PT 29 Resistance

It is a static form of exercise in which a muscle contracts and produces force without an appreciable change in the length of the muscle and without visible joint motion. a. None of these b. Isokinetic exercise c. Concentric exercise d. aerobic exercise e. Eccentric exercise

a. None of these

A form of isometric exercise that is used to develop a submaximal but sustained level of co-contraction to improve postural stability or dynamic stability of a joint by means of midrange isometric contractions against resistance in anti-gravity positions and in weight-bearing postures. a. Stabilization exercise b. Eccentric exercise c. Multiple angle isometrics d. None of these e. Muscle setting exercise

a. Stabilization exercise

The application of manual resistance to strengthen the iliopsoas a. anterior portion of the distal thigh b. posterior portion of the distal thigh c. anterior portion of the hip d. posterior portion of the knee

a. anterior portion of the distal thigh

The area of application of the resistance when performing manual resistance exercises for the shoulder abduction. a. distal portion of the arm b. proximal portion of the arm c. at the hand d. at the shoulder e. none of these

a. distal portion of the arm

In PNF, this term refers to how and where the therapist's hands are placed on the patient. a. manual contact b. maximum resistance c. quick stretch d. none of these

a. manual contact

The diminished response of muscle to a replaced stimulus-is reflected in a progressive decrement motor unit potentials a. muscle fatigue b. cardiopulmonary fatigue c. both d. neither

a. muscle fatigue

Defined as the work produced by a muscle per unit of time (force x distance/time) a. muscle power b. endurance c. strength d. resistance e. none of these

a. muscle power

In PNF, it refers to a sequence of distal to proximal, coordinated muscle contractions that occurs during the diagonal movement patterns. a. normal timing b. visual cues c. maximum resistance d. position and movement

a. normal timing

A form of training that is performed in non weight-bearing postures and the only option when weight bearing is contraindicated or must be significantly restricted a. open-chain training b. closed-chain training c. dynamic training d. circuit training e. none of these

a. open chain training

Refers to a decline in physical performance in healthy individuals participating in high-intensity, high-volume strength and endurance training programs. a. overtraining b. muscle soreness c. substitute motions d. progressive resistance e. none of these

a. overtraining

The following are key parameters of endurance training except a. speed of exercise b. low-intensity muscle contractions c. large d.

a. speed of exercise

The application of resistance when performing manual resistance of the scapular elevation. a. superior aspect of the shoulder just above the clavicle b. inferior aspect of the shoulder

a. superior aspect of the shoulder just above the clavicle

The summation of the total number of repetitions and sets of a particular exercise during a single exercise session times the intensity of the exercise. a. volume of exercise b. frequency of exercise c. repetition of maximum d. sets e. none of these

a. volume of exercise

It refers to motions in which the body moves on a distal segment that is fixed or stabilized on a support surface. a. Open-chain exercises b. Closed-chain exercises c. Static exercises d. Isokinetic exercises e. Dynamic exercises

b. Closed-chain exercises

A type of muscle contraction that causes joint movement and excursion of a body segment as the muscle contracts in a shortening or lengthening direction. a. Both b. Dynamic muscle contraction c. Static muscle contraction d. Neither

b. Dynamic muscle contraction

It is a broad term that refers to the ability to perform low-intensity, repetitive, or sustained activities over a prolonged period of time. a. Power b. Endurance c. Muscle performance d. None of these e . Strength

b. Endurance

It refers to an approach to therapeutic exercise that combines functionally based diagonal patterns of movement with techniques of neuromuscular facilitation to evoke motor responses and improve neuromuscular control and function. a. Manual contacts b. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation c. Diagonal patterns d. None of these e. Normal timing

b. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

It refers to any form of active exercise in which dynamic or static muscle contraction is resisted by an outside force applied manually or mechanically. a. None of these b. Resistance exercise c. Active ROM d. Endurance exercise e. Strength training

b. Resistance exercise

It refers to the amount of resistance (weight) imposed on the contracting muscle during each repetition of an exercise. a. None of these b. Intensity of exercise c. Volume of exercise d. Mode of exercise e. Duration of exercise

b. intensity of exercise

Characterized by a deep inspiration that is followed by closure of the glottis and contraction of the abdominal muscles. This phenomenon increases intra-abdominal and intrathoracic pressures, which in turn forces blood from the heart, causing an abrupt, temporary increase in arterial blood pressure. a. Substitute motions b. none of these c. Overfatigue d. Cardiopulmonary disease e. Overtraining

b. none of these (Valsalva maneuver)

It refers to an increase in the number of muscle fibers as a result of longitudinal splitting of fibers. a. Muscle adaptation b. None of these c. Hyperplasia d. Hypertrophy

c. Hyperplasia

This term refers to a system of isometric exercise in which resistance is applied, manually or mechanically, at multiple joint positions within the available range of motion. a. Stabilization exercise b. Isokinetic exercise c. Multiple-angle isometrics d. Concentric exercise e. Muscle setting exercise

c. Multiple-angle isometrics

Dynamic exercise with elastic resistance equipment like bands and tubing also can be thought of, in the broadest sense, as variable resistance exercise because of the inherent properties of the elastic material and its response to stretch. a. This statement is neither correct or incorrect. b. This statement is incorrect. c. This statement is correct.

c. This statement is correct.

The application of manual resistance to strengthen the elbow flexors. a. Posterior aspect of distal forearm b. None of these c. Anterior aspect of distal arm d. Anterior aspect of the distal forearm e. Posterior aspect of distal arm

d. Anterior aspect of the distal forearm

It is a form of resistance training in which a limb moves through a ROM against a constant external load, provided by free weights such as a handheld or cuff weight, torque arm units, weight machines, or weight-pulley systems a. Neither b. Both c. Variable resistance exercise d. Dynamic exercise against constant external resistance (DCER)

d. Dynamic exercise against constant external resistance (DCER)

It is a form of dynamic exercise in which the velocity of muscle shortening or lengthening and the angular limb velocity is predetermined and held constant. a. None of these b. Isotonic exercise c. All of these d. Isokinetic exercise e. Isometric exercise

d. Isokinetic exercise

A form of resistance exercise that is used to develop static muscle strength at particular points in the ROM consistent with specific task-related needs. a. None of these b. Dynamic exercise c. Concentric exercise d. Isometric exercise e. Eccentric exercise

d. Isometric exercise

This approach is used when the goal of exercise is to improve strength throughout the ROM when joint motion is permissible but dynamic resistance exercise is painful or inadvisable. a. Dynamic resistance exercises b. Stabilization exercises c. None of these d. Multiple-angle isometrics e. Muscle setting exercises

d. Multiple-angle isometrics

A type of isometric exercise that is used to decrease muscle pain and spasm and to promote relaxation and circulation after injury to soft tissues during the acute stage of healing a. Isokinetic exercise b. Multiple-angle isometric c. Stabilization exercise d. Muscle setting exercise e. Eccentric exercise

d. Muscle setting exercise

A type of isometric exercise that is used to decrease muscle pain and spasm and to promote relaxation and circulation after injury to soft tissues during the acute stage of healing. a. Isokinetic exercise b. Multiple-angle isometric c. Stabilization exercise d. Muscle setting exercise e. Eccentric exercise

d. Muscle setting exercise

A form of active-resistive exercise in which resistance is applied through the use of equipment. a. Concentric resistance exercise b. Isometric resistance exercise c. Eccentric resistance exercise d. None of these

d. None of these

It refers to an approach to resistance training that breaks up a training program into periods and builds systematic variation in exercise intensity and repetitions, sets, or frequency at regular intervals over a specified period of time. a. Exercise order b. Rest interval c. None of these d. Periodization

d. Periodization

The following are precautions to resistance exercise, except: a. Substitute motions b. Exercise-induced muscle soreness c. Overtraining d. Severe cardiopulmonary disease e. Valsalva maneuver

d. Severe cardiopulmonary disease

The hand placement to resist the quadriceps muscle using manual resistance with patient in sitting position. a. None of these b. Posterior to distal thigh c. Lateral of distal leg d. Posterior to distal leg e. Anterior to distal leg

e. Anterior to distal leg

Which of the following maneuvers can strengthen the iliopsoas muscle? a. Application of manual resistance in the anterior aspect of the distal thigh during hip flexion in standing position. b. None of these c. Application of manual resistance at the posterior aspect of the thigh during hip extension in standing position. d. Application of manual resistance at the medial aspect of the thigh during hip adduction in supine position. e. Application of manual resistance in the lateral aspect of distal thigh during hip abduction in side-lying position.

e. Application of manual resistance in the lateral aspect of distal thigh during hip abduction in side-lying position.

A progressive resistance exercise regimen that is based on a 6-RM working weight which is more systematic and takes into account the different rates at which individuals progress during rehabilitation or conditioning programs. a. Circuit training b. Oxford regiment c. DeLorme regimen d. None of thee e. Daily Adjustable Progressive Resistive Exercise (DAPRE)

e. Daily Adjustable Progressive Resistive Exercise (DAPRE)

The following are motion components of lower extremity D2 flexion, except: a. Toe extension b. Ankle dorsiflexion c. Hip internal rotation/hip abduction d. foot eversion e. None of these

e. None of these

It is a system of dynamic resistance training in which a constant external load is applied to the contracting muscle by some mechanical means (usually a free weight or weight machine) and incrementally increased. a. Manual resistance exercise b. Mechanical resistance exercise c. None of these d. Dynamic resistance exercise e. Progressive resistance exercise

e. Progressive resistance exercise

It focuses on the progressive loading of muscle by manipulating, for example, the intensity or volume of exercise A ) overload principle B) specificity principle C) reversibility principle D) progressive principle

A ) overload principle

A type of fatigue where there is a diminished response of an entire body as the result of prolonged physical activity, such as walking, jogging, cycling, or repetitive lifting. A) Cardiopulmonary fatigue B) Muscle fatigue c) Overfatigue D) All of these E) None of these

A) Cardiopulmonary fatigue

An exercise-induced muscle soreness which occurs after a vigorous and unaccustomed resistance training, noticeable in the muscle belly or at the myotendinous junction and which begins to develop approximately 12 to 24 hours after the cessation of exercise. A) Delayed-onset muscle soreness B) Acute muscle soreness C) Muscle fatigue D) Overwork E) Muscle strain

A) Delayed-onset muscle soreness

Reflected by a reduction in muscle performance, begins within a week or two after the cessation of resistance exercises and continues until training effects are lost. A) Detraining B) Specificity of training C) Overtraining D) Fatigue

A) Detraining

It refers to the sequence in which exercises are performed during an exercise session. A) Exercise order B) Exercise duration C) Exercise frequency D) Mode of exercise E) None of these

A) Exercise order

.It refers to a type of active-resistive exercise in which resistance is provided by a therapist or other health professional. A) Manual resistance exercise B) Mechanical resistance exercise C) Both D) Neither

A) Manual resistance exercise

A form of resistance exercise where the amount of resistance cannot be measured quantitatively, but this technique is useful in the early stages of an exercise program when the muscle to be strengthened is weak and can overcome only minimal to moderate resistance. A) Manual resistance exercise B) Mechanical resistance exercise C) Isokinetic resistance exercise D) All of these E) None of these

A) Manual resistance exercise

6.It is a form of active-resistive exercise in which resistance is applied through the use of equipment or mechanical apparatus. A) Mechanical resistance exercise B) Manual resistance exercise C) Active resistance exercise D) Passive resistance exercise E) None of these

A) Mechanical resistance exercise

It refers to the form of exercise, the type of muscle contraction that occurs, and the manner in which the exercise is carried out. A) Mode of exercise B) Rest interval C) Volume of exercise D) Intensity of exercise E) None of these

A) Mode of exercise

.It is a broad term that refers to the ability of contractile tissue to produce tension and a resultant force based on the demands placed on the muscle. A) Muscle strength B) Muscle endurance C) Muscle power D) Muscle performance

A) Muscle strength

A form of resistance exercise that is used when the amount of resistance needed is greater than what the therapist can apply manually. A) None of these B) Manual resistance exercise C) Isokinetic resistance exercise D) Isometric resistance exercise E) Isotonic resistance exercise

A) None of these

It refers to the amount of resistance (weight) imposed on the contracting muscle during each repetition of an exercise. A) None of these B) Duration of exercise C) Volume of exercise D) Mode of exercise E) Frequency of exercise

A) None of these

Composed of movements that are explosive and involve both strength and speed. A) Power training B) Endurance training C) Strength training D) All of these E) None of these

A) Power training

It is defined as the greatest amount of weight (load) a muscle can move through the full, available ROM with control in a specific number of times before fatiguing. A) Repetition maximum B) Training zone C) Exercise intensity D) Exercise frequency E) None of these

A) Repetition maximum

.It is an essential element of rehabilitation programs for persons with impaired function and an integral component of conditioning programs for those who wish to promote or maintain health and physical well-being, potentially enhance performance of motor skills, and reduce the risk of injury and disease. A) Resistance exercise B) Endurance training C) Power training D) PNF Training E) None of these

A) Resistance exercise

.A widely accepted concept suggesting that the adaptive effects of training, such as improvement of strength, power, and endurance, are highly specific to the training method employed. A) Specificity of training B) Transfer of training C) Reversibility principle D) Overload principle E) None of these

A) Specificity of training

.It refers to holding down a body segment or holding the body steady. A) Stabilization B) Alignment C) Mode of exercise D) Volume of exercise E) None of these ANSWER: A

A) Stabilization

The determinant of resistance exercise that is used to maintain appropriate alignment, ensure the correct muscle action and movement pattern, and avoid unwanted substitute motions during resistance exercise. A) Stabilization B) Alignment C) Intensity D) Mode of exercise E) None of these

A) Stabilization

This phenomenon occurs most often with high-effort isometric and dynamic muscle contractions. A) Valsalva B) Overtraining C) Overwork D) Fatigue E) None of these

A) Valsalva

The following are components of D1 extension of the upper extremity, except: A) forearm supination B) shoulder extension, abduction, and Internal rotation C) elbow extension D) wrist extension E) finger extension

A) forearm supination

The following are examples of closed-chain exercises, except A) none of these B) upper extremity press-ups from a chair, C) upper extremity wall push-offs, or prone push-ups; D) lower extremity lunges, E) lower extremity step-up or step-down exercises

A) none of these

The following are true about muscle-setting exercises, except: A) none of these B) involve low intensity isometric contractions performed against little to no resistance. C) used to decrease muscle pain and spasm D) it does not improve muscle strength except in very weak muscles. E) can retard muscle atrophy and maintain mobility between muscle fibers

A) none of these

It refers to motions in which the distal segment (hand or foot) is free to move in space, without necessarily causing simultaneous motions at adjacent joints. a. open chain exercises b. neither c. both d. closed-chain exercises

Open chain exercises