Psychology chapter 7

The word ________ is both a morpheme and a phoneme. a. Bob b. I c. thump d. you

b. I

Which term refers to the vocabulary of a language? a. grammar b. lexicon c. morpheme d. phoneme

b. lexicon

A ________ is the smallest unit of language that conveys some type of meaning. a. letter b. morpheme c. phoneme d. phonic

b. morpheme

Knowing what a rainbow looks like because you have seen a rainbow is an example of a ________ concept. a. model b. natural c. prototype d. unnatural

b. natural

From a psychological perspective, the term cognition means ________. a. determining b. processing c. thinking d. understanding

c. thinking

A(an) ________ is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts. a. idea b. paradigm c. prototype d. schema

d. schema

Sensations and information are received by our brains, filtered through emotions and memories, and processed to become ________. a. actions b. chemicals c. subconscious d. thoughts

d. thoughts

The analytical intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence is demonstrated by the ability to ________. a. analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast b. produce new products or ideas and invent novel solutions to a problem c. provide correct or established answers to a problem d. think outside the box to arrive at novel solutions to a problem

a. analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast

Which term refers to the process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words? a. interpretation b. language c. semantics d. syntax

c. semantics

________ encompasses the processes associated with perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgment, language, and memory. a. cognition b. personality c. schema d. targeting

a. cognition

Not all aspects of cognition are ________. a. consciously experienced b. essential features of adult consciousness c. essential features of human consciousness d. exceptionally complex

a. consciously experienced

________ and ________ are powerful influences on both our thoughts and behaviors. a. emotion; memory b. feeling; remembering c. recall; retention d. recollection; sentiment

a. emotion; memory

The fact that English grammar dictates that most verbs end in-ed to indicate past tense is an example of the ________ component of language. a. grammar b. lexicon c. syntax d. thesaurus

a. grammar

________ concepts are ones that we know by a specific set of characteristics that are always exhibited, such as what defines different basic shapes. a. absent b. artificial c. ideal d. simple

b. artificial

________ are categories or groupings of linguistic information, images, ideas, or memories, such as life experiences. a. beliefs b. concepts c. emotions d. values

b. concepts

________intelligence is marked by inventing or imagining a solution to a problem or situation. a. analytic b. creative c. crystallized d. practical

b. creative

A(an) ________ schema is also known as a cognitive script. a. artificial b. event c. mental d. role

b. event

Natural concepts are mental groupings created naturally through our ________. a. behaviors b. experiences c. personality d. socialization

b. experiences

What is confirmation bias? a. believing the event you just experienced was predictable b. focusing on information that confirms your existing beliefs c. focusing only on one piece of information when making a decision d. stereotyping someone or something unintentionally

b. focusing on information that confirms your existing beliefs

Which concept is a type of mental set where you cannot perceive an object being used for something other than what it was designed for? a. anchoring bias b. functional fixedness c. hindsight bias d. representative bias

b. functional fixedness

Knowing what a dinosaur is because you looked through a book with pictures of dinosaurs and watched the film Jurassic Park is an example of a natural concept that was developed through ________ experience. a. direct b. indirect c. practical d. theoretical

b. indirect

Which term describes a communication system that uses systematic rules to organize words to transmit information from one individual to another? a. concept b. language c. prototype d. schemata

b. language

Scientists who study cognition are searching for ways to understand how we ________, organize, and utilize our conscious cognitive experiences without being aware of all of the unconscious work that our brains are doing. a. infiltrate b. innovate c. integrate d. intensify

c. integrate

A(an) ________ involves approaching a problem in a way that has worked in the past, but it is clearly no longer working. a. anchoring bias b. functional fixedness c. mental set d. trial and error

c. mental set

A(an) ________ is a basic sound unit of a given language. a. audio b. morpheme c. phoneme d. syntax

c. phoneme

A(an) ________ is the best example, or representation, of a concept. a. amalgamation b. archetype c. prototype d. unification

c. prototype

From ________ months old, children are most capable of using simple sentences such as "I see." a. 0 to 5 b. 6 to 11 c. 12 to 17 d. 18 to 24

d. 18 to 24

Who developed the triarchic theory of intelligence? a. Charles Spearman b. Howard Gardner c. Raymond Cattell d. Robert Sternberg

d. Robert Sternberg

Raymond Cattell was a psychologist who ________. a. believed intelligence consisted of one general factor, called g b. developed Multiple Intelligences Theory c. developed triarchic theory of intelligence d. divided intelligence into two components

d. divided intelligence into two components

In psychology, concepts can be divided into two categories: ________ and ________. a. known; unknown b. natural; artificial c. realizable; unrealizable d. unnatural; unidentified

b. natural; artificial