PTA practice exam 2
During palpation, a physical therapist assistant determines that the spine of a patient's scapula is level with the spinous process of T2. Which postural deformity is MOST likely to be associated with this clinical finding? 1. Forward head 2. Shoulder elevation 3. Rounded shoulders 4. Scapular winging
Shoulder elevation
Which of the following objective findings would MOST severely limit a patient who has peripheral arterial disease from participating in an ambulation exercise program? 1. Signs of resting claudication 2. Decreased peripheral pulses 3. Cool skin upon palpation 4. Blood pressure of 165/90 mm Hg
Signs of resting claudication
An athlete sustained a grade III lateral ankle sprain while playing basketball and plans to return to full participation in athletic activities. Which component of the rehabilitation process is MOST important to address the concern of chronic functional instability? 1. Use of ice and compression to rapidly reduce the inflammation and swelling 2. High-voltage pulsed current to promote tissue healing 3. Single-leg support proprioception exercises with dynamic strengthening 4. Isometric stabilization exercises and isokinetic ankle strengthening exercises
Single-leg support proprioception exercises with dynamic strengthening
A physical therapist assistant instructs a patient post thoracic surgery how to produce an effective cough. Which position would be the MOST appropriate to initiate treatment?
Sitting
A 13-year-old girl sustained a grade III anterior cruciate ligament sprain while playing soccer and is concerned about the future impact of the injury on her athletic career. As she considers the possibility of having anterior cruciate reconstruction, which of the following factors would have the GREATEST influence on her candidacy for surgery? 1. Anthropometric measurements 2. Hamstrings/quadriceps strength ratio 3. Skeletal maturity 4. Somatotype
Skeletal maturity
A physical therapist assistant reviews the evaluation of a patient that indicates diminished sensation in the L3 dermatome. What location is the MOST appropriate for the assistant to use to confirm this finding?
Anterior thigh
During gait training of a patient with a transtibial prosthesis, the physical therapist assistant observes excessive knee flexion during foot flat (loading response) on the prosthetic side. Which of the following rationales is the MOST likely cause of this gait deviation? 1. Weakness of the hip flexors 2. Alignment of the foot into excessive dorsiflexion 3. Pistoning of the residual limb within the prosthesis 4. Excessive softness of the SACH (solid ankle, cushion heel) foot
Alignment of the foot into excessive dorsiflexion
A physical therapist assistant works with a patient who is six weeks post total hip arthroplasty (posterolateral approach). The patient's medical history includes Graves' disease. Which intervention should the assistant avoid when treating the patient? 1. Resisted hip lateral rotation in a supine position 2. Hip abduction with an ankle weight in a standing position 3. Ascending and descending stairs 4. Ambulation in a warm therapy pool
Ambulation in a warm therapy pool
A physical therapist assistant prepares to assess the balance of a patient who has a neurological disorder. Which of the following methods is the MOST appropriate to assess the vestibular component of balance? 1. Assess cutaneous sensation 2. Apply a perturbation to alter the body's center of gravity 3. Assess proprioception in a weight bearing posture 4. Quantify visual acuity and depth perception
Apply a perturbation to alter the body's center of gravity
A physical therapist assistant discusses the importance of a proper diet with a patient who has congestive heart failure. Which of the following substances would MOST likely be restricted in the patient's diet? 1. High-density lipoproteins 2. Low-density lipoproteins 3. Sodium 4. Triglycerides
Sodium
A physical therapist assistant assesses a pressure injury and identifies the presence of tunneling. With which pressure injury stage is this observation MOST likely to be identified?
Stage 3 and 4
A physical therapist assistant uses a subjective pain scale to assess pain intensity that consists of a 10 cm line with each end anchored by one extreme of perceived pain intensity. The patient is asked to mark on the line the point that best describes their present pain level. Which pain scale is being used here?
Visual Analogue Scale
A physical therapist assistant works with a patient diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. Which of the following clinical findings should the assistant MOST expect to identify? 1. Aphasia 2. Ballistic movements 3. Severe muscle atrophy 4. Cogwheel rigidity
Cogwheel rigidity
A physical therapist assistant focuses on increasing range of motion through stretching and the use of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) techniques. The patient is performing an isotonic contraction of the hamstrings against resistance followed by passive stretching of the hamstrings by the assistant. Which of the following PNF techniques is being used on this patient? 1. Alternating isometrics 2. Resisted progression 3. Agonistic reversal 4. Contract-relax
Contract-relax
A physical therapist assistant working in a wound clinic presents an in-service on the aging process and its effect on the skin. Which of the following skin changes is MOST likely to occur as a person ages? 1. Increase in skin elasticity 2. Decrease in skin turgor 3. Increase in sebaceous gland activity 4. Decrease in skin dryness
Decrease in skin turgor
A physical therapist assistant observes a patient during gait training. The patient has normal strength and equal leg length. While passing midstance, the patient slightly vaults and exhibits early heel off. Which of the following impairments is the MOST likely cause of this gait deviation? 1. Weakness of the dorsiflexors 2. Weakness of the hip abductors 3. Limited plantar flexion 4. Limited dorsiflexion
Limited dorsiflexion
While performing gait analysis on a patient, a physical therapist assistant observes a posterior trunk lean during heel strike (initial contact) to foot flat (loading response). Which of the following interventions would be the MOST appropriate to address the observed gait pattern? 1. Strengthening exercises for the quadriceps 2. Strengthening exercises for the gluteus maximus 3. Stretching exercises for the hip extensors 4. Stretching exercises for the hip internal rotators
Strengthening exercises for the gluteus maximus
A patient who sustained a common peroneal nerve injury post motor vehicle accident presents with ankle dorsiflexion and eversion strength of Poor (2/5). Which of the following interventions would provide the MOST immediate assistance to the patient with activities of daily living? 1. Electrical stimulation 2. Orthosis 3. Exercise program 4. Aquatic program
Orthosis
A physical therapist assistant treats a patient with a tibial plateau fracture that is currently partial weight bearing. During the treatment session, the physical therapist directs the assistant to instruct the patient to ascend and descend stairs using bilateral canes. Assuming the patient falls during the training session, which individual would be MOST liable for the incident? 1. Physical therapist 2. Physical therapist assistant 3. Patient 4. Referring physician
Physical therapist
A physical therapist assistant attempts to obtain a history from a patient who recently immigrated to the United States. The patient does not speak English and seems to be intimidated by the hospital environment. Which of the following actions is the MOST appropriate for the assistant to take?
Request an interpreter
A physical therapist assistant attempts to strengthen the lumbricals on a patient who has a low metatarsal arch. Which of the following exercises would be the MOST appropriate? 1. Resisted extension of the metatarsophalangeal joint 2. Resisted flexion of the metatarsophalangeal joint 3. Resisted abduction of the metatarsophalangeal joint 4. Resisted adduction of the metatarsophalangeal joint
Resisted flexion of the metatarsophalangeal joint
A patient has patellofemoral pain syndrome which has been aggravated by some of the exercises prescribed by their personal trainer. Which of the following exercises would be the MOST likely to exacerbate the patient's patellofemoral pain? 1. Terminal knee extension in standing 2. Mini squats from 0-30 degrees of knee flexion 3. Resisted long arc quads from 0-45 degrees of knee flexion 4. Quadriceps setting in terminal knee extension in supine
Resisted long arc quads from 0-45 degrees of knee flexion
A patient experiences visible swelling and morning stiffness in their hands that often diminishes with activity. The physical therapist assistant should recognize the patient's signs and symptoms as being MOST associated with which of the following conditions?
Rheumatoid arthritis
A physical therapist assistant inspects the abdomen of a patient with an ascending colostomy. What description BEST delineates the location of this colostomy? 1. Upper portion of the abdomen 2. Lower portion of the abdomen 3. Left side of the abdomen 4. Right side of the abdomen
Right side of the abdomen
A physical therapist assistant reviews the medical record of a patient who recently had a "long" spinal fusion. Which medical condition would MOST likely require this type of surgical procedure? 1. Ankylosing spondylitis 2. Scoliosis 3. Spinal disk herniation 4. Spinal segment instability
Scoliosis
A physical therapist assistant recommends a wheelchair for a patient with both handrims mounted on one side. Which of the following diagnoses would be the MOST likely to benefit from this type of wheelchair? 1. Guillain-Barre syndrome 2. Multiple sclerosis 3. Stroke 4. Transtibial amputation
Stroke
A patient post CVA scores 39/56 on the Berg Balance Scale prior to discharge home from a rehabilitation facility. The physical therapist assistant should be able to make which of the following conclusions from the results of the assessment?
The patient is at significant risk for multiple or recurrent falls
A physical therapist assistant reviews the pulmonary function tests on a healthy patient. Assuming the patient ages normally, which of the following pulmonary values should the assistant expect to remain MOST stable over the patient's lifespan? 1. Tidal volume 2. Residual volume 3. Forced vital capacity 4. Inspiratory capacity
Tidal volume
A physical therapist assistant attempts to examine a wound with full-thickness skin loss that is obscured by eschar. Which pressure injury stage is BEST depicted by this scenario?
Unstageable
A physical therapist assistant works with a patient on fall prevention training. The assistant determines that the patient has difficulty adapting their vision from low lighting to bright environments. What home modification recommendation would be the MOST appropriate based on this information? 1. Use unfiltered direct lighting 2. Replace bathroom light bulbs with red bulbs 3. Use diffuse lighting 4. Use only dim lighting
Use diffuse lighting
A physical therapist assistant reviews the results of a pulmonary function test. Assuming normal values, which of the following measurements should the assistant expect to be the GREATEST? 1. Vital capacity 2. Tidal volume 3. Residual volume 4. Inspiratory reserve volume
Vital capacity
A physical therapist assistant prepares to implement an exercise program aimed at improving a patient's core and lower extremity strength. The assistant would like to avoid exercises that may elevate the patient's blood pressure. Which exercise would be the MOST likely to increase the patient's blood pressure? 1. Wall sits for 15 seconds for 10 repetitions 2. Leg press for 10 repetitions 3. Walking at 2.0 miles per hour on a treadmill for 10 minutes 4. Standing hip abduction using an elastic band for 10 repetitions
Wall sits for 15 seconds for 10 repetitions
During a discussion about a patient who has spinal stenosis, a physician shows a physical therapist assistant an image of the patient's spine obtained through computed tomography. What color would vertebrae appear when using this imaging technique? 1. Black 2. Light gray 3. Dark gray 4. White
White
A patient sustains burns to the anterior surface of the right upper extremity and to the anterior surface of the trunk. According to the rule of nines, the patient has burns over what percentage of the total body surface area? 1. 13.5% 2. 22.5% 3. 27.0% 4. 36.0%
22.5%
As part of the plan of care, a physical therapist assistant elects to use mechanical lumbar traction for a patient who sustained a back injury. If the primary goal of the treatment is to decrease the patient's muscle spasm, which of the following percentages of body weight is the MOST appropriate for the assistant to use?
25%
A physical therapist assistant attempts to provide exercise instructions to a 16-year-old patient who is accompanied by her mother. During the treatment session, the mother makes several comments to the patient that appear to be extremely upsetting and result in the patient losing concentration. Which of the following actions is the MOST appropriate for the assistant to take? 1. Document the mother's comments in the medical record 2. Ask the patient if her mother is verbally abusive 3. Ask the mother to return to the waiting area 4. Discontinue the treatment session
Ask the mother to return to the waiting area
A physical therapist assistant completing a lower quarter screening attempts to palpate the tendon of the tibialis anterior. Which of the following actions is the MOST appropriate to facilitate palpation of the tendon by the assistant?
Ask the patient to actively move the foot into dorsiflexion and inversion
A physical therapist assistant discusses the process of learning to drive an adapted van with a patient who sustained a spinal cord injury. What is the HIGHEST spinal cord injury level where this activity would be a realistic independent functional outcome? 1. C4 2. C6 3. T1 4. T3
C6
A physical therapist assistant reads in the medical record that a patient requires a gluten free diet. Which of the following medical conditions is MOST likely associated with this dietary restriction?
Celiac disease
Which of the following components of balance would be MOST impacted by a patient using the suspensory strategy to control their balance? 1. Line of gravity 2. Center of mass 3. Base of support 4. Limits of stability
Center of mass
A physical therapist assistant works with a patient who has type 2 diabetes and bilateral lower extremity neuropathy. Which of the following instructions is the MOST appropriate for the assistant to use to educate the patient about appropriate foot care? 1. Soak the feet in warm water daily, then apply petroleum jelly to retain skin moisture 2. Wear shoes which are snug on the toes to prevent blister formation 3. Use alcohol-based creams and lotions to ensure that the foot is thoroughly cleaned 4. Choose socks without seams to avoid irritating the skin on the foot
Choose socks without seams to avoid irritating the skin on the foot
A physical therapist assistant treats a patient with Parkinson's disease who has been receiving levodopa therapy for two years. Which of the following side effects should the assistant MOST likely expect given the long-term use of this medication? 1. Bradykinesia 2. Choreoathetosis 3. Shuffling gait 4. Rigidity
Choreoathetosis
A patient diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis exhibits a forward stooped posture. Which upper extremity proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) pattern should the physical therapist assistant BEST utilize in order to achieve the goal of improving this patient's posture?
D2 flexion
A physical therapist assistant suspects that a patient's upper extremity range of motion limitation may be the result of a fear-based psychological response. Which of the following examination findings would be MOST consistent with the assistant's hypothesis? 1. Decreased passive range of motion; weak but pain-free resistive testing 2. Decreased active range of motion; strong but painful resistive testing 3. Decreased active and passive range of motion; strong and pain-free resistive testing 4. Decreased active range of motion; decreased effort with resistive testing
Decreased active range of motion; decreased effort with resistive testing
A 74-year-old patient reports experiencing increased urinary incontinence over the past year. What physiological change is MOST commonly associated with this condition in older adults?
Decreased urge sensation
A physical therapist assistant performs measurements on a patient for the fit of a wheelchair and determines the seat width is too excessive for this patient. Which of the following adverse effects would MOST likely result from this finding?
Difficulty propelling the wheelchair
A physical therapist assistant observes the gait pattern of a patient with a right hip flexion contracture. Which gait deviation would be MOST likely based on the contracture? 1. Diminished step length on the left 2. Diminished step length on the right 3. Steppage gait on the left 4. Steppage gait on the right
Diminished step length on the left
A patient two days post arthrotomy of the knee completes a quadriceps setting exercise while in the supine position. During the exercise the patient begins to experience severe pain. Which of the following actions is the MOST appropriate for the physical therapist assistant to take?
Discontinue the exercise
A patient in a rehabilitation hospital reports experiencing feelings of uselessness of life and the possibility of committing suicide to a physical therapist assistant. Which of the following actions would be MOST appropriate for the assistant to take? 1. Suggest the patient be placed on a locked unit 2. Ask nursing to check on the patient every 15 minutes 3. Discuss the situation with the patient's case manager 4. Review the patient's past medical history for signs and symptoms of mental illness
Discuss the situation with the patient's case manager
A physical therapist assistant performs ultrasound treatment to the right anterior shoulder of a patient at 1.5 W/cm2, pulsed 20%, 1 MHz, for 6 minutes. If the goal of the treatment is to increase tissue temperature, which parameter would be the MOST critical for the assistant to alter? 1. Treatment time 2. Duty cycle 3. Frequency 4. Intensity
Duty cycle
A physical therapist assistant works with a patient diagnosed with congestive heart failure who presents with dyspnea during ambulation. The patient has an ejection fraction of less than 55 percent. Which of the following interventions would be the MOST appropriate? 1. Instruction in pursed-lip breathing 2. Progressive resistive exercises 3. Education on energy conservation 4. Instruction in diaphragmatic breathing
Education on energy conservation
A patient presents to the emergency room with multiple burns on the upper extremity and chest. The wounds all appear dry, but vary in size and are poorly defined. Examination reveals significant irregularity in the patient's cardiac rhythm. What type of burn was the MOST likely source of the patient's injury?
Electrical
A physical therapist assistant documents the gait of a patient with hemiplegia as equinus. Which of the following findings would MOST likely contribute to this type of gait pattern? 1. Excessive activity of the gastrocnemius 2. Weakness of the tibialis posterior 3. Excessive activity of the tibialis anterior 4. Weakness of the flexor digitorum longus
Excessive activity of the gastrocnemius
An 80-year-old female patient falls and fractures her femur. Her surgeon performs surgery to fixate the fracture, but warns the patient that she is at risk for delayed union at the fracture site. Which of the following fracture sites would have the GREATEST risk for this complication?
Femoral neck
A patient who has ankylosing spondylitis reports progressive stiffening of the spine and associated pain for more than five years. A physical therapist assistant observes the patient's posture in the standing position. Which of the following postures should the assistant MOST expect to observe? 1. Posterior thoracic rib hump 2. Flattened lumbar curve, exaggerated thoracic curve 3. Excessive lumbar curve, flattened thoracic curve 4. Lateral curvature of the spine with fixed rotation of the vertebrae
Flattened lumbar curve, exaggerated thoracic curve
A physical therapist assistant attempts to determine a schedule for calibration and maintenance of an ultrasound unit. Which of the following factors is the MOST important for the assistant to consider when determining an appropriate schedule? 1. Beam nonuniformity ratio 2. Frequency of use 3. Cost associated with calibration and maintenance 4. Availability of qualified personnel to inspect the unit
Frequency of use
A physical therapist assistant wearing sterile protective clothing establishes a sterile field prior to changing a wound dressing. What part of the protective clothing would NOT be considered sterile even before coming in contact with a non-sterile object?
Front of the gown below waist level
A physical therapist assistant discusses the use of a topical moisturizer with a patient to combat dryness and itching of the skin in the area of a healed burn. Which type of burn would MOST likely require the use of a moisturizer for an indefinite period? 1. Superficial burn on the palm of the hand caused by steam 2. Superficial partial-thickness burn on the dorsum of the hand caused by chemical exposure 3. Deep partial-thickness burn on the anterior thigh caused by contact with boiling water 4. Full-thickness burn on the volar surface of the forearm caused by fire
Full-thickness burn on the volar surface of the forearm caused by fire
A patient sustained a traumatic injury to the right shoulder less than one week ago and presents with pain, inflammation, and muscle spasm globally in the shoulder. Which of the following interventions is the MOST appropriate for the physical therapist assistant to use at this stage? 1. Grade I and II joint mobilizations 2. Bent over rows with a light hand weight 3. Doorway stretches for the pectoralis major 4. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation patterns without resistance
Grade I and II joint mobilizations
A physical therapist assistant works on improving the range of motion of a patient post total hip arthroplasty using a posterolateral approach. The patient is having difficulty reaching their feet to don and doff their shoes independently. Which of the following motions should be emphasized to achieve improved independence with this skill?
Hip lateral rotation
A physical therapist assistant would like to minimize the likelihood of a burn when using iontophoresis. Which of the following actions would be the MOST effective to achieve the assistant's objective? 1. Increase the size of the cathode relative to the anode 2. Decrease the space between the electrodes 3. Increase the current intensity 4. Decrease the moisture of the electrodes
Increase the size of the cathode relative to the anode
A physical therapist assistant informs a patient that a ramp needed to access their house with a wheelchair will require two separate sections with a landing area. What variable of the ramp would have MOST likely influenced this decision? 1. Slope 2. Angle of inclination 3. Length 4. Width
Length
A physical therapist assistant reviews the results of laboratory testing on a patient reported to be dehydrated at the time the blood sample was taken. Which of the following findings would be the MOST likely based on the patient's hydration status? 1. Increased coagulation time 2. Decreased hematocrit level 3. Increased blood urea nitrogen level 4. Decreased hemoglobin level
Increased blood urea nitrogen level
A physical therapist assistant observes a patient having difficulty controlling the involved lower extremity during foot flat (loading response). Which of the following statements BEST describes the muscle activation at the knee during this phase of the gait cycle? 1. Increased quadriceps activity and increased hamstrings activity 2. Increased quadriceps activity and decreased hamstrings activity 3. Decreased quadriceps activity and increased hamstrings activity 4. Decreased quadriceps activity and decreased hamstrings activity
Increased quadriceps activity and decreased hamstrings activity
A physical therapist assistant instructs a patient who has C6 tetraplegia in functional activities. Which of the following activities would be the LEAST appropriate? 1. Independent raises for skin protection 2. Manual wheelchair propulsion 3. Assisted to independent transfers with a sliding board 4. Independent self-range of motion of the lower extremities
Independent self-range of motion of the lower extremities
A physical therapist assistant instructs a patient's spouse to remove and reapply a bandage. Which of the following instructional methods would be the MOST effective to ensure the task is performed appropriately?
Instruct the spouse to remove and reapply the bandage and observe their performance
A physical therapist assistant reviewing a patient's medical record identifies an order for Doppler ultrasonography. Which of the following conditions would this test MOST likely be used to assess? 1. Peripheral neuropathy 2. Intermittent claudication 3. Cardiac arrhythmias 4. Bursitis
Intermittent claudication
A patient has been experiencing recurrent angina and completed an exercise stress test that was positive. The physical therapist assistant should understand that a positive exercise stress test is MOST indicative of the presence of which of the following findings? 1. Balanced oxygen demand and supply 2. Ischemia 3. Normal vital signs 4. Cardiac arrhythmias
Ischemia
A patient post total hip arthroplasty (posterolateral approach) has been instructed to wear a knee immobilizer due to the surgeon's concern that the patient is a high risk for hip dislocation. Which of the following rationales for the use of a knee immobilizer is the MOST plausible to address the surgeon's concern? 1. It serves as a constant reminder to the patient that the hip is susceptible to injury 2. It reduces hip flexion by maintaining knee extension 3. It facilitates quadriceps contraction during weight bearing activities 4. It limits post-operative edema and promotes lower extremity stability
It reduces hip flexion by maintaining knee extension
A physical therapist assistant intends to use compression therapy as part of a patient's plan of care. The use of compression therapy would be contraindicated in which of the following impairments? 1. Lower extremity edema due to congestive heart failure 2. Decreased mobility following total knee arthroplasty 3. Hypertrophic scarring following a burn to the lower extremities 4. Residual limb edema following transfemoral amputation
Lower extremity edema due to congestive heart failure
A physical therapist assistant assesses the integrity of the vestibulocochlear nerve by administering the Rinne test on a patient. After striking the tine of the tuning fork to begin vibration, what bony prominence should the assistant utilize to position the stem of the tuning fork?
Mastoid process
A physical therapist assistant works on standing balance activities with a patient following a right transtibial amputation. Assuming the patient is not yet utilizing a prosthesis, what impact would the amputation have on the location of the patient's center of mass? 1. Move inferior and to the right of midline 2. Move inferior and to the left of midline 3. Move superior and to the right of midline 4. Move superior and to the left of midline
Move superior and to the left of midline
A physical therapist assistant treats a patient who has multiple myeloma. Which of the following systems should the assistant expect to be targeted once symptoms of the disease begin?
Musculoskeletal
A physical therapist assistant working with a pediatric population suspects a patient's allergic reaction to latex is associated with their medical condition. Which of the following medical diagnoses would be the MOST likely to have latex allergies?
Myelomeningocele
A patient at the confused-appropriate level of cognitive functioning post traumatic brain injury is progressing well in therapy, however, has been experiencing diplopia. Which of the following treatment strategies would be the MOST appropriate to address diplopia? 1. Provide non-verbal instructions within the patient's direct line of sight 2. Place a patch over one of the patient's eyes 3. Ask the patient to turn the head to one side when experiencing diplopia 4. Instruct the patient to carefully focus on a single object
Place a patch over one of the patient's eyes
A physical therapist assistant performs postural drainage on a patient with bronchiectasis. The patient's medical history includes diabetes and hypertension, both of which are poorly controlled. Which lung segment would MOST likely require the assistant to modify the standard treatment procedure? 1. Apical segment of right upper lobe 2. Posterior segment of left lower lobe 3. Anterior segment of right upper lobe 4. Superior segment of left lower lobe
Posterior segment of left lower lobe
A physical therapist assistant suspects that a patient being treated for shin splints may actually have chronic exertional compartment syndrome. Where should the assistant palpate to assess if perfusion to the foot has been affected?
Posterior to the medial malleolus
A middle-aged patient who sustained a fractured femur asks questions about their expected functional level following rehabilitation. Assuming an uncomplicated recovery, which of the following factors would provide the MOST accurate prediction of the patient's functional level? 1. Frequency of physical therapy visits 2. Previous medical history 3. Previous functional level 4. Adherence with a home exercise program
Previous functional level
A patient has been diagnosed with median nerve entrapment. The patient reports experiencing paresthesias and progressive weakness in the hand. Which muscle would MOST likely contribute to the entrapment? 1. Abductor pollicis longus 2. Flexor digiti minimi 3. Flexor digitorum profundus 4. Pronator teres
Pronator teres
A patient post total hip arthroplasty is placed on anticoagulant medication. Which of the following laboratory values would be the MOST affected based on the patient's current medication? 1. Hematocrit 2. Hemoglobin 3. Prothrombin time 4. White blood cell count
Prothrombin time
A physical therapist assistant works with a patient diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy less than one year ago. Assuming a normal progression, which of the following findings should the assistant expect to occur FIRST?
Proximal muscle weakness
A patient sustained a fracture of the acetabulum that was treated with open reduction and internal fixation seven weeks ago. Which of the following objective measures would be the MOST influential variable when determining the patient's weight bearing status? 1. Visual analogue pain scale rating 2. Radiographic confirmation of bone healing 3. Lower extremity manual muscle testing 4. Balance and coordination assessment
Radiographic confirmation of bone healing
A physician analyzes the results of a magnetic resonance imaging study to determine the extent of a patient's lung cancer. When staging the patient's cancer using the TNM system, which of the following factors would NOT be considered? 1. Size of the tumor 2. Involvement of the lymphatic system 3. Rate of growth of the cancer cells 4. Presence of metastasis
Rate of growth of the cancer cells
A physical therapist assistant observes a five-month-old infant in the supine position with the legs elevated and the hips positioned in flexion, abduction, and lateral rotation. Which observation would represent the MOST advanced volitional movement in this position? 1. Reaching of the hand to the ipsilateral knee 2. Reaching of the hand to the ipsilateral foot 3. Reaching of the hand to the contralateral knee 4. Reaching of the hand to the contralateral foot
Reaching of the hand to the contralateral foot
A patient informs a physical therapist assistant how frustrated they feel after being examined by their physician, reporting that they become so nervous that they cannot ask any questions during scheduled office visits. Which of the following responses is the MOST appropriate if the desired outcome is for the patient to be a more active participant?
Suggest that the patient write down questions for the physician and bring them to the next scheduled visit
A physical therapist assistant treats a patient who has low back pain with a hot pack draped over the lower back while the patient lies in the prone position. Which of the following actions is the MOST effective method to monitor the patient while using the hot pack?
Supply the patient with a bell to ring if the hot pack becomes too hot
A physical therapist assistant administers ultrasound over a patient's anterior thigh. After one minute of treatment, the patient reports feeling a slight burning sensation under the sound head. Which of the following actions is the MOST appropriate for the assistant to take? 1. Explain to the patient that what they feel is not out of the ordinary when using ultrasound 2. Temporarily discontinue treatment and examine the amount of coupling agent utilized 3. Discontinue treatment and contact the referring physician 4. Continue with treatment utilizing the current parameters
Temporarily discontinue treatment and examine the amount of coupling agent utilized
A patient recently diagnosed with anemia asks the physical therapist assistant what effect this condition will have on their ability to participate in an exercise program. Which of the following responses is the MOST appropriate for the assistant to give to the patient?
You may have a tendency to become fatigued
