Psychology: Development Issues, Prenatal Development and the Newborn (Module 13)

Although development is lifelong, there is stability of personality over time. For example: A. Most personality traits emerge in infancy and persist throughout life. B. temperament tends to remain stable throughout life. C. few people change significantly after adolescence D. people tend to undergo greater personality changes as they age.

B. Temperament tends to remain stable throughout life

From 2 months after conception until birth, the developing fertilized egg is called a(n): A. embryo B. Fetus C. zygote D. placenta

B. fetus

Body organs first being to form and function during the period of the ______; within 6 months, during the period of the ________, organs are sufficiently functional to provide a good change of surviving and thriving. A. zygote; embryo B. zygote; fetus C. embryo; fetus D. placenta' fetus

C. embryo; fetus

One general level of emotionality, called ______, remains fairly constant from childhood into adulthood. A. personality B. stability C. temperament D. character

C. temperament

Which choice is LEAST likely to be offered as an illustration of biological maturation? A. object permanence B. trust versus mistrust C. vocabulary development D. puberty

C. vocabulary development

Mark thinks that language development over the life span requires a slow but steady shaping process. His belief is MOST directly relevant to the issue of:

Continuity and stages

Dr. Cole's major research interest is the long-term effects of child-raising practices on the psychological adjustment of offspring. It is MOST likely that Dr. Cole is a(n) _____ psychologist.

Developmental

The study of continuity and change over the life span is the subject of the field of _____ psychology.

Developmental

_____ psychology examines growth and change in physical, cognitive, and social areas across the life span.

Developmental

It is now six weeks since Jennifer conceived. At this point, the human organism she is carrying is called a(n) ______; at the third month it will be called a(n) ______.

Embryo; fetus

The MOST immediate and direct function of the rooting reflex is the facilitation of:

Feeding

Each time Mrs. Fari puts her finger on her baby's palms, the baby clutches the finger tightly, a response called the _____ reflex.

Grasping

Jared is a 3-month-old baby who is no longer as interested in a puppet head as he once was. Jared is demonstrating _____.

Habitutation

Meena and several classmates are participating in a debate concerning continuity versus stages in development. Meena's task is to support stage theories. Which of these points is Meena LEAST likely to make in the debate?

Most contemporary developmental psychologists are stage theorists

Dr. Towne believes that genetics is primarily responsible for personality traits. Dr. West believes that experiences are primarily responsible for personality traits. The two psychologists are on different sides of the _____ debate.

Nature and Nurture

Genes versus experience is another way of referring to the _____ debate.

Nature and nurture

Dr. Babineaux asks a sample of 8-year-old children to complete measures of several personality traits. When the same children are 16 years old, she asks them to complete measures of the same traits. Dr. Babineaux then computes correlations between the two sets of measures. Her results are MOST relevant to the _____ issues.

Stability and change

Scientists have found that nicotine can be passed through the placenta. For the unborn children of mothers who smoke heavily, nicotine is a(n):

Teratogen

The three major issues that developmental psychologists are nature/nurture, stability/change and ___________/______________

continuity/stages

Another term for nurture is:

experience

The second and third trimesters of pregnancy occur entirely within the _____ period of prenatal development.

fetal

Baby Hannah automatically turns her head in the direction of a touch on the cheek. This is the _____ reflex; it helps an infant to _____.

rooting; obtain food

When Mary puts her finger onto her newborn daughter's mouth, the baby pulls Mary's finger into her mouth. The baby is demonstrating the ______ reflex.

sucking

Chemicals that the placenta isn't able to screen out that can harm an embryo or fetus are called

teratogens

Juan Carlos' son was just arrested for setting the school's outdoor shed on fire. Juan Carlos and his wife admitted to the police that their son has always had an aggressive streak. This example represents: the stability side of the stability and change developmental issue.

the stability side of the stability and change developmental issue.