Psychology life span development chapter two

Which of the following are considered teratogens?

Advanced paternal age, maternal stress, drugs, infectious disease, nutritional deficiencies

Barbiturates, tranquilizers, and narcotics are all forms of___and are used to relieve pain during labor.

Analgesia

What are the three basic type of drugs that are used for a typical labor with no complications

Analgesia, anesthesia, oxytocin/pitocin

Exposure to cocaine during prenatal development has been linked to which of the following?

Cognitive deficits, impaired motor development, impaired language development

The caregiver who provides continuous physical, emotional, and educational support for the mother before, during, and after childbirth is known as a :

Doula

The inner mass of cells of the blastocyst will eventually develop into the __

Embryo

The __ is the inner layer of cells, which will develop into the digestive and respiratory system.

Endoderm

True or false: let's research a newborn shows that they must have close contact with her mother in the first few days of life to develop emotions.

False

True or false: the U.S food and drug administration rev come da that pregnant women consume caffeine on a regular basis

False

Conception occurs when a single sperm cell from a male United with an ovum in a process called

Fertilization

The prenatal stage that begins about two months after conception is the ___ stage

Fetal

The prenatal stage that begins about two months after the conception is the___ stage

Fetal

Which of the following is the prenatal period that lasts about seven months

Fetal

a cluster of abnormalities and problems that appear in the offspring of mothers who drink alcohol heavily during pregnancy

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

Prenatal diagnostic test include all of the following

Fetal mri, ultrasound sonography, amniocentesis, the apgar scale

Prenatal development is divided into which three periods

Fetal, embryonic, germinal

In the trimester view or prenatal development, other the germinal and embryonic periods of development occur during the

First trimester

Each of the following os more likely to be lower in children born to mother who used marijuana during their pregnancy

Impulse control, attention, intelligence, and blood pressure

Which of the following is true regarding maternal exposure to secondhand smoke?

It is associated with numerous outcomes for offspring

The three stages of birth are not of equal length; the first stage is ___ than the others

Longer

Jenna weighs 4 pounds at birth. She would be considered a ___ infant

Low birth weight

Prenatal exposure to marijuana has been linked to which of the following?

Low birth weight, lower intelligence

According to a large scale study, pregnant women's caffeine intake was linked to which of the following in their offspring?

Lower birth weight

The middle layer of the embryo which will become the the circulatory system, bones, and muscles, is called the

Mesoderm

During the germinal period, the zygote is undergoing rapid

Mitosis

The prenatal testing that should be performed depends on which of the following?

Mothers age, genetic risk factors, medical history

The use of opiate related pain relievers or synthetic opioids during pregnancy is

Not recommend

Prenatal care often includes which of the following components

Nutritional services, social services, comprehensive educational service

The umbilical cord connects the baby to the __ , a disk shaped group of tissues in which small blood vessels from the mother and the offspring intertwine but do not join.

Placenta

The __ period lasts from the end of delivery until the mother's body has returned to a nearly prepregnant state

Postpartum

The Lamaze method, a similar to natural childbirth, is also known as:

Prepared childbirth

The general term for drugs that act on the nervous system to alter states of consciousness, modify perceptions, and change moods is

Psychoactive drugs

Which of the following should not be an aspect of the genetic susceptibility of an embryo or fetus to a teratogen

Reduced birth weight, length, and head circumference

In what ways does a natural childbirth method attempt to reduce the mothers pain?

Relaxation methods, breathing techniques, through education

Women who plan to have children should be given a blood test before they become pregnant to determine whether they are immune to

Rubella

The apgar scale evaluate all of the following except

Size and weight

When babies are either full term or pre term and their birth weight is below normal for their age, they are called __ infants

Small for date

Which of the following can cross the placental wall

Small molecules

Which of the following prescription drugs can function as teratogens?

Some antidepressants, acne medications,antibiotics,synthetic estrogen

Which of the following would not be an aspect of the genetic susceptibility of an embryo or fetus to a teratogen?

The dose of the teratogen

Which of the following are cases for which early close contact between mother and infant in the hospital may be of particular benefit?

The mother is a teenager, the infant is preterm, the mother is from disadvantaged circumstances.

Approximately how many months after conception is the fetus about three inches long, actively moving it's arms and legs and head and exhibiting a distinguishable face forehead eyelid nose and chin?

Three

Prenatal development is sometimes describes in terms of equal three month period called

Trimesters

True or false: drinking one or two servings of beer or wine a few days a week during pregnancy can cause negative effects on the fetus

True

True or false: during the first stage of the birth process, which is the longest of the three stages, the uterine contractions were caused a woman's cervix to stretch and open about 10 cm.

True

True or false: infants born to women using synthetic opioids or opiate related pain relievers are at risk for experiencing opioid withdrawal

True

Virtually any drug or chemical substance a pregnant women invests can cross the placenta

True

The face, forehead, eyelids, nose, and chin are distinguishable ___ months after conception

three

The outer layer of cells that will eventually provide nutrition and support for the embryo is called the

trophoblast

Research indicated that prescription drugs can act as an ___ to the unborn fetus

Teratogen

Which of the following can produce defects in offspring or cause damage during birth

General herpes, syphillis, rubella

For a particular teratogen, the severity of the damage to the embryo or fetus and the type of defect are influenced by which of the following?

Genetic susceptibility, time of exposure, the dosage

The ___ period includes the creation of the fertilized egg, or zygote, cell division, and attachment of the zygote to the uterine wall.

Germinal

Which of the following is not one of the three related conditions that post threats to many newborns?

High birth weight

The embryonic period occurs from __ weeks to eight weeks after conception

Two

Fertilization usually takes places in the

Fallopian tube

Which of the following are psychoactive drugs

alcohol, caffeine, marijuana

FASD may occur in offspring whose mothers ______ during pregnancy

drank alcohol

Which of the following takes places during the germinal period of prenatal development?

Creation of the fertilized egg, cell division, attachment of the zygote to the uterine wall

In general, prenatal care involves which of the following?

Testing for treatable diseases, a defined schedule of visits for medical care, screening for manageable conditions

The birth process occurs in three stages the first is the longest, during which the contractions intensify, the second begins with the babies head starts to move through the birth canal, and during the third stage the___is expelled

After birth

Which of the following statements are true of a doula

A doula is a caregiver

In the period shortly after birth, a connection between the parent and the infant forms. This attachment is known as

Bonding

Research indicated that prescription drugs can act as an ___ to the unborn fetus.

Teratogen

The apgar scale should be used to assess the health of newborns at

1 and 5 minutes after birth

Prenatal development last approximately

266 days

How long does postpartum period last?

6 weeks