appropriate suggestions during group discussions. The nurse concludes that this client's behavior is most consistent with which behavior?

improvement

The nurse reviews the treatment prescribed for a client with a mental health disorder. The nurse understands that a form of psychotherapy in which the client enacts situations that are of emotional significance is identified by which term?

psychodrama

The nurse caring for a client with schizophrenia prepares to document which signs/symptoms exhibited by the client as negative? Select all that apply.

Avolition Anergia

An adolescent client is admitted to the inpatient unit after medical stabilization for an overdose of acetaminophen. The history identifies that her boyfriend broke up with her 2 weeks ago and that she hasn't been eating well, resulting in a loss of 15 pounds. The nurse assists in developing a plan of care that includes which interventions? Select all that apply.

Making nutritious snacks available anytime Providing meals on an isolation tray that contains plastic utensils Ensuring that her diet consists of bland, easy-to-digest foods and beverages

A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of major depression. During the admission interview, the nurse determines that a major concern is the client's poor nutritional intake. Which nursing intervention related to poor nutrition should be the initial choice?

Offer the client several small, frequent meals daily, and schedule brief nursing interactions with the client during these times.

The nurse notices a "paranoid stare" during a conversation with the client diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The client then begins to fidget and gets up to pace around the room. Which action by the nurse would be most beneficial?

Share the observation with the client and help the client recognize his or her feelings.

A client who attempted suicide by overdosing with a very large number of antidepressant pills has been admitted to the psychiatric unit. The nurse, being most concerned with the client's safety, should take which action?

Stay with the client at all times.

The nurse notes documentation in a client's record that the client is experiencing delusions of persecution. The nurse recognizes that these types of delusions are characteristic of which thoughts?

The false belief that one is being singled out for harm by others A delusion is a false belief held to be true even when there is evidence to the contrary. A delusion of persecution is the thought that one is being singled out for harm by others. A delusion of grandeur is the false belief that he or she is a very powerful and important person. A delusion of jealousy is the false belief that one's partner is being unfaithful.

An unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) is assigned to work with the nurse to care for a client who is at risk for suicide. Which statement made by the UAP indicates to the nurse that the UAP understands suicide?

"Discussing suicide with a client is not harmful."

The nurse is collecting data on a client who is actively hallucinating. Which nursing statement would be therapeutic at this time?

"Sometimes people hear things or voices others can't hear."

The nurse is caring for a client who says, "I don't want you to touch me. I'll take care of myself!" The nurse should make which therapeutic response to the client?

"Sounds like you're feeling pretty troubled by all of us. Let's work together so you can do everything for yourself as you request."

A client states to the nurse, "I haven't slept at all the last couple of nights." The nurse should make which therapeutic response to the client?

"Tell me about your difficulty sleeping."

The nurse informs a client with an eating disorder about group meetings with Overeaters Anonymous. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching about this self-help group?

"The leader of this self-help group is a nurse or psychiatrist.

The nurse working in a detoxification unit is admitting a client for alcohol withdrawal. The client's spouse states, "I don't know why I don't get out of this rotten situation." Which would be a therapeutic response by the nurse?

"What aspects of this situation are the most difficult for you?"

The spouse of a client admitted to the hospital for alcohol withdrawal says to the nurse, "I should get out of this bad situation." The most helpful response by the nurse should be which statement?

"What do you find difficult about this situation?"

A client with depression who has attempted suicide says to the nurse, "I should have died. I've always been a failure. Nothing ever goes right for me." The nurse should make which therapeutic response to the client?

"You've been feeling like a failure for a while?"

A client with a diagnosis of a recurrent major depression, exhibiting psychotic features, is admitted to the mental health unit. In an attempt to create a safe environment for the client, the nurse designs a plan of care that deals specifically with which aspect of the client's disorder?

Altered thought processes

A client is scheduled to have electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Which information should the nurse tell the client?

Amnesia of events occurring near the period of the therapy is common.

The nursing student is asked to identify the characteristics of bulimia nervosa. Which characteristic if identified by the student indicates a need to further research the disorder?

Body weight well below ideal range

The nurse is caring for a client with depression in the mental health unit who is refusing to take the prescribed oral antidepressant. Which are the nurse's best actions in response to this client's medication refusal? Select all that apply.

Document the refusal of medication. Notify the registered nurse. Ask the client why he is refusing the medication.

A manic client is placed in a seclusion room after an outburst of violent behavior, including physical assault on another client. As the client is secluded, which action should the nurse perform?

Inform the client that she is being secluded to help regain control of herself.

The nurse is monitoring the behavior of the client and understands that the client with anorexia nervosa manages anxiety by which action?

Observing rigid rules and regulations

The day nurses in a psychiatric unit are receiving report from the night shift. During report, a client approaches the nurses' station, becomes very loud and angry, and demands to be seen by the primary health care provider immediately. Which nursing intervention is appropriate?

Offer to assist the client to an examination room until the primary health care provider is notified.

The nurse reviews the activity schedule for the day and determines that which supervised activity is the best option for the manic client?

Ping-pong

The psychiatric nurse knows that a therapeutic nurse-client relationship includes which specific goals and functions? Select all that apply.

Promoting self-care and independence Facilitating communication of distressing thoughts and feelings Helping clients examine self-defeating behaviors and test alternatives Assisting clients with problem solving to help facilitate activities of daily living

The nurse is caring for a client in the acute manic stage of bipolar disorder and plans to use which interventions to assist in maintaining a safe environment? Select all that apply.

Provide high-calorie finger foods. Decrease the light and noise level on the unit. Restrict the client's access to money and other valuables.

A client is scheduled to have electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Which problem should the nurse include in the plan as a priority?

Risk for aspiration

The nurse is working with a victim of rape in a clinic setting and assists in developing a plan of care for the client. Which is an inappropriate short-term initial goal?

The client will resolve feelings of fear and anxiety related to the rape trauma. The appropriate short-term initial goal is the client will resolve feelings of fear and anxiety related to the rape trauma. Short-term goals would include the beginning stages of dealing with the rape trauma. Clients will be expected initially to keep appointments, participate in care, begin to explore feelings, and begin to heal physical wounds that were inflicted at the time of the rape.

The licensed practical nurse is assisting the registered nurse in admitting a client with an exacerbation of schizophrenia and knows that which signs/symptoms displayed by the client are considered positive symptoms? Select all that apply.

- Hallucinations - Delusions - Neologisms The positive signs/symptoms of schizophrenia include alterations in thought (delusions); alterations in speech clang associations, word salad, neologisms, and echolalia; alterations in perception (hallucinations); and alterations in behavior that include rigid demeanor, rituals, and eccentric dress and grooming. These signs/symptoms are not normally present and are associated with an acute onset and respond well to medication.

The registered nurse has written an outcome statement of, "Client will feel less anxious by the end of session," for a client with generalized anxiety disorder. Which interventions should the licensed practical nurse use to assist this client in meeting this goal? Select all that apply.

- Stay with the client - Administer anxiolytics medications if prescribed. - Ensure the client is in an environment with little stimuli.

The nurse is collecting data on a client who is actively hallucinating. Which nursing statement would be therapeutic at this time?

1. "I know you feel 'they are out to get you,' but it's not true." 2. "I can hear the voice and she wants you to come to dinner." *3. "Sometimes people hear things or voices others can't hear."* 4. "I talked to the voices you're hearing and they won't hurt you now." *rationale* It is important for the nurse to reinforce reality with the client. Options 1, 2, and 4 do not reinforce reality but reinforce the hallucination that the voices are real.

The nurse is monitoring a client with anorexia nervosa. Which statement by the client would indicate to the nurse that treatment has been effective?

"My friends and I went out to lunch today."

The nurse is caring for a client with schizophrenia who states, "I decided not to take my medication because I realize that it really can't help me. Only I can help me." Which nursing response would be therapeutic?

"Do you recall needing to be hospitalized because you stopped your medication?" Noncompliance with antipsychotic medication is one of the chief reasons that clients with schizophrenia have relapses. Asking the client, "Do you recall needing to be hospitalized because you stopped your medication?" is a therapeutic response. The nurse teaches the client with schizophrenia to identify the causes of relapse.

An adolescent who has been reported for drawing sexually explicit scenes in her school textbooks says to the psychiatric nurse, "I just felt like it." Which response is therapeutic for the nurse to make in order to assess abuse-related symptoms?

"I am concerned about you. Are you now or have you ever been abused?" The behaviors that this child engaged in provide a warning signal of distress. Option 4 is the only statement that specifically addresses abuse.

The nurse working the evening shift is assisting clients in getting ready to go to sleep. A client diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) becomes upset and agitated and asks the nurse to sit down and talk. Which response by the nurse would be best at this time?

"I can see that you're upset. I'm willing to listen."

The psychiatric nurse is greeted by a neighbor in a local grocery store. The neighbor says to the nurse, "How is Carol doing? She is my best friend and is seen at your clinic every week." Which is the appropriate nursing response?

"I cannot discuss any client situation with you."

The nurse is providing care for a client admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of anxiety disorder. The nurse is talking with the client, and the client says, "I have a secret that I want to tell you. You won't tell anyone about it, will you?" Which is the appropriate nursing response?

"I cannot promise to keep a secret."

The nurse is monitoring a client who is in seclusion. Which statement would indicate that the client is safe to come out of seclusion?

"I don't feel like hurting myself anymore."

An older client is a victim of elder abuse, and the client's family has been attending weekly counseling sessions. Which statement by the abusive family member indicates that he or she has learned positive coping skills?

"I feel better able to care for my father now that I know where to obtain assistance."

A client who was hospitalized for depression is being prepared by the nurse for discharge. In evaluating the coping strategies learned during hospitalization, the nurse should recognize which statement by the client is an indication that further teaching is needed?

"I know that I won't become depressed again."

The nurse determines that the wife of an alcoholic client is benefiting from attending an Al-Anon group when the nurse hears the wife make which statement?

"I no longer feel that I deserve the beatings my husband inflicts on me."

A 15-year-old client who is pregnant and unwed, says, "My life was unbearable before I met Johnny. My mother beats me up every day and my dad has been sleeping with me since I was 10 years old!" Which response is appropriate for the nurse to make?

"It seems that you needed help to separate from your family. Do you feel you are ready to have a baby with Johnny?"

A client is admitted to the in-patient unit and is being considered for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The client appears calm, but the family is hypervigilant and anxious. The client's mother begins to cry and states, "My child's brain will be destroyed. How can the doctor do this?" The nurse should make which therapeutic response?

"It sounds as though you have some concerns about the ECT procedure. Why don't we sit down together and discuss any concerns you may have?"

The nurse awakens a client on the inpatient psychiatric unit for breakfast. The client replies, "Do you realize it's Sunday? I've worked hard here all week and this is my day of rest. I'll get up at 11:30." Which would be the nurse's best response?

"Let me know if you change your mind and I'll get you something to eat."

A client is being seen at the primary care clinic for her annual gynecological examination. Which client statements are most likely associated with potential intimate partner abuse? Select all that apply.

"My husband always brings me flowers and apologizes after he hits me." "I have bruises all over my body. I am frequently clumsy and fall a lot." "My boyfriend yells and accuses me of having an affair if I am late after work."

The nurse has been caring for a client with a diagnosis of depression. The client says to the nurse, "I wish you would just be my friend." The appropriate response by the nurse is which?

"Our relationship is a therapeutic and helping one."

A client is being encouraged to attend music therapy as part of the individual plan of care. The client refuses to attend and states that he "cannot sing." Which response by the nurse is therapeutic?

"Perhaps you could just enjoy the music without singing."

A female victim of a sexual assault is being seen in the crisis center. The client states that she still feels "as though the rape just happened yesterday," even though it has been a few months since the incident. Which nursing response is appropriate?

"Tell me more about what causes you to feel like the rape just occurred."

The mother of 6-year-old twins says to the nurse, "My mother-in-law doesn't think our children should come to the funeral service for their grandfather. What do you advise?" Which response made by the nurse would be most appropriate?

"What do you and your husband believe is the right thing for your children?"

A client with a potential for violence is exhibiting agitated behavior. The client is using aggressive gestures and making belligerent comments to the other clients and is pacing continually in the hallway. Which comments by the nurse would be therapeutic at this time?

"What is causing you to become agitated?"

The nurse observes that a client with a potential for violence is agitated, pacing up and down in the hallway, and making aggressive and belligerent gestures at other clients. Which statement is appropriate to make to this client?

"What is causing you to become agitated?"

A client who has just received a diagnosis of asthma says to the nurse, "This condition is just another nail in my coffin." Which response by the nurse is therapeutic?

"You seem very distressed over learning you have asthma."

A client who is diagnosed with pedophilia and recently has been paroled as a sex offender says, "I'm in treatment and I have served my time. Now this group has posters all over the neighborhood with my photograph and details of my crime." Which is an appropriate response by the nurse?

"You understand that people fear for their children, but you're feeling unfairly treated?"

A client says to the nurse, "I'm going to die, and I wish my family would stop hoping for a 'cure'! I get so angry when they carry on like this! After all, I'm the one who's dying." Which therapeutic response should the nurse make to the client?

"You're feeling angry that your family continues to hope for you to be 'cured'?"

The nurse is caring for a client with seasonal affective disorder (SAD). Which type of therapy is considered a first-line treatment for this disorder?

Light therapy

The nurse is assisting with creating a plan of care for the client in a crisis state. When developing the plan, the nurse should consider which about a crisis response?

A client's response to a crisis is individualized, and what constitutes a crisis for one person may not constitute a crisis for another person. Although each crisis response can be described in similar terms as far as presenting symptoms are concerned, what constitutes a crisis for one person may not constitute a crisis for another person because each is a unique individual. Being in a crisis state does not mean that the client is suffering from an emotional or mental illness.

The nurse is caring for a client who has been treated with long-term antipsychotic medication. The nurse plans to monitor for tardive dyskinesia. Which signs should the nurse observe with tardive dyskinesia?

Abnormal movements and involuntary movements of the mouth, tongue, and face Tardive dyskinesia is a severe reaction associated with the long-term use of antipsychotic medication. The clinical manifestations are abnormal movements (dyskinesia) and involuntary movements of the mouth, tongue, and face. In its more severe form, tardive dyskinesia involves the fingers, arms, trunk, and respiratory muscles. When this occurs, the medication is discontinued.

A client who has been drinking alcohol on a regular basis admits to having "a problem" and is asking for assistance with the problem. The nurse should encourage the client to attend which community group?

Alcoholics Anonymous

A client in a manic state emerges from her room. The client is dressed in a low-cut blouse and a miniskirt. She is not wearing underwear and she proceeds to sit on a male client's lap and begins to make sexual remarks and gestures to the male client. The nurse should take which action?

Approach the client quietly, take her to her room, and assist her in getting dressed.

The nurse is planning care for a client who is being hospitalized because the client has been displaying violent behavior and is at risk for potential harm to others. The nurse should avoid which intervention in the plan of care?

Assigning the client to a room at the end of the hall to prevent disturbing the other clients The client should be placed in a room near the nurses' station and not at the end of a long, relatively unprotected corridor. The nurse should not isolate himself or herself with a potentially violent client. The door to the client's room should be kept open, and the nurse should never turn away from the client. A security officer or male aide should be within immediate call in case the possibility of violence is suspected.

The nurse is collecting data from a client who has recently been violently raped. Which data indicates that the client is experiencing rape-trauma syndrome?

Client reports nightmares involving being stalked when alone at night.

The nurse enters a client's room, and the client immediately demands to be released from the hospital. During review of the client's record, the nurse notes that the client was admitted 2 days ago for the treatment of an anxiety disorder and that the admission was a voluntary one. The nurse reports the findings to the registered nurse (RN) and expects that the RN will take which action?

Contact the primary health care provider (PHCP).

A client is admitted to a psychiatric unit for treatment of a psychotic disorder. The client is at the locked exit door and is shouting, "Let me out! There's nothing wrong with me! I don't belong here!" The nurse identifies this behavior as which defense mechanism?

Denial

The nurse is monitoring a client with a history of opioid abuse for signs/symptoms of withdrawal. The nurse monitors this client for which signs/symptoms associated with opioid withdrawal?

Depression, high drug craving, fatigue with altered sleep (insomnia or hypersomnia), agitation, and paranoia

The nurse is assisting in developing a plan of care for a paranoid client who experiences religious delusions. Which short-term goal would be most appropriate?

Develops a relationship to help reduce the frequency of the delusions

The nurse is assessing a client who takes antipsychotic medication for which signs/symptoms that might indicate the development of neuroleptic malignant syndrome? Select all that apply.

Diaphoretic Temperature of 104.8° F Blood pressure of 210/130 mm Hg

A client who excessively uses alcohol and who is motivated to stop tells the nurse, "I know that there is a medication that can help people like me quit drinking." Which medication should the nurse explain is available for this purpose?

Disulfiram (Antabuse)

A mental health nurse caring for a client diagnosed with mania selects which activity for this client?

Going for a walk with staff

The nurse is collecting data from a newly admitted client recently diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. Which data provided by the client best supports the nurse's concern that the client is not using effective coping skills?

Driving under the influence (DUI) conviction resulted in a 1-year suspended license

In planning activities for the depressed client, especially during the early stages of hospitalization, which action is best?

Encourage the client to participate in a structured daily program of activities.

The nurse is assisting in conducting a group therapy session. A client who has shared with the group at a previous session that she isolates herself when she feels depressed, suddenly gets up to leave. Which nursing action is appropriate?

Encourage the client to stay and ask the client what she is feeling.

A manic client announces to everyone in the dayroom that a stripper is coming to perform that evening. When the psychiatric nurse's aide firmly states that the client's behavior is not appropriate, the manic client becomes verbally abusive and threatens physical violence to the nurse's aide. Based on the analysis of this situation, the nurse determines that the appropriate action should be which intervention?

Escort the manic client to his or her room.

The nurse is assigned to assist in the care of a client with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The nurse should place priority on which action when planning care for this client?

Establish a trusting nurse-client relationship.

A female client with anorexia nervosa is a member of a support group. The client has verbalized that she would like to buy some new clothes, but her finances are limited. Group members have brought some used clothes for the client to replace her old clothes. The client believes that the new clothes were much too tight, so she has reduced her calorie intake to 800 calories daily. The nurse identifies this behavior as which finding?

Evidence of the client's altered and distorted body image

The police arrive at the emergency department with a client who has seriously lacerated both wrists. Which is the initial nursing action?

Examine and treat the wound sites.

When caring for a client who has been raped, which intervention should the nurse implement during the examination?

Explaining procedures to be completed and why the procedures are necessary

The nurse is caring for a client who has a history of opioid abuse and is monitoring the client for signs of withdrawal. Which observation is indicative of the signs/symptoms associated with withdrawal from opioids?

Fever, yawning, irritability, diaphoresis, and diarrhea

Following a group therapy session, a client approaches the nurse and verbalizes a need for seclusion because of uncontrollable feelings. The nurse reports the findings to the registered nurse (RN) and expects that the RN will take which action?

Get a written prescription from the health care provider (HCP) and obtain an informed consent.

A visitor brings a suicidal client a brightly packaged gift. The nurse accompanies the visitor to the client's room and takes which action?

Has the client open the gift with the nurse present

The nurse is assisting in admitting a client with schizophrenia to an acute-care inpatient psychiatric unit from the emergency department; however, the client refuses admission. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

Help the client with problem solving.

The nurse is admitting a victim abuse client to the mental health unit with a diagnosis of severe anxiety. The nurse notes which signs/symptoms that indicate it is difficult for the victim to talk about the situation? Select all that apply.

Hesitation Lack of eye contact Using vague statements such as, "It's been rough lately."

While discharge planning for a female teenager with anorexia nervosa, the nurse suggests that the teenager attends a meeting of the local chapter of the National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders. Which responses by the teenager indicate that she will likely be compliant with this suggestion? Select all that apply.

I'm going to do whatever it takes to get better." I'll go and participate as much as I can in the group discussions."

The nurse is assessing a client with bipolar disorder who is taking lithium carbonate and who has a lithium level of 1.7 mEq/L. The nurse would expect to find which sign/symptoms of lithium toxicity associated with this level? Select all that apply.

Incoordination, Mental confusion, Muscle hyperirritability

A client with moderate depression who was admitted to the mental health unit 2 days ago suddenly begins smiling and reporting that the crisis is over. The client says to the nurse, "I'm finally cured." The nurse interprets this behavior as a cue to modify the treatment plan by taking which action?

Increasing the level of suicide precautions

The nurse employed in an emergency department is assisting in caring for an adult client who is a victim of family violence. The nurse reinforces which instruction to the victim in the discharge plan?

Information regarding the location of shelters

The nurse has been closely observing a client who has been displaying aggressive behaviors. The nurse observes that the behavior displayed by the client is escalating. Which nursing intervention is least likely to be helpful to this client at this time?

Initiate confinement measures.

The nurse is caring for a female client who was recently admitted to the hospital for anorexia nervosa. The nurse enters the client's room and notes that the client is doing vigorous push-ups. Which nursing action is appropriate?

Interrupt the client and offer to take her for a walk.

The nurse receives a telephone call from a male client who states that he wants to kill himself and has a bottle of sleeping pills in front of him. Which would be the best response by the nurse?

Keep the client talking and signal to another staff member to send help to the client.

The nurse is caring for a client with an eating disorder and knows that which signs/symptoms indicate that the client is dealing with anorexia nervosa? Select all that apply.

Lanugo Amenorrhea

A client who has developed paralysis of the lower extremities is admitted to the hospital. The client shares information with the nurse regarding a severe emotional trauma that occurred 6 weeks ago. The nurse develops a plan of care, knowing which action is the priority?

Look for organic causes of the paralysis.

The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with anxiety. The nurse knows that according to Hildegard Peplau, there are different levels of anxiety that include which? Select all that apply.

Mild Panic Severe Moderate

The nurse on a behavioral health unit is having a therapeutic discussion with a client and recognizes that which communication techniques would be nontherapeutic? Select all that apply

Minimizing feelings Changing the subject Asking "why" questions

The nurse is reviewing the record of a client who is hospitalized for treatment of a panic disorder. The nurse notes that the client was admitted by voluntary hospitalization. During the day, the client runs down the hallway and demands release from the hospital. The nurse notes that the client is exhibiting signs/symptoms of anxiety and attempts to assist the client back to the client's hospital room. Which is the next appropriate nursing action at this time?

Notify the registered nurse (RN).

The nurse is caring for a client who received electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for a major depressive disorder. On data collection, the nurse notes that the client's blood pressure is elevated at 160/100 mm Hg. Based on this finding, which nursing action would be appropriate?

Notify the registered nurse.

The nursing student is creating a plan of care for the hospitalized client with bulimia nervosa. The nursing instructor intervenes if the student documents which intervention in the plan that is not specific to this disorder?

Observe for excessive exercise. Excessive exercise is a characteristic of anorexia nervosa, not bulimia nervosa. Frequent vomiting, in addition to laxative and diuretic abuse, may lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Monitoring for both dehydration and electrolyte imbalance is an important nursing action.

The nurse is assisting with planning the care of a client being admitted to the nursing unit who has attempted suicide. Which priority nursing intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?

One-to-one suicide precautions

The nurse is assessing a client with a diagnosis of bipolar affective disorder-mania. Which characteristics appropriately describe this client's diagnosis? Select all that apply.

Outlandish behaviors Purposeless arousal and movement Grandiose delusions of being King Arthur Incessant talking that includes sexual innuendos

The nurse is assigned to care for a client being admitted to the nursing unit from the emergency department who attempted suicide by ingesting several sleeping pills. The nurse implements which priority action when the client arrives to the unit?

Places the client on one-to-one suicide precautions

After 5 days in the psychiatric unit, a manic client is able to tolerate short periods in the dayroom. The nurse overhears the client telling another client that he is a journalist posing as a client in order to write an article for a magazine. Which response is the nurse's best action?

Privately confront the client with reality.

The nurse observes that a client is psychotic, pacing, and agitated and is making aggressive gestures. The client's speech pattern is rapid, and the client's effect is belligerent. Based on these observations, which is the nurse's immediate priority of care?

Provide safety for the client and other clients on the unit.

A client in a manic state emerges from her room. She is topless and is making sexual remarks and gestures toward staff and peers. Which is an appropriate nursing action?

Quietly approach the client, escort her to her room, and assist her in getting dressed.

A client comes to the emergency department following an assault and is extremely agitated, trembling, and hyperventilating. Which initial nursing action is appropriate?

Remain with the client until the anxiety decreases.

A client with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) who continually cleans the bathroom becomes enraged with the roommate for using the bar of bathing soap for cleaning the bathroom. The client begins to yell and slaps the roommate. Which action should the nurse take first?

Remove both clients to a separate, safe location.

The nurse is assessing a newly admitted client recently diagnosed with depression. Which data best supports that the client is at risk for self-harm?

Reported hopelessness

The nurse prepares the plan of care for a client with late-stage Alzheimer's disease who resides in a long-term care facility. Which would be priority concerns to include? Select all that apply.

Risk for injury Risk for infection Risk for aspiration Impaired verbal communication

The nurse prepares the plan of care for a client with late-stage Alzheimer's disease who resides in a long-term care facility. Which would be priority concerns to include? Select all that apply.

Risk for injury Risk for infection Risk for aspiration Impaired verbal communication

A client experiencing delusions of being poisoned is admitted to the hospital after not eating or drinking for several days. On data collection, the nurse notes no evidence of dehydration and malnutrition at this time. The nurse should immediately plan to address which client need?

Safety and security

The nurse is collecting data from a client recently diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. Which information best supports that the client is at risk for harming another individual?

Sibling stating, "I don't feel safe around my brother"

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with catatonic stupor. The client is lying on the bed, with the body pulled into a fetal position. Which is the appropriate nursing intervention?

Sit beside the client in silence and verbalize occasional open-ended questions.

A client is diagnosed with catatonic stupor. The client is lying on the bed, hidden under the sheets, with her body pulled into a fetal position. The nurse should take which appropriate action?

Sit beside the client in silence with occasional open-ended questions

Which nursing approach is important when administering an antianxiety agent to a client with acute, severe anxiety?

Stay with the client until the medication becomes effective.

A woman is brought to the emergency department in a severe state of anxiety after witnessing a devastating car accident that killed two people. Which nursing action should the nurse do first?

Take the client to a quiet room.

The nurse is assisting in conducting a group therapy session. During the session a client threatens to act out physically and states that he will punch another member of the group. Which is the appropriate nursing action?

Tell the client that he may talk about his anger but cannot act on it during the group session.

The nurse in the psychiatric unit is reviewing the records of the clients admitted to the nursing unit. A client with a history of violent behavior approaches the nurse and demands immediate discharge from the hospital. The nurse notes that the client was voluntarily admitted to the psychiatric unit. Which is the appropriate nursing action?

Tell the client that the health care provider will be contacted regarding discharge.

The nurse is collecting data from a client in crisis and is determining the potential for self-harm. Which data would indicate that the client is a very high risk for suicide?

The client has an immediate plan for a suicide attempt.

The nurse is reviewing the record of a client admitted to the mental health unit and notes that the client was admitted by voluntary status. The nurse makes which determination?

The client has the right to demand and obtain release from the hospital.

During the termination phase of the nurse-client relationship, the clinic nurse observes that the client continuously demonstrates bursts of anger. Which interpretation should the nurse make of this behavior?

The client is displaying typical behaviors that can occur during termination.

A client is admitted to the psychiatric nursing unit. When collecting data from the client, the nurse notes that the client was admitted on an involuntary status. Based on this type of admission, which would the nurse expect to note?

The client presents a harm to self.

A client is being prepared for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The nurse's plan of care for the night before ECT treatment should include which intervention?

The client shampoos and dries the hair, freeing it of all hair spray and creams.

A hospitalized client who recently experienced the loss of a spouse is grieving. The client progresses well and is approaching discharge. Which is an appropriate outcome for this client?

The client verbalizes stages of grief and plans to attend a community grief group.

A client with a phobia will be treated for the condition using a behavior modification technique known as systematic desensitization. The nurse describes the components of this form of therapy to the client and reinforces which client instruction?

The client will be introduced to short periods of exposure to the phobic object while in a relaxed state.

The nurse in a psychiatric unit is assigned to care for a client admitted to the unit 2 days ago. During review of the client's record, the nurse notes that the admission was a voluntary one. Based on this type of admission, which would the nurse expect to note?

The client will participate in the treatment plan.

A client comes to the clinic after losing all of his personal belongings in a hurricane. The nurse notes that the client is coping ineffectively. Which is the least realistic goal for this client?

The client will stop blaming himself for the lack of insurance.

The nurse is assisting with the data collection on a client admitted to the psychiatric unit. After review of the obtained data, the nurse should identify which as a priority concern?

The client's report of self-destructive thoughts

The nurse is reviewing the health care record of a client admitted to the psychiatric unit. The nurse notes that the admission nurse has documented that the client is experiencing anxiety as a result of a situational crisis. The nurse should determine that this type of crisis could be caused by which event?

The death of a loved one A situational crisis is associated with a life event. External situations that could precipitate a situational crisis include loss or change of a job, the death of a loved one, abortion, change in financial status, divorce, and severe illness.

A mother of a teenage client with an anxiety disorder is concerned about her daughter's progress during discharge. She states that her daughter "stashes food, eats all the wrong things that make her hyperactive," and "hangs out with the wrong crowd." While helping the mother prepare for her daughter's discharge, the nurse should make which suggestion?

The mother should restrict the amount of chocolate and caffeine products in the home.

While the nurse is providing care, a client angrily reports to the nurse that the primary health care provider purposefully provided wrong information about her diagnosis and states, "The doctor lied to me." Which nursing response would likely be a barrier to further communication with the client?

The primary health care provider would never lie to you."

A client arrives in the emergency department in a crisis state. The client demonstrates signs of profound anxiety and is unable to focus on anything but the object of the crisis and the impact on self. The initial data collection would focus on which information?

The physical condition of the client

A client diagnosed with delirium becomes disoriented and confused at night. Which intervention should the nurse implement initially?

Use an indirect light source and turn off the television

The nurse is assisting in developing a plan of care for a client with a psychotic disorder who is experiencing altered thought processes. On review of the client's record, the nurse notes documentation that the client believes that the food is being poisoned. The nurse plans to use which communication technique when developing strategies that will promote adequate nutrition and encourage the client to discuss feelings?

Use open-ended questions and silence.

A client has reported that crying spells have been a major problem over the past several weeks and that the doctor said depression is probably the reason. The nurse observes that the client is sitting slumped in the chair, and the clothes that the client is wearing do not fit well. The nurse interprets that further data collection should focus on which assessment?

Weight loss

The nurse is caring for a client who has a history of opioid abuse and is monitoring the client for signs of withdrawal. Which manifestations are specifically associated with withdrawal from opioids?

Yawning, irritability, diaphoresis, cramps, and diarrhea

The nurse is having a conversation with a depressed client in an inpatient psychiatric unit. The client says to the nurse, "Things would be so much better for everyone if I just wasn't around." Which response by the nurse would be appropriate at this time?

You sound very unhappy. Are you thinking of harming yourself?"

The nurse is caring for a client with severe depression. Which activity is appropriate for this client?

drawing Concentration and memory are poor in a client with severe depression. When a client has a diagnosis of severe depression, the nurse needs to provide activities that require little concentration. Activities that have no right or wrong choices or decisions minimize opportunities for the client to put down himself or herself. The nurse can also process the client's feelings by sitting with the client and talking or encouraging the client to write in a journal.

The nurse is caring for a client who has bipolar disorder with aggressive social behavior. Which activity would be most appropriate initially for this client?

writing