Psychology- Exam 3

body weight

Eating is limited by both short-term and long-term regulation. Which of these variables is most important for long-term regulation?

inability to shift attention quickly and appropriately

What type of attention difficulty is most common for people with ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder)?

semantic

What type of memory is your memory of your current mailing address?

He was the first to do experiments to measure memory.

What was Hermann Ebbinghaus's contribution to the study of memory?

People might or might not remember something, depending on how we test them.

Comparing several methods of testing memory leads to which of these conclusions?

recognition

A lineup measures memory in what way?

​You satisfy the most urgent motivation before starting on the next one.

According to Abraham Maslow, what happens if you have several motivations at once?​

excitement, plateau, climax, resolution

According to Masters and Johnson, human sexual arousal proceeds through four stages:

​An irritation that energizes behavior to remove the irritation

According to the drive theory of motivation, what is motivation?

The set point increased.

After damage to one brain area, an animal's weight increases and then fluctuates around a new, higher level. What is one way to describe what happened?

his sample was large but not representative.

Alfred Kinsey reported the prevalence of various sex acts, but most psychologists doubt his percentages because

free recall

An essay exam is best described as what type of memory test?

glucose.

An important energy source for all parts of the body, and the main source for the brain, is

increase forgetting.

Both proactive interference and retroactive interference

retroactive interference.

First you memorized the street map of Detroit. If you now memorize the street map of Philadelphia, you might forget the Detroit map because of

quick automatic processes... slow processes that require attention

For thinking and problem solving, we use System 1 for _____ and we use System 2 for

too little body fat to release enough leptin to trigger puberty.

Grace is a 15-year-old dancer and competitive track star who is concerned that all of the other girls in her glass have started puberty but she has not. The most likely cause for the delay in puberty is

​It maintains some variable at a nearly constant level.

If a motivation is homeostatic, then what is true about it?​

interference

If you learn four sets of material that are similar to one another (for example, four European languages), you are more likely to forget them than if you had learned four entirely different kinds of information (for example, French, botany, geography, and chess). Why are you more likely to forget the similar sets of information?

you forget many short-term memories almost as soon as your attention is distracted; long-term memories can be available at any time.

In the traditional information-processing model, one difference between short-term memory and long-term memory is that

for difficult tasks that require attention

In thinking and solving problems, when do we use System 2?

episodic memory.

Memory of a specific experience such as graduating from high school is known as

declarative

Recall, cued recall, and recognition all measure which type of memory?

short-term

Someone asks you what time it is. You check your watch and answer. A few seconds later, after you have been distracted, someone asks what time you said it was. You have forgotten. According to the traditional information-processing view, what type of memory was this?

procedural

Suppose you gradually learn that a certain pattern of wind, cloud, and humidity means that you should probably take an umbrella today. Which type of memory is this?

in any situation, a dominant response interferes with other responses.

The most general statement of the classic Stroop effect is that

Women are more likely to experience several consecutive orgasms.

The sexual arousal of women differs from men in which way?

lazy, indifferent, and uncreative.

Theory X assumes that workers are

It enables food to be stored as fats.

Through which mechanism does insulin affect food intake?

a typical example of a category

What is a prototype?

the information you are working with at the moment

What is meant by "working memory"?

It can demonstrate weak memories that other methods don't detect.

What is special about the savings method of testing memory?

Think about how it relates to other things you know and care about.

When you are studying something, how could you increase your depth of processing?

recognition

Which kind of memory test are you taking right now?

implicit

Which method of testing memory is most likely to show signs of memory even in people who claim that they do not remember something at all?

You have changed your telephone number three times this year. As a result, you keep forgetting your new number.

Which of the following is an example of proactive interference?

one red object among a group of gray and white ones

Which of the following would you be most likely to find by a "preattentive" process?

the key to your dormitory room among a pile of other keys

Which of these would you probably find by an "attentive" process?

Alfred Kinsey

Who conducted the first extensive surveys of human sexual behavior?

​An incentive can motivate action when need is low or absent.

​How does "incentive motivation" differ from "drive"?