Psychological Disorders of Childhood: Chapter 8 Quiz

A two-year-old who ignores parental requests to put his toys away is demonstrating age inappropriate non- compliance. True False

False

Most children who display early patterns of clinically significant disruptive behaviors are likely to outgrow those behaviors by early adolescence. True False

False

Oppositional defiant disorder is more prevalent in the United States than in other countries and cultures. True False

False

Research has shown that bullies are a homogeneous group who share nearly identical characteristics leading to their bullying behavior. True False

False

The pathway from ODD to CD can sometimes lead to the development of schizophrenia. True False

False

A child who is diagnosed with conduct disorder displays more intense and frequent levels of aggression than same-aged peers. True False

True

Felipe is participating in a group at school that emphasizes cognitive behavior strategies and aims to help him in developing friendships with prosocial peers. When properly implemented, this type of intervention has been shown to be effective in helping children who are displaying behaviors related to ODD. True False

True

One of the reasons it is important to understand the various paths a child with disordered conduct might take is to better understand when and how to intervene. True False

True

Studies of the brains of children with ODD and CD have shown differences in both structure and function. True False

True

Proponents of the coercion model would agree with which of the following statements regarding how and why maladaptive behaviors continue over time in children with oppositional defiant disorder? a. A child who is rejected by their peers is more likely to associate with peers who have similar maladaptive behaviors, therefore reinforcing these behaviors. b. Maladaptive behaviors continue as a result of parent's ineffective methods of dealing with a child's misbehavior. c. The cycle of maladaptive and ineffective behaviors is sustained by multiple factors in the environment, including peers, parents, and teachers. d. A proponent of the coercion model would likely agree with all of these statements.

a. A child who is rejected by their peers is more likely to associate with peers who have similar maladaptive behaviors, therefore reinforcing these behaviors.

One of the goals of early assessment and identification of children with oppositional behaviors is based on w hich assumption? a. Early intervention is effective as it may prevent certain behaviors from becoming ingrained in a child's behavior. b. Children who are identified early can receive school services that aren't available in middle or high school. c. Medication is much more effective with young children than with adolescents. d. Children who are identified early can become part of studies that investigate new and better prevention efforts.

a. Early intervention is effective as it may prevent certain behaviors from becoming ingrained in a child's behavior.

Dr. Nielsen is describing his research regarding social status of young children measured by peer nomination. His research is likely to involve all of the following categories EXCEPT: a. antisocial children. b. popular children. c. controversial children. d. neglected children.

a. antisocial children.

Which of the following factors related to prosocial behavior and definitions are INCORRECTLY matched? a. Gender: differential impact of gender on parent-child relationship b. Age: impact of parental age on parent-child relationship c. Permanence: stability of parent-child relationship d. Power: control and responsibility found in parent-child relationship

b. Age: impact of parental age on parent-child relationship

It can be assumed from the discussion on interventions for children with ODD or CD that in order to be effective, interventions should include which of the following? a. inclusive of all of a child's environment b. all of the above c. a strong parental component d. based on early identification

b. all of the above

Many school shooters have spent months developing their violent plans. Which type of aggression does this best represent? a. covert b. instrumental c. reactive d. overt

b. instrumental

Pedro has been diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Based on this diagnosis, he is likely to display all of the following behavioral difficulties EXCEPT: a. noncompliance with authority figures. b. lack of empathy. c. problems with self-regulation. d. aggression.

b. lack of empathy.

Children who encourage each other to act in socially deviant ways have likely been encouraged to do so by which of the following processes? a. hazing b. peer contagion c. peer punishment d. peer rejection

b. peer contagion

Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding physical and nonphysical aggression in boys and girls? a. Boys engage in more intense nonphysical aggression. b. Girls engage in more frequent physical aggression. c. Boys and girls both engage in physical and nonphysical aggression but at different rates and intensity. d. Boys and girls both engage in physical and nonphysical aggression at the same frequency and intensity.

c. Boys and girls both engage in physical and nonphysical aggression but at different rates and intensity.

Children whose parents address their escalating oppositional behaviors with increasingly punitive responses are more likely over time to engage in problem behaviors in school and other settings. This is one of the tenets of which model? a. developmental cascade b. negative reinforcement c. coercion d. interactive

c. coercion

According to research, who of the following is more at risk to be a victim of bullying? a. Andrew, a 9-year-old male who comes from a low socioeconomic neighborhood and plays soccer at school b. Angela, a 9-year-old female who has a speech impediment and is advanced classes at school c. Elizabeth, a 16-year-old female who is African American d. Eric, a 15-year-old male who is gay and has a learning disorder

d. Eric, a 15-year-old male who is gay and has a learning disorder

Researchers who study oppositionality in children have found that three salient dimensions differ in terms of: a. etiology b. treatment c. developmental pathways d. all of these

d. all of these

Angelina, began showing signs of defiance, property destruction, and aggression towards her sibling and family pets at 4 years of age. As an adolescent she is continuing to display these behaviors. Which subtype of conduct disorder would most apply to Angelina? a. child-course trajectory b. childhood stability c. adolescent onset d. child-onset

d. child-onset