P.T. Nutritionalist Chapter Quizzes
Which of the following is an enzyme catalyzing the breakdown of ATP to ADP? ATPase ADPase Phosphorylase Polymerase
ATPase
During which stage of change can coaches use incentives and penalties to maintain change? Action stage Preparation stage Maintenance stage Motivational stage
Action stage
Who declared "Let thy food be thy medicine, and thy medicine be thy food" in 400 B.C.? Bessarian Aristippus Hippocrates Eratosthenes
Hippocrates
Which of the following is digested quickly in the body? Collagen Protein Monosacharide Unsaturated fat
Monosacharide
An individual's goal or fixed intention is referred to as his path. desire. purpose. motivation.
Purpose
Within the ATP-ADP cycle, what is the process of adding a phosphate is called? Hydrolysis Phosphorylizing Rephosphorylation Hydrophosphorylization
Rephosphorylation
Which of the following is a disadvantage of in-person nutrition coaching? Lack of flexibility Less accountability Does not work will new clients Requires more logistical planning
Requires more logistical planning
What type of analysis is useful during the planning phase of starting a new business, but can also be used to periodically review an existing business, with the goal of making improvements? SWOT analysis Market analysis Diagnostic analysis Predictive analysis
SWOT analysis
Within the SMART goals acronym, what does the 'S' stand for? Sound Simple Specific Sustainable
Specific
Which of the following places stress on bones and can prevent osteoporosis in adults? Indoor cycling Lap swimming Aerobic exercise Strength training
Strength Training
The amount of blood the heart pumps with each heartbeat is known as: Stroke Volume Cardiac Output Blood Pressure Heart Rate
Stroke Volume
What is the daily recommended dosage of calcium for female athletes? 500mg 800mg 1,500mg 2,800mg
1,500mg
In general, daily mineral requirements are correlated with what? Height Calorie intake Activity levels Body mass index
Activity Levels
Which of the following food sources provides the highest amount of protein per 100 gram serving? Spinach Almonds Coconut Asparagus
Almonds
Which of these hormones is most likely responsible for negative kidney health outcomes associated with low water intake? Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Arginine vasopressin
Arginine vasopressin
Which of the following have glycemic index scores? Water Fats Proteins Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
A darker urine pigmentation is typically indicative of: under hydration. dehydration. hyperhydration. hypohydration.
Dehydration
What is the first step in starting an independent nutrition coaching business? Create a social media page Determine the marketing strategies to be used Establish a network of allied healthcare providers Determine the style of coaching it will offer and target the client
Determine the style of coaching it will offer and target the client
Questions regarding what motivates a client, what they feel distracts them from their progress and how they feel about their nutrition journey, are part of which type of assessment? Objective assessment Behavioral assessment Physiological assessment Psychological assessment
Psychological assessment
Vitamins and their importance in health and wellness were discovered by European doctors in the? early 1600s. late 1700s. early 1800s. early 1900s.
early 1900's
The types of food and beverages an individual consumes is referred to as one's food cycle. eating pattern. nutrient intake. consumption habits.
eating pattern.
The flavor of food is heavily influenced by the amount of: fat. protein. glutamate. carbohydrate.
fat
The Food Pyramid, is now thought to have put too little focus on cholesterol. nutrient density. whole grains and healthy fats. fruits, vegetables, and protein sources.
fruits, vegetables, and protein sources.
The new MyPlate is shaped like a plate with colorful fractions dedicated to dairy, vegetables, fruits, protein, and oils. grains. healthy fats. beverage sources.
grains.
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans publication is meant to guide clinical nutrition practices for physicians. establish recommended daily food allowances. guide the development of federal food, nutrition, and health policies programs. be used as a dietary tool from which Americans can create individualized nutrition programs.
guide the development of federal food, nutrition, and health policies programs.
Any claim that states, suggests, or implies a relationship between a food and a constituent of health, is referred to as a health fact. health claim. food-health claim. health statement.
health claim.
Specialized cells on the pancreas, which secrete insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin are referred to as the: hepatic portal. endocrine islets. pancreatic portal. islets of Langerhans.
islets of Langerhans.
Fructose produces a slower rise in blood sugar after consumption because: it must be converted to glucose first. the liver must secret an enzyme to digest it. it changes the pH of the blood. the body digests it so quickly.
it must be converted to glucose first.
A thin polar membrane made of pairs of lipid molecules, is known as a(n) organelle. lipid bilayer. phospholipid. globular protein.
lipid bilayer
A client is at most risk for malabsorption of vitamin K on what type of diet? low in fat high in fat low in fiber high in fiber
low in fat
What is the recommended daily intake of protein for a client whose goal is to build lean body mass? 0.3-0.7 g/kg/d 0.8-1.3 g/kg/d 1.4-2.0 g/kg/d 2.1-2.6 g/kg/d
1.4-2.0 g/kg/d
What is the standard recommendation for total daily calories from saturated fats? 5% 10% 20% 25%
10%
How many organ systems are in the human body? 3 5 11 15
11
A calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by: 1° Celsius at a pressure of 1 atmosphere. 2° Celsius at a pressure of 1 atmosphere. 10° Celsius at a pressure of 1 atmosphere. 15° Celsius at a pressure of 1 atmosphere.
1° Celsius at a pressure of 1 atmosphere.
What motivational interviewing strategy helps a coach understand the client's point of view and elicits their feelings about what is important to them? Summarize Reflective Listening Asking open-ended questions Affirmation and validation
Asking open-ended questions
What term is used to describe the ability to self-govern and the capacity to act in accordance with objective guidelines instead of being influenced by desires and whims? Autonomy Actualization Self-control ( Self-confidence
Autonomy
Which of the following can increase the absorption of vitamin C? Choline Inositol Bioflavonoids Carotenoids
Bioflavonoids
How are most vitamins classified? By their scientific or common name By their nutritional value By their macronutrient content By how they are absorbed in the body
By how they are absorbed in the body
Which of the following is a pulpy, acidic fluid passing from the stomach to the small intestine, consisting of gastric juices and partially digested food? Bile Chyme Gastrin Pyloric acid
Chyme
Epithelial cells can be classified as squamous, cuboidal, or: columnar. pyramidal. cylindrical. epidermal.
Columnar
Which of the following can a certified nutrition coach do? Give advice regarding medical nutrition needs Offer treatment advice for medical conditions Discuss personal relationships, career or life advice Discuss information about behavioral change strategies to reach goals
Discuss information about behavioral change strategies to reach goals
Together, sodium, chloride, and potassium are known as what category of minerals? Electrolytes Carbonates Sulfides Silicates
Electrolytes
Which organ system works closely with the nervous system to produce, release, and regulate hormones? Lymphatic system Endocrine system Respiratory system Integumentary system
Endocrine System
Which of these processes describes the main method by which the human body dissipates heat? Radiation Convection Evaporation Conduction
Evaporation
What effect is megadosing with niacin most likely to have on a client looking to increase athletic performance? It will cause early onset fatigue It will block the release of glycogen There will be a release of fatty acids There will be a decrease in glycogen depletion
It will cause early onset fatigue
Which of the following has been linked to the formation of atherosclerotic plaque? HDL LDL VLDL Triglycerides
LDL
Of the BCAAs, which amino acids is the most used by the body? Valine Lysine Leucine Glutamine
Leucine
Which organ system is used for smelling? Olfactory system Lymphatic system Respiratory system Integumentary system
Olfactory System
Within what stage of change may people not be consciously aware of the risks of their behavior? Relapse Autonomy Preparation Pre-contemplation
Pre-contemplation
In the initial assessment of a client, which element(s) of motivational interviewing apply? All five elements Preparation and Action Pre-contemplation only Pre-contemplation and contemplation
Pre-contemplation and contemplation
An individual is more prone to obesity with a diet high in what type of fat? Saturated Unsaturated Polyunsaturated Monounsaturated
Saturated
Most protein digestion happens after chyme moves into the: mouth. stomach. large intestine. small intestine.
Small Intestine
In humans, what provides the first impression of food? Taste Smell The eyes Mouthfeel
The eyes
What are the two types of business plans, according to the Small Business Administration (SBA)? Traditional and Lean Funded and Unfunded Explanatory and Descriptive Corporate and Sole Proprietorships
Traditional and Lean
Acknowledging what a client has said, but then restating contrary statements the client has said in the past, is known as shifting focus. simple reflection. amplified reflection. double-sided reflection.
double-sided reflection.
The small intestine is divided into three sections, in the following order: rectum, colon, and anus. colon, rectum, and anus. duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. ileum, jejunum, and duodenum.
duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
The treatment of medical conditions with diet, is referred to as dietary therapy. nutritional medicine. medical nutrition therapy. clinical nutrition strategies.
medical nutrition therapy.
A claim on a food product that directly, or by implication, characterizes the level of a nutrient in food is known as a food fact. nutrient fact. food content claim. nutrient content claim.
nutrient content claim.
The amount of nutrients in a food, relative to the number of calories it provides, is known as caloric density. the caloric ratio. nutrient density. the nutrient ratio.
nutrient density.
Data collected through observations and actual data, not opinions, is called real data. objective data. subjective data. goal driven data.
objective data.
The seven steps in the goal-setting process are: determining the desired result, creating a SMART goal, writing the goal(s) down, creating a plan of action, establishing a timeline, acting, and reaffirm the goal(s). establishing new goals. identifying failure points. reevaluating and assessing progress.
reevaluating and assessing progress.
Factors affecting a person's access to food, food selections and the way they consume foods include: cultural, economic, and? age. gender. health status. religious considerations.
religious considerations
According to FDA regulations, the information panel must contain specific information, including product brand name. net quantity of contents. required major allergens. claims and product features.
required major allergens.
A healthy eating pattern should be low in added sugars, saturated fats, and iodine. sodium. cholesterol. carbohydrate.
sodium.
Serving sizes must be based on amounts of foods and beverages that people should be eating. that people are actually eating. contained within the entire package. contained within a portion of the package.
that people are actually eating.
Vitamin C is stored in the body in low amounts because: it interferes with the absorption of vitamin B. its coenzymes compete with absorption. they dissolve in water and removed in urine. they dissolve in oil and dietary fat intake is low.
they dissolve in water and removed in urine.
SMART goals are specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and timely. thorough. teachable. thoughtful.
timely.
Periodically throughout the process, reassessment will be required to measure progress and justify the plan. identify failures. understand plateaus. correct mistakes in planning.
understand plateaus.
Protein catabolism is most likely to occur during a: 10 second sprint . 15 minute walk. 60 minute run. 2 hour swim.
2 hour swim.
Which of the following is considered an excessive intake of folate: 500 mcg 800 mcg 900 mcg 2,000 mcg
2,000 mcg
What is the recommended total water intake for women given by the National Academy of Medicine? 1 Liter 1.7 Liters 2 Liters 2.7 Liters
2.7 Liters
Product claims of High, Rich In, or Excellent Source of, are required to contain what percent of Daily Value (DV) per Reference Amounts Customarily Consumed (RACC)? 5 percent or more 10 percent or more 10 - 19 percent 20 percent or more
20 percent or more
What is the recommended daily intake of sodium for people 14 years of age and older? 1300 mg 1800 mg 2300 mg 2800 mg
2300 mg
The phosphagen system provides an instant source of energy, for up to: 10 seconds. 15 seconds. 30 seconds. 60 seconds.
30 seconds
Approximately what percentage of body weight consists of minerals? 1-3% 4-6% 8-12% 16-20%
4-6%
What is the recommended ratio for omega-6 to omega-3? 1:1 4:1 10:1 11:1
4:1
What percentage of total body water is located in the intracellular space? 32% 43% 55% 68%
68%
Which of the following is the correct number of carbons for a medium-chain fatty acid? 5 7 13 23
7
What is the ideal duration when collecting a client's data about what was eaten, when, and approximate quantities? 1 day 3 days 7-14 days 30 days
7-14 days
Approximately what percentage of a cell's mass is comprised of water? 25 percent 50 percent 70 percent 90 percent
70 Percent
According to research, what percentage of employees self-report exercise in companies with corporate wellness programs? 8 percent 10 percent 13 percent 20 percent
8 percent
What percentage of Americans are estimated to make some attempt to lose weight this year? 25 percent 50 percent 80 percent 90 percent
80 percent
What is the caloric (kcal) yield of nutritional fat? 3.27 kcal 4 kcal 7 kcal 9 kcal
9 kcal
The best time to consume a carbohydrate rich drink when cycling is when the athletic activity lasts: 30 seconds 60 seconds 45 minutes 95 minutes
95 minutes
The term organic describes a product supported with a verifying USDA seal, and contains organic ingredients of at least 50 percent. 70 percent. 80 percent. 95 percent.
95 percent.
What role does the pancreas play in the digestion of protein? It produces protease It releases trypsin It absorbs pepsin It secretes amylase A and B
A and B
Proteins that have a high biological value are classified as: a plant-based protein. a complete protein. free-form amino acids. peptide-bonded amino acids.
A complete protein
Emphasizing past experiences, helping clients remember their strengths successes, and ability to progress is an example of which motivational interviewing strategy? Summarize Reflective Listening Affirmation and validation Uncovering and addressing ambivalence
Affirmation and validation
What hormone helps the body retain sodium and as a result increases blood volume? Renin Aldosterone Angiotensin Arginine vasopressin
Aldosterone
What is the premise of motivational interviewing? All people have a desire for self-actualization The power to change is within the coach, not the client All people are inherently lazy, and require extrinsic motivation Few people possess the capacity and desire for self-actualization
All people have a desire for self-actualization
In which states is it legal for a nutrition coach or personal trainer to make nutritional suggestions for healthy, active individuals? California and Texas Arizona and Michigan Maryland, Washington, and Utah Florida, North Carolina, and Wisconsin
Arizona and Michigan
Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin? Ascorbic acid Beta-carotene Menaquinone Alpha tocopherol
Ascorbic acid
Gut bacteria has been found to prefer which of the following types of carbohydrates? Beta-glucan Mucilage Pectin Cellulose
Cellulose
Which of the following is a precursor to bile acids? Lecithin Cholesterol Phosphatidylserine Gamma linoleic acid
Cholesterol
Which of the following is a way to gain leverage on oneself or others and make desired changes? Incentive strategy Challenging a client Commitment strategy Uncovering ambivalence
Commitment strategy
Which of the following is one of the five stages of change? Autonomy Self-efficacy Contemplation Self-actualization
Contemplation
The steps a customer goes through when considering, buying, and using a product or service is known as the Purchase Process Cycle. Customer Choice Cycle. Customer Lifecycle. Goods and Services Decision Cycle.
Customer Lifecycle.
Sulfur is a derivative of what two essential amino acids? Leucine and Valine Histidine and lysine Arginine and isoleucine Cysteine and methionine
Cysteine and methionine
What is the most common culprit of positive energy balance leading to weight gain? Disease Lack of exercise Excess calorie intake Processed food sources
Excess calorie intake
Which of the following fuel sources is the most effective at producing ATP? Lactate Glucose Ketones Fatty acids
Fatty Acids
The consistency of a food describes its: freshness. firmness or thickness. expected recurring taste. repeated effect on the body.
Firmness or thickness
Which agency regulates the production and distribution of food, pharmaceuticals, tobacco, and other consumer products? Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF) US Department of Agriculture (USDA) US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Which of the following is most likely to protect muscle from being catabolized during exercise? Collagen Water Butter Fruit
Fruit
Foods selected, produced, or consumed for reasons beyond calorie and nutrient content are referred to as: clinical foods. essential foods. functional foods. non-essential foods.
Functional Foods
The liver serves as a reservoir for which of the following? Cellulose Fructose Lactose Glucose
Glucose
Which of the following is the primary source of energy for the brain? Fructose Fructan Glycogen Galactose
Glycogen
In the typical American diet, approximately 30% of phosphorous comes from which food source? Fruits Grains Vegetables Animal sources
Grains
Which of the following is widely used to predict an individual's resting metabolic rate (RMR)? VO2 max testing The Fusco analysis Harris-Benedict Formula Ventilatory threshold testing
Harris-Benedict Formula
Iron is most notably known for its role in: Hemoglobin Respiration Bone formation Brain function
Hemoglobin
A client with low blood sugar levels is correctly identified as having: hyperglycemia. hypoglycemia. hyperkalemia. hypokalemia.
Hypoglycemia
Where is most calcium found in the body? In the bones In the blood In the cells Interstitial fluid
In the bones
Which method of measuring energy expenditure measures oxygen consumed, and carbon dioxide produced? Direct calorimetry Indirect calorimetry Thermic calorimetry Respiratory calorimetry
Indirect calorimetry
What vitamin is neither fat nor water soluble? Niacin Folate Inositol Pantothenic acid
Inositol
Which of the following fluid compartments provides the fluid that produces sweat during exercise? Intracellular Extracellular Intravascular Interstitial
Intravascular
Table salt is often fortified with: iodine. calcium. fluoride. magnesium.
Iodine
Which of the following is a branched chain amino acid? Glutamine Isoleucine Methionine Tryptophan
Isoleucine
Which of the following is a characteristic of soluble fiber? It does not dissolve in water It prevents spikes in blood glucose It is not a source of calories It passes through relatively intact
It prevents spikes in blood glucose
Calories from saturated and trans fats should be limited to what percent of daily calories? Less than 5 percent Less than 10 percent No more than 15 percent No more than 20 percent
Less than 10 percent
ApoE is responsible for the reabsorption of lipids into what tissue? Liver Muscle Intestine Blood vessels
Liver
Foods intended to be ingested under the supervision of a physician for specific dietary management of a disease or condition are known as: clinical foods. medical foods. essential foods. specialty dietary foods.
Medical foods
What term is used to describe the way a client approaches and responds to adversity? Drive Focus Determination Mental toughness
Mental toughness
The process of converting ingested nutrients into energy within the body is known as: digestion. metabolism. thermic effect. nutrient conversion.
Metabolism
What is the goal of researching the competition? Copy others' methods that work Identify potential sources of new customers Devise a strategy to lure their customers away Observe and look for methods that are effective or ineffective
Observe and look for methods that are effective or ineffective
Which of the following is a non-essential fatty acid? DHA EPA Omega-6 Omega-9
Omega-9
What type of formulation can help improve the absorption of vitamin A? One that is oil-based One that is water-based One that is fiber-based One that is protein-based
One that is oil-based
Which of the following is a health history or screening questionnaire that personal trainers use and is a good option for a nutrition coach to gather appropriate health data to keep on file. PARQ+ Medical Questionnaire Personal Questionnaire Health History Questionnaire
PARQ+
What can be used to boost motivation and celebrate achievements and milestones along the way? Photos Food logs SMART goals Subjective assessments
Photos
A goal of losing ten pounds in six weeks is an example of which type of goal? Health goal Physical goal Behavior goal Performance goal
Physical goal
What did the Food Pyramid use to represent how much the average American should consume? Calories Serving size Food source Servings per day
Servings per day
The three types of muscle found in the human body are: cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, and: smooth muscle. striated muscle. respiratory muscle. endothelial muscle.
Smooth Muscle
Which of the following was enacted to protect clients' privacy and confidentiality? The Hippocratic Oath Act (HOA) The Health Information Privacy and Confidentiality Act (HIPCA) The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH)
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Which of the following is a principle stating energy cannot be created or destroyed, but only changed from one form to another? Prilepin's Law Noether's Theorem The Law of Thermodynamics The Law of Conservation of Energy
The Law of Conservation of Energy
What is the first component of marketing for a new nutrition coach? Demographics research Target market identification Identifying the top five forms of advertising The creation of a business name, brand, and logo
The creation of a business name, brand, and logo
Which of the following is true regarding trans fats? Trans fat is present naturally in some animals. Trans fat is only present in partially hydrogenated oils. The FDA now requires trans fat to be eliminated from foods. The FDA no longer requires trans fat to be included on labels.
Trans fat is present naturally in some animals.
Excess energy is stored in adipose tissue in what form? Glycogen Cholesterol Chylomicron Triglycerides
Triglycerides
Which of the following is one of the five categories of taste in food, corresponding to the flavor of glutamates? Salty Bitter Sweet Umami
Umami
Which of the following is one of five unique guiding principles of motivational interviewing? Reactive listening Uncover ambivalence Directly oppose client resistance Do not shy away from confrontation
Uncover ambivalence
Which of these hydration biomarkers provides the best index of day to day hydration? Thirst Urine volume Urine concentration Plasma osmolality
Urine Volume
Which of the following receptors is capable of increasing blood glucose? Vasopressin 1a Vasopressin 1b Meissner's corpuscles Pacinian corpuscles
Vasopressin 1a
Women require higher amounts of which vitamin? Vitamin A Vitamin B Vitamin E Vitamin K
Vitamin B
Cholesterol is needed in the synthesis of what vitamin? Vitamin A Vitamin D Vitamin E Vitamin K
Vitamin D
Which of the following do Americans lack on a regular basis? Sodium Vitamin C Vitamin D Magnesium
Vitamin D
Muscle will release amino acids to be used as energy under which of the following conditions? When insulin levels are low In the presence of a high-fat diet With severe calorie restriction After intense carbohydrate loading
With severe calorie restriction
A major benefit of group coaching is logistics. accountability. the need for more detailed information. the ability to charge clients more for services.
accountability.
Vitamin D is important for its role in bone health. heart health. nerve regeneration. lowering blood pressure.
bone health.
A marketing statement that demands an immediate response from a recipient is known as a teaser. hashtag call. call to action. response tag.
call to action.
A nutritionist who works in medical and long-term health care facilities is known as a clinical dietician. clinical nutritionist. medical nutritionist. nutritional consultant.
clinical nutritionist.
Tendons and ligaments are made of: fascial tissue. loose connective tissue. dense connective tissue. specialized connective tissue.
dense connective tissue
The part of a package label most likely to be displayed, shown, or examined under normal conditions on a retail display is the ingredient list. principal display panel. nutritional profile panel. macronutrient distribution list.
principal display panel.
Supplementing with glutamine is most beneficial for clients: with elevated GH levels. balancing their hormones. recovering from an injury. desiring an adrenaline boost.
recovering from an injury.
