Psychology 1-2
issue 3: observable behavior vs internal mental processes
should psychology concentrate so than behavior they can be seen by outside observers, or should it focus on unseen thinking processes?
Wundt describe psychology as the study of conscious experience, a perspective he called .......
structuralism
freewill
the idea that behavior is caused primarily by choices that are made freely by the individual
determinism
the idea that people's behaviors is produced primarily by factors outside of their willful control
Race is a biological concept, not a psychological one. True or false?
true
The statement "In order to study human behavior, we must consider the whole perception rather than it's component parts " might be made by a person subscribing to which perspective of psychology?
Gesalt
psychodynamic perspective of psychology
The approach based on the view that behaviors motivated by unconscious interforces over which the individual has little control
cognitive perspective of psychology
The approach that focuses on how people think understand and know about the world
humanistic perspective of psychology
The approach that suggests that all individuals naturally strive to grow, develop, and being control of their lives and behavior.
behavioral perspective of psychology
The approach that suggests that observable, external behavior, which can objectively be measured, should be the focus of study.
neuroscience perspective of psychology
The approach that views behavior from the perspective of the brain, the nervous system, and other biological functionings.
what are the origins of psychology?
Willhelm Wundt laid the foundation of psychology in 1879, when he opened his lab in Germany. Early perspective that guided the work of psychologists were stretches them, functionalism, and gasalt theory.
Gesalt Psychology
an approach to psychology that focuses on the organization of perception and thinking in a whole sense rather than on individual elements of perception
issue 5: individual differences vs universal principles
how much of our behavior is a consequence of our unique and special qualities, the individual differences that differentiate us from other people? how much reflex the culture and society in which we live, stemming from universal principles that underlie the behavior of humans?
issue 4: Free will vs determinism
how much of our behavior is a matter of free will (choices made by an individual),and how much is subject to determinism the notion that behavior is larger produced by factors beyond the people's willful control
issue 2: conscious vs unconscious causes of behavior
how much of our behavior is produced by forces of which we are fully aware of and how much is due to unconscious activity-mental processes that are not accessible to the conscious mind?
" It is behavior that can be observed that should be studied, not suspected inner workings of the mind." this statement was most likely made by someone with which perspective?
behavioral perspective
in nature dash nurture issue, I need your refers to heredity, and nurture refers to the ......
environmental
Structuralism
focus on uncovering the fundamental mental components of perception, consciousness, thinking, emotions, and other kinds of mental states and activities. uncovering the conscious experience
How are the various fields of psychology unified?
No matter what type of what area psychologist specialize in he or she realize primarily on one of the five major perspectives. psychology is a unified science because psychologist of all perspectives agree that the issues must be addressed if the field is going to advance.
What is the future of psychology likely to hold?
Psychology will become increasingly specialized, will pay greater attention to prevention instead of just treatment, will become more and more concerned with the public interest, and will take the growing diversity of the country's population into account more fully.
what is cognitive perspective compared to?
comparing human thinking to the workings of the computer which takes in information and transforms, stores, and retrieves it; information processing
functionalism
concentrates on what the mind does- the functions of mental activity - and the role of behavior in allowing people to adapt to their environments
issue 1 : nature vs nurture
how much of people's behavior is due to their genetically determined nature and how much is due to nurture the influence of physical and social environment in which a child is raised? what is the interplay between hereditary and environment?
" my therapist is wonderful! he points out my positive traits. he dwells on my uniqueness and strength as an individual. I feel much more confident about myself - as I am really going and reaching my potential."the therapist being described most likely follows a ........... perspective.
humanistic
Early psychologists studied the mind by asking people to describe what they were experiencing when exposed to various stimuli. this procedure was known as.....
introspection
What are the five major perspectives of psychology?
neuroscience, cognitive, behavioral, humanistic, psychodynamic
Introspection
procedure used to study the structure of the mind. people are presented with stimulus - such as an image or sentence - and as to describe it, and their own words and in and as much detail as they could, what they were experiencing
Gene's therapist asked her to recount a violent dream she recently experienced in order to gain insight to the unconscious forces affecting her behavior. Gene's therapist is working from a ........... perspective.
psychodynamic
