Psychology Chapter 12

People with body dysmorphic disorder are preoccupied with exaggerated or imagined physical defects; continuous hair pulling, and compulsive skin-picking.

True

__________is characterized by excessive worrying, fear of losing control, nervousness, and inability to relax.

Anxiety-disorder

__________is a disorder in which a person appears to have two or more distinct identities or personalities that may alternately emerge.

Dissociative-identity-disorder

People with schizoid personality disorder show instability in their relationships, self-image, and mood and a lack of control over impulses.

False

Psychological disorders are predictable responses to specific events, such as, experiencing a panic attack when you realize a term paper is due the next day.

False

The central symptom of generalized anxiety disorder is persistent anxiety that can be attributed to a phobic object, situation, or activity.

False

__________is defined by recurrent, anxiety-provoking thoughts or images that seem irrational and beyond control and seemingly irresistible urges to engage in thoughts or behaviors that tend to reduce the anxiety.

Obsessive-compulsive-disorder

__________is a disorder that follows a distressing event outside the range of normal human experience and that is characterized by features such as intense fear, avoidance.

Posttraumatic-stress-disorder

What are psychological disorders? Explain its characteristics in detail.

Psychological disorders are patterns of behavior or mental processes that are connected with emotional distress or significant impairment in functioning. It's characterized by anxiety. They are unusual, suggest faulty perception or interpretation of reality, suggest severe personal distress, self defeating, dangerous, and the behavior of the individual is socially unacceptable.

__________is a condition in which the senses, thought, and movement are dulled.

Stupor

Psychological disorders are:

sometimes characterized by anxiety.

People with generalized anxiety disorder:

suffer from persistent anxiety that cannot be attributed to a phobic object, situation, or activity.

The difference between major depressive disorder and run-of-the-mill depression is that:

the feeling of lack of energy, low self-esteem, loss of interest in activities is more intense in people with major depressive disorder.

According to the dopamine theory of schizophrenia, all of the following are true EXCEPT:

there is an overproduction of dopamine.

_________ is characterized by indifference to relationships and flat emotional response.​

​Schizoid personality disorder

_________ are excessive, irrational fears of specific objects or situations, such as spiders, snakes, or heights.​

​Specific phobias

The _____ of conversion disorders holds that it is a form of self-hypnosis.​

​biopsychosocial perspective

__________is characterized by feelings of anxiety and helplessness that are caused by a traumatic event.

Acute-stress-disorder

Amanda can't stand to be in a crowded room, get on an elevator, or sit in the middle of a row. It interferes with her job performance and prevents her from enjoying leisure activities. Which anxiety disorder does Amanda exhibit?

Agoraphobia

Explain in detail the characteristics of posttraumatic stress disorder.

Post traumatic stress disorder is characterized by a rapid heart rate, feelings of anxiety, and helplessness that are caused by a traumatic experience. It is also characterized by features such as intense fear and avoidance.

A similarity between acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder is that both:

are characterized by feelings of anxiety and helplessness that are caused by a traumatic event.

A man witnessed an explosion in which a coworker died, and soon after, he lost his vision. Despite many neurological tests, doctors could find no organic basis for the man's loss of eyesight. A psychological explanation for this incident is:

conversion disorder.

Cory was driving when an accident killed his best friend who was sitting in the car with him. However, Cory escaped uninjured. When he woke up the next morning, he couldn't remember where he was or what had happened the previous night. He is most likely exhibiting:

dissociative amnesia.

Posttraumatic stress disorder:

may occur months or years after the event.

Individuals who have experienced severe trauma or victimization may experience debilitating anxiety reactions months and years after the actual traumatic experience. For example, disaster victims or war veterans often have their first symptoms many months after the actual events. These patients are diagnosed as suffering from:

posttraumatic stress disorder.

A woman has difficulty concentrating on her job because she keeps worrying about things like leaving the door unlocked or the tap turned on. She feels that her house will get robbed or damaged any day because of her carelessness. According to this scenario, she is most likely suffering from _____.​

​obsessive-compulsive disorder

​People with _________ do not show the grossly disorganized thinking of paranoid schizophrenia.

​paranoid personality disorder

Kyle is possessed by the thought that he is an evil person who will murder somebody, even though he is not capable of the heinous act. He tries to put these disturbing thoughts out of his mind by washing his hands several times a day. Kyle demonstrates:

obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Delmar believes that he has been sent to Earth to save mankind. He believes that women are evil and that any male who speaks to, or associates with, a female is doomed to a life as a slave. He often tells people of his grand plan to save males from the influence of females. Nothing one says or does can convince him that his ideas are untrue. Which of the following does Delmar demonstrate?

Delusions

What is dissociative amnesia?

Dissociative amnesia is a dissociative disorder marked by loss of memory or self-identity; skills and general knowledge are usually retained. It is the sudden inability to recall important personal information. The most common example is when the person cannot recall events for a number of hours after a stressful incident, as in warfare.

__________is characterized by feelings of dread and foreboding and sympathetic arousal of at least six months' duration.

Generalized-anxiety-disorder

__________is a perception in the absence of sensory stimulation that is confused with reality.

Hallucination

__________is the erroneous belief that one is being victimized or made to suffer.

Ideas-of-persecution

_________ is a personality trait characterized largely by persistent anxiety.​

Neuroticism

Obsessions are so compelling and recurrent that they disrupt daily life.

True

Terry was molested by her male colleague a week ago. Since then, she has been overwhelmed with feelings of anxiety and helplessness. Her doctor refers to her condition as:

acute stress disorder.

The__________of conversion disorders holds that it is a form of self-hypnosis.

biopsychosocial-perspective

Ecstatic elation and deep depression are both aspects of__________.

bipolar-disorder

People with__________have mood swings from ecstatic elation to deep depression.

bipolar-disorder

People with__________are preoccupied with exaggerated or imagined physical defects; continuous hair pulling, and compulsive skin-picking.

body-dysmorphic-disorder

People with panic attacks tend to:

misinterpret bodily cues and to view them as threats.

Tom is a loner who shows little interest in making friends and does not exhibit much emotion. However, he is a star performer at work. His job involves updating a database to reflect the most recent events occurring in the world. He is showing signs of__________.

schizoid-personality-disorder

Katie is excessively fearful of meeting new people. She eats at her desk at work to avoid any social contact with her coworkers and consistently refuses their invitations to go out for parties. Psychologists will most likely diagnose Katie with__________.

social-phobia

Fran describes herself as complicated. Since she hates being alone, she is always looking for companionship and often gets involved in stormy relationships. Mostly, she gets into disagreements with people over her divided loyalties—she just cannot make up her mind to stand by one person. She has been hopping from job to job because she is not sure about what she likes to do. Her attitude is typical of a person with _____.​

​borderline personality disorder

A person with _________ is suddenly unable to recall important personal information.​

​dissociative amnesia

Amnesia is frequently associated with _____.​

​dissociative disorders

People with _________ insist that they are suffering from a serious physical malady, even though no medical evidence of sickness can be found.​

​illness anxiety disorder