PU Renal 55 (1-)

diabetes mellitus

A nurse who works in a clinic sees many patients with a variety of medical conditions. The nurse understands that a risk factor for UTIs is which of the following?

Pyridium

A patient with a UTI is having burning and pain when urinating. What urinary analgesic is prescribed for relief of these symptoms?

The client has a history of diverticulitis.

A nurse is caring for a client who's ordered continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Which finding should lead the nurse to question the client's suitability for CAPD?

"I should take at least 1,000 mg of vitamin C each day."

A nurse is teaching a female client with a history of multiple urinary tract infections (UTIs). Which statement indicates the client understands the teaching about preventing UTIs?

Loss of motor control of the detrusor muscle.

A nurse who is taking care of a patient with a spinal cord injury documents the frequency of reflex incontinence. The nurse understands that this is most likely due to:

Anemia

A change that occurs during chronic glomerulonephritis is termed

urge

A client comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit. During the interview, the client states, "Sometimes when I have to urinate I can't control it, and do not reach the bathroom in time." The nurse suspects that the client is experiencing which type of incontinence?

It's an abnormal finding that requires further assessment.

After undergoing retropubic prostatectomy, a client returns to his room. The client is on nothing-by-mouth status and has an IV infusing in his right forearm at a rate of 100 ml/hour. The client also has an indwelling urinary catheter that's draining light pink urine. While assessing the client, the nurse notes that his urine output is red and has dropped to 15 ml and 10 ml for the last 2 consecutive hours. How can the nurse best explain this drop in urine output?

Detects calculi, cysts, or tumors

An older adult client is being evaluated for suspected pyelonephritis and is ordered kidney, ureter, and bladder (KUB) x-ray. The nurse understands the significance of this order is related to which rationale?

why women get more UTIs

Because the urethra is short in women, ascending infections or microorganisms carried from the vagina or rectum are common. Males have a longer urethra, causing the organisms travel farther to the bladder. Although structures of the urinary system, the other options are where the client has bacteria and microorganisms located. The ureters connect the bladder to kidney thus do not obtain bacteria, just transmit when available.

low purine

Examination of a client's bladder stones reveals that they are primarily composed of uric acid. The nurse would expect to provide the client with which type of diet?

Risk for infection

Following percutaneous nephrolithotomy, the client is at greatest risk for which nursing diagnosis?

Perform meticulous perineal care daily with soap and water

If an indwelling catheter is necessary, which nursing intervention should be implemented to prevent infection?

antibiotics

Nitrofurantoin, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin are

A voiding cystourethrogram

demonstrates a small bladder capacity

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is

invasive procedure for the removal of renal calculi. The client would be at risk for infection.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

is a procedure used to remove kidney stones from the body when they can't pass on their own. A scope is inserted through a small incision in your back to remove the kidney stones

Overflow incontinence occurs

when the client experiences an involuntary loss of urine related to an overdistended bladder; the client voids small amounts frequently and dribbles.

Urge incontinence occurs

when the client experiences the sensation to void but cannot control voiding in time to reach a toilet.

Serum creatinine increases Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) increases Creatinine clearance decreases

A client is experiencing a decreasing glomerular filtration. What laboratory values should the nurse expect to follow the change? Select all that apply.

Assessing present voiding patterns

A client is frustrated and embarrassed by urinary incontinence. Which measure should the nurse include in a bladder retraining program?

"When did you last urinate?"

A client presents at the clinic with reports of urinary retention. What question should the nurse ask to obtain additional information about the client's report?

Need to urinate after engaging in sexual intercourse

A nurse has been asked to speak to a local women's group about preventing cystitis. Which of the following would the nurse include in the presentation?

Drink liberal amount of fluids.

Which instruction would be included in a teaching plan for a client diagnosed with a urinary tract infection?

Phenazopyridine.

Which medication may be ordered to relieve discomfort associated with a urinary tract infection?

Urinary calculi

A client comes to the emergency department complaining of a sudden onset of sharp, severe flank pain. During the physical examination, the client indicates that the pain, which comes in waves, travels to the suprapubic region. He states, "I can even feel the pain at the tip of my penis." Which of the following would the nurse suspect?

Difficulty starting a urine stream Suprapubic pain Elevated temperature Hematuria

A client is admitted with nephrolithiasis. What symptoms does the nurse expect the client to experience? Select all that apply.

Bladder biopsy

removal of tissue from the bladder A client is suspected of having interstitial cystitis. Which diagnostic test would the nurse anticipate as being used to confirm the diagnosis?

A biopsy of the bladder mucosa

reveals an inflammatory process with scarring and hemorrhagic areas confirms the diagnosis.

Reflex incontinence

is the involuntary loss of urine due to hyperreflexia in the absence of normal sensations usually associated with voiding.

"My urine will be eliminated through a stoma."

The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for the creation of an ileal conduit. Which statement by the client provides evidence that client teaching was effective?

Take the antibiotic for 3 days as prescribed.

The nurse is educating a female patient with a UTI on the pharmacologic regimen for treatment. What is important for the nurse to instruct the patient to do?

Stress incontinence occurs

when the client has an involuntary loss of urine that results from a sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure.

Functional incontinence occurs

when the client has function of the lower urinary tract but cannot identify the need to void or ambulate to the toilet.

MILK

A client with a history of chronic cystitis comes to an outpatient clinic with signs and symptoms of this disorder. To prevent cystitis from recurring, the nurse recommends maintaining an acid-ash diet to acidify the urine, thereby decreasing the rate of bacterial multiplication. On an acid-ash diet, the client must restrict which beverage?

Low-purine diet

A patient who has been treated for uric acid stones is being discharged from the hospital. What type of diet does the nurse discuss with the patient?

urinary tract.

Increased urinary glucose levels create an infection-prone environment in the

anemia.

The nurse cares for a client diagnosed with chronic glomerulonephritis. The nurse will observe the client for the development of

pH 7.20, PaCO2 36, HCO3 14-

The nurse cares for a client with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Which acid-base imbalance is associated with this disorder?

Void every 2-3 hours to prevent overdistention of the bladder Drink liberal amounts of fluid to flush out bacteria. Cleanse around the perineum and urethral meatus after each bowel movement to reduce

The nurse has been asked to provide health information to a female patient diagnosed with a urinary tract infection. What appropriate instructions will the nurse provide? Select all that apply.

The urethra

The nurse knows that which of the following body parts explains why cystitis is more common in women?

Teach client to increase fluid intake up to 3 liters per day.

Which nursing intervention should the nurse caring for the client with pyelonephritis implement?

latrogenic

Which type of incontinence refers to the involuntary loss of urine due to extrinsic medical factors, particularly medications?

urine culture

a test to identify any bacteria present in a urine sample

Phenazopyridine

is a urinary analgesic ordered to relieve discomfort associated with a UTI.

Urge incontinence

is the involuntary loss of urine associated with a strong urge to void that cannot be suppressed.

Overflow incontinence

is the involuntary loss of urine associated with overdistention of the bladder.

Iatrogenic incontinence

is the involuntary loss of urine due to extrinsic medical factors, predominantly medications.

KUB

kidney, ureter, bladder X-RAY Urinary obstruction is the most common cause of pyelonephritis in the older adult. A KUB may reveal obstructions such as calculi, cysts, or tumors. KUB is not indicated for detection of impaired renal function or reveal increased risk for chronic form of the disorder. Urine cultures will reveal causative microorganisms present in the urine.

A cystoscopy

would reveal a markedly inflamed bladder with pinpoint hemorrhage and a bladder capacity that is smaller than normal.