Psychology Final pt. 2

it is connected to the mother by the blood vessels in the uterine wall

Which of the following is true of the placenta? a. It is connected to the mother by blood vessels in the uterine wall. b. Its primary purpose is to produce androgens. c. It is also referred to as the amniotic sac. d. It allows the maternal and fetal bloodstreams to mix inside the womb.

experiments with career possibilities

According to Arnett, which of the following is most likely a part of the emerging adulthood stage? a. Experiments with career possibilities b. Egocentrism c. Mid-life crisis due to a stagnant career d. The empty-nest syndrome

social facilitation

Alex wants to be physically fit. As he cannot workout effectively at his home, he goes to a gym with this friends. At the gym, he works out better when his friends work out along with him. In the context of group behavior, this is the result of _____. a. social pressure b. conformity c. social facilitation d. polarization

dispositional attributions

Jessie and her mother argue about Jessie's choice of friends and dates. Her mother thinks Jessie is stubborn and resistant. Jessie thinks her mother is bossy and controlling. The assumptions are examples of__________. a. dispositional attributions b. situational attributions c. conformity d. deindividuation

leukocytes

The immune system is able to eradicate foreign substances like pathogens because of the functioning of white blood cells called__________. a. leukocytes b. antigens c. corticosteroids d. erythrocytes

sympathetic nervous system

The__________is the branch of the autonomic nervous system that is most active during processes that spend body energy from stored reserves. a. subliminal nervous system b. parasympathetic nervous system c. sympathetic nervous system d. corpus callosum

standardization

__________is a process in psychological testing that checks per the scores, validity, and reliability of a test with people of various ages and from various groups. a. Acculturation b. Standardization c. Psychoanalysis d. Actualization

specific phobias

_________are excessive, irrational fears of specific objects or situations, such as spiders, snakes, or heights. a. Delusions b. Specific phobias c. Hallucinations d. Psychomotor retardations

children need to develop feelings of self-control over physical functions

According to Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, which of the following is a characteristic of children in the stage of autonomy versus shame and doubt? a. Children need to develop feelings of self-control over physical functions. b. Children begin to assert control over the environment and strive to master adult skills. c. Children meet academic and social challenges in school. d. Children alternate between feelings of a sense of industry and feelings of inferiority.

reality principle

According to Freud, the ego is guided by the _____. a. moral principle b. reality principle c. pleasure principle d. reasoning principle

perfectionism

According to Freud,__________is an anal-retentive trait. a. gullibility b. carelessness c. perfectionism d. excessive optimism

people don social masks, pretending to be things that they are not

According to Gestalt therapy, which of the following statements is true? a. People don social masks, pretending to be things that they are not. b. Clients should be discouraged from integrating conflicting parts of their personality. c. People should disown parts of themselves that might meet with social disapproval or rejection. d. Treatments for psychological disorders should involve cruel methods.

learning to coordinate perception of the self and of the environment with motor activity

According to Piaget, the sensorimotor stage of child development is dominated by: a. learning to coordinate perception of the self and of the environment with motor activity. b. using words and symbols to represent objects and relationships among them. c. operating with logical thought. d. learning skills through ethnic diversity.

commitment

According to Robert Sternberg's triangular model of love, _____ means deciding to enhance and maintain the relationship. a. infatuation b. passion c. commitment d. liking

the illusion of being in control allows people to feel that they are not at the mercy of the fates

In the context of stress, which of the following is true of predictability and control? a. The illusion of being in control allows people to feel that they are not at the mercy of the fates. b. The illusion of being in control fosters helplessness and hinders people's ability to cope with stress. c. Predictability is of greater benefit to people who perceive the ability to attain reinforcements as being largely outside themselves. d. Predictability is not of particular benefit to internals—that is, to people who wish to exercise control over their situations.

many aspects of sympathetic activity are reversed

In the exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome, the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system may predominate. As a result,__________. a. our heartbeat increases b. our respiration rate increases c. many aspects of sympathetic activity are reversed d. the sympathetic nervous system is simultaneously activated

personal fable

Mariana, a 14-year-old girl, is dating a 19-year-old boy. Her parents disapprove of this behavior and forbid her from meeting the boy. Marina fights with her parents because of this as she believes that she loves him. She also believes that she is unique and is destined to get married to the love of her life at an early age. This scenario best represents the concept of the _____. a. personal fable b. personal fantasy c. imaginary audience d. moral dilemma

liking

Mark and Tracy are close friends from second grade. They share their feelings with each other, but they lack passion or commitment. According to Robert Sternberg's triangular model of love, Mark and Tracy's love is a form of _____. a. empty love b. infatuation c. liking d. fatuous love

evaluation apprehension

Sarah can recite her speech for her speech contest perfectly when she is alone. However, when she is in front of the jury she often loses her "train of thought" because of her concern that they are assessing her performance. In this case, Sarah's performance is influenced by _____. a. the self-serving bias b. evaluation apprehension c. the risky shift d. altruism

it pays less attention to genetic variation in explaining individual differences in behavior

Which of the following is true of the social cognitive theory? a. It pays less attention to genetic variation in explaining individual differences in behavior. b. It tends to be more descriptive than explanatory. c. It gives less attention to person variables such as values and expectancies. d. It subdues the importance of publicly observable variables or behaviors.