Psychology Midterm

B. F. Skinner and other behaviorists would probably say that human behavior is controlled primarily by: 1. Cognitive dissonance 2. Influence of outside world 3. Emotions 4. Unconscious urges

2. Influence of outside world

Rods and cones are to vision as ________ are to smell. 1. Hair cells 2. Olfactory receptors 3. Taste buds 4. Bipolar cells

2. Olfactory receptors

Dreaming is most associated with: 1. Stage 4, deepest sleep 2. REM sleep 3. Stage 2 sleep, sleep spindles

2. REM sleep

What stage of sleep would come next in this sequence? 1, 2, 3, 1. REM stage 2. Stage 2 3. Stage 3 4. Stage 5

2. Stage 2

Rods are: 1. good for night vision AND color vision 2. good for night vision but not good for color vision 3. good for color vision but not good for night vision

2. good for night vision but not good for color vision

Little Timmy has been asking Mom for a treat every time they go to the store. Mom used to get him a treat every time. But now Mom will get him a treat only sometimes. Timmy will: 1. give up asking for treats 2. Ask for treats rarely 3. Ask for treats every time

3. Ask for treats every time

Which of the following is a binocular cue of depth (you need 2 eyes) ? 1. texture gradients 2. Pictorial cues 3. Retinal disparity 4. occlusion

3. Retinal disparity

Gate-control theory is related to: 1. The study of vision 2. The study of sound 3. The study of pain 4. The study of taste

3. The study of pain

Dr. Jones has found that cigarette smoking and high physical attractiveness are negatively correlated. What can we conclude on the basis of this finding? 1. Being unattractive causes people to smoke 2. Smoking causes people to be less attractive 3. We can predict that those who smoke will be rated as less attractive

3. We can predict that those who smoke will be rated as less attractive

What color would you see if you combined red light and green light? 1.Blue 2. Brown 3. Yellow 4. Magenta

3. Yellow

You see a Sweet-Tarts box and then your mouth waters. In classical conditioning terms, the Sweet-Tarts logo is the: 1. CS 2. US 3. UR 4. CR

4. CR

Working as a car mechanic for a taxi company, you receive a $1000 paycheck every two weeks. You are being reinforced according to a __________ schedule of reinforcement. 1. Variable ratio 2. Variable interval 3. Fixed ratio 4. Fixed interval

4. Fixed interval

Acuity (sharpness of vision) is best at this part of the retina: 1. Iris 2. Periphery 3. Bipolar cells 4. Fovea

4. Fovea

Phineas Gage, a railroad worker in the 1800s, had a terrible accident that sent an iron rod clear through his: 1. brainstem 2. Left arm 3. Hippocampus 4. Frontal lobes

4. Frontal lobes

According to opponent processing theory, red is to green as blue is to: 1. Violet 2. White 3. Black 4. Yellow

4. Yellow

In a psychological experiment, the variable that is measured by the investigator is called the ______________ variable. 1. Dependent 2. Control 3. Independent 4. Manipulative

1. Dependent

Opiate drugs (like morphine) occupy the same receptor sites as: 1. Endorphins 2. Serotonin 3. ACh 4. Epinephrine

1. Endorphins

Which part of the brain receives the input that enables you to feel someone scratching your back? 1. Sensory cortex 2. Temporal lobe 3. Cerebellum 4. Occipital lobe

1. Sensory cortex

Which of the following correlations affords the most predictive power (i.e. strongest)? 1. +.31 2. -.42 3. +.07 4. +.28

2. -.42

We perceive the intensity of light waves as ______________ , and the wavelength of light waves as _____________. 1. Color / saturation 2. Brightness / color 3. Saturation / color 4. Color / brightness

2. Brightness / color

Positive reinforcement tends to _____ the probability of a response; negative reinforcement tends to _____ the probability of a response. 1. Increase / decrease 2. Increase / increase 3. Decrease / increase 4. Decrease / decrease

2. Increase / increase

Planning, decision-making, and judgment are carried out in the: A. Frontal lobe B. Temporal lobe C. Parietal lobe D. Occipital lobe

A. Frontal lobe

This lobe is important for movement. A. Frontal lobe B. Temporal lobe C. Parietal lobe D. Occipital lobe

A. Frontal lobe

This lobe is important for hearing. A. Frontal lobe B. Temporal lobe C. Parietal lobe D. Occipital lobe

B. Temporal lobe

1. In order to extinguish a classically conditioned response, you must repeatedly present the _____ without the _____. A. conditioned response; unconditioned response B. conditioned stimulus; unconditioned stimulus C. conditioned response; conditioned stimulus D. unconditioned response; unconditioned stimulus

B. conditioned stimulus; unconditioned stimulus

2. You are in a meeting for the first time when the person next to you puts their hand up, the speaker points at that person, and then that person speaks. Later during the meeting you wish to contribute so you put your hand up. This represents what type of learning? A. Classical Conditioning B. Operant Conditioning C. Observational Learning D. Artificial Learning

C. Observational Learning

This lobe is important for touch. A. Frontal lobe B. Temporal lobe C. Parietal lobe D. Occipital lobe

C. Parietal lobe

4. While training a pigeon to peck at a key for grain reinforcement you begin to notice that the pigeon spins in a full circle to the left each time before pecking the key. The spin represents _____. A. latent learning B. learned helplessness C. superstitious behavior D. Skinnerian behavioral response

C. superstitious behavior

This lobe is important for vision. A. Frontal lobe B. Temporal lobe C. Parietal lobe D. Occipital lobe

D. Occipital lobe

Light must leave the eye and then strike an object in order for vision to work. True or False?

False

You are staring straight ahead, and you notice a bird flying over to your left. The image will be processed by the ______ side of your brain.

Right?