Psychology Chapter 5 Test Review

List 5 techniques that can be used to combat insomnia, other than prescription drugs, discussed in this chapter.

-relaxation techniques -keep your room cool and dark -have a regular routine -eliminate caffine after 2 pm -finish a big meal at least 3 hours before you go to sleep

Name 4 sleep disorders discussed in this chapter.

-sleep walking -narcolepsy -sleep apnea -RBD (REM behavior sleep disorder) -KLS ( Kleine- Levin syndrome_

Number of auto accidents attributed to drowsy driving each year.

100,000

Number of hours the average person sleeps in their lifetime.

219,000

Put the levels of consciousness in the correct order of one sleep cycle, from being awake to the first REM sleep. (9) -stage 3 sleep -REM sleep -Awake -Stage 2 sleep -Stage 1 sleep

Awake Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Stage 3 Stage 2 Stage 1 REM sleep

Rip Van Winkle disorder in which victims sleep most of their day away.

Kleine-Levinson syndrome

Disorder in which people act out their dreams.

REM behavior sleep disorder

High school student who went without sleep for 11 days for a science project.

Randy Gardner

Believed dreams reflect a person's unconscious wishes are urges.

Sigmund Freud

Sleep and meditation are examples of a) altered state of consciousness b) circadian rhythms c) meditation d) hallucinations

a) altered state of consciousness

Sudden loss of muscle tone during a narcoleptic attack is called a) cataplexy b) meditation c) paralysis d) none of the above

a) cataplexy

Marijuana is an example of a a) hallucinogen b) narcotic c) stimulant d) depressant

a) hallucinogen

A ____________ is a pleasing word or sound that is repeated during meditation a) mantra b) mothra c) mantle d) none of the above

a) mantra

During NREM sleep, dreaming a) never occurs b) is most vivid c) is usually vague and fleeting d) usually involves clear, realistic points

a) never occurs

According to the biopsychological approach, dreaming occurs because of the a) random firing of neurons b) dreamer's unconscious wishes or urges c) effects of sleep disorders d) dreamer's circadian rhythms

a) random firing of neurons

Maintenance programs help people addicted to narcotics by all of the following except a) removing all drugs from the addict b) giving controlled amounts of a less addictive drug c) reducing the amount of the narcotic an addict takes d) providing moral support during group talks

a) removing all drugs from the addict

The type of consciousness we experience when we are conscious of external sensations is known as a) sensory awareness b) direct inner awareness c) self-consciousness d) dreamtime

a) sensory awareness

In Freud's view of the mind, the largest part is the _________________ mind a) unconscious or subconscious b) conscious c) preconscious d) nonconscious

a) unconscious or subconscious

After taking certain drugs for a while, a person shows signs for _____________ when the body craves the drug just to feel normal.

addiction

Nicotine causes a person's heart rate to increase by causing the release of the hormone _______________.

adrenaline

Choose all that apply: A lack of sleep is linked to a) approximately 100,000 car crashes a year b) less muscular coordination c) approximately 1500 deaths a year d) difficulty concentrating e) memory problems f) slower reaction time

all of them

State of awareness in which a person's sense of self or of the world alters.

altered state of consciousness

Stimulant used to help people stay awake and reduce appetite.

amphetamine

REM behavior sleep disorder has been linked to __________ in 10-15 years a) Alzheimer's disease b) Parkinson's disease c) Huntington's disease d) all of the above

b) Parkinson's disease

Sleep researchers define our sleep stages in terms of a) the length of time each takes b) brain wave patterns c) the time of night each occurs d) the number of times we wake up

b) brain wave patterns

Delta waves on an EEG are associations with a) dreaming b) deep sleep c) physical activity d) all of the above

b) deep sleep

Morphine and heroin are additive depressants known as a) amphetamines b) narcotics c) stimulants d) hallucinogens

b) narcotics

Scary dreams that are usually linked to a specific event or object are called a) night terrors b) nightmares c) both a and b d) neither a nor b

b) nightmares

The four different kinds of brain-wave patterns are ________ waves, _______ waves, ____________ waves, and ___________ waves.

beta, alpha, theta, delta

System that feeds back information about something happening in the body.

biofeedback

A machine used for sleep apnea which supplies a steady stream of oxygen is called a a) CAT scan machine b) PET scan machine c) CPAP machine d) all of the above

c) CPAP machine

Which is true about sleepwalking? a) occurs in REM sleep b) always become violent if awakened c) many children sleepwalk d) adults don't sleepwalk

c) many children sleepwalk

Some people who have taken LSD suffer long-term side effects that include a) heart problems b) high blood pressure c) memory loss d) all of the above

c) memory loss

Many of our basic biological functions, such as breathing, exist at the a) preconscious level b) unconscious level c) nonconscious level d) conscious level

c) nonconscious level

Some psychologists dispute that hypnosis is an altered state of consciousness because a) it has not been effective in helping people reduce anxiety b) it is involuntary c) people's brain wave patterns do not change under hypnosis d) of all the above

c) people's brain wave patterns do not change under hypnosis

Biological clock.

circadian rhythm

Described by sensory awareness, inner awareness, sense of self, and selective attention.

consciousness

Consciousness is considered a psychological ____________ because we cannot see, touch, or measure it.

construct

Biofeedback has been used successfully to treat a) high blood pressure b) tension headaches c) high heart rate d) all of the above

d) all of the above

During a 24-hour day, people experience a sequence of changes in a) sleepiness and wakefulness b) blood pressure c) body temperature d) all of the above

d) all of the above

In addition to deadening pain, cocaine a) raises blood pressure b) decreases the supply of oxygen to the heart c) produces feelings of pleasure d) does all of the above

d) does all of the above

Sleep is considered a necessary vital function because it a) helps people recover from stress b) builds up a person's resistance to infection c) maintains the brain's proper functioning d) does all of the above

d) does all of the above

Psychologist suggest that people try to combat insomnia by a) taking sleeping pills b) drinking coffee or another kind of stimulant c) trying harder to fall asleep d) establishing a regular sleep routine by getting up and going to sleep at approximately the same time every night

d) establishing a regular sleep routine by getting up and going to sleep at approximately the same time every night

Amphetamines have been used to a) cure addiction to morphine b) deaden the pain of soldiers suffering battle wounds c) slow the activity of the nervous system d) help people stay awake

d) help people stay awake

Slurred speech, blurred vision, and impaired judgment are the results of a) nicotine b) amphetamines c) cocaine d) intoxication

d) intoxication

False idea that seems real.

delusion

____________ are drugs that slow the activity of the nervous system.

depressants

Removal of poisonous substances from the body.

detoxification

Morphine was first introduced during World War II to deaden pain from battle wounds. (t/f)

false

Preconscious ideas are hidden wishes, impulses, desires, and drives. (t/f)

false

We spend almost five hours a night in REM sleep. (t/f)

false

When we are awake and alert, the brain emits beta waves, which are long, slow, and spread out. (t/f)

false

During a typical eight hours of sleep, most people go through ______________ sleep cycles.

four/five

Perception of an object or a sound that seems real but is not.

hallucination

Overdoses of crack and other forms of cocaine can be fatal because of the strain they place on the ______________.

heart

Difficulty falling asleep is called ______________.

insomnia

During _______________, some people narrow their consciousness by focusing on a peaceful, repetitive pattern.

meditation

Sleep problem in which people suddenly fall asleep no matter what time it is.

narcolepsy

______________ occur in deep sleep and are like a panic-attack at night.

night terrors

A therapist may hypnotize a patient and offer a _____________________ to help the patient quit a habit such as smoking and overeating.

posthypnotic suggestion

Used to quit bad habits like smoking and overeating.

posthypnotic suggestion

Ideas that a person is not aware of, but which can be recalled, are on the _______________ level.

preconscious

Stage of sleep in which we have the most vivid dreams.

rapid-eye-movement sleep

Disorder in which one feels sensations in their limbs, which result in movements to relieve these feelings and ultimately loss of sleep.

restless leg syndrome

Nonsmokers are at risk of getting lung cancer or breathing problems when exposed to ____________________.

secondhand smoke

Breathing interruption that occurs during sleep.

sleep apnea

People roam about at night with little recollection of these activities.

sleepwalking

____________ are drugs that speed up the activity of the nervous system.

stimulants

An electromyograph measures the electrical activity of the brain in the form of brain wave patterns. (t/f)

true

Animals and people show, what psychologists call REM rebound, a tendency to catch up on their REM sleep by having much more REM sleep later on. (t/f)

true

Consciousness is a psychological construct. (t/f)

true

Fetal alchohol syndrome can occur if the mother drinks as little as one or two glasses of wine or beer a day. (t/f)

true

Heroin was introduced in the 1800's and hailed as a "hero" that would cure addiction to morphine. (t/f)

true

Memory is one of the many things impacted by sleep deprivation and REM sleep deprivation. (t/f)

true

Police have occasionally used hypnosis to jog memories to witness to a crime. (t/f)

true

Some people are so suggestible that they can even undergo minor surgery without anesthesia if they are hypnotized and told they feel no pain. (t/f)

true

Stages 1-4 of sleep are called NREM sleep, because we do not have any dreams during this time. (t/f)

true

The content of most dreams are simple extensions of the activities of the day. (t/f)

true

To help someone quit a bad habit such as overeating or smoking, a therapist may use posthypnotic suggestion. (t/f)

true

Sigmund Freud believed that dreams reflected our ______________ wishes and urges.

unconscious