Public Speaking - Chapter 9

A statement in the body of the speech that reminds listeners of the preceding point or points of the speech is called

an internal summary

Which of the following is an example of an effective internal summary?

In short, olives are native to the Med region but have since spread all around the world.

Which three of the following are most important to consider when deciding the order of main points in your speech?

1. your purpose 2. your topic 3. your audience

Jian speaks about the failure of the South Fork Dam in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, in the late 1800s. His first main point discusses how the dam's failure impacted the local communities. His second main point discusses the factors leading to the dam's failure: heavy rains and poor upkeep. Jian's speech is organized in which order?

Casual order

Which of the following statements is an example of an effective internal preview?

In discussing why buying local is a good choice, we'll look first at how it benefits the environment and second at its benefits for the economy.

Keisha is giving a speech on the planets in the solar system, starting with the planet closest to the sun and ending with the farthest. Which organizational pattern is she using?

Spatial order

Following the strategy of keeping main points separate, Misha recognizes that he needs to divide the main point below to make two sperate main points....

Using labels naming the agencies we support would inform the consumer of our policy.

The problem-solution pattern of organization for ordering main points is primarily used for __________ speeches.

persuasive

When a speech uses ______ order, it is divided into two main parts. The first of these parts discusses the existence of an issue, while the second proposes a way to fix the issue.

problem-solution

By themselves, main points are only assertions. What is needed to verify and substantiate main points?

supporting materials

Why is it important for a speech to be well organized?

- Unlike reading a text, the audience cannot reread parts to better understand the message. -The speaker's coherence affects the listener's perception of the speech.

Wade has created a list of main points for his speech about how to increase involvement in his college's student government. Which points follow the tip to keep main points separate?

-Advertise about the student government in the college newspaper -Establish more incentives for students to participate -Put up flyers where students can see them, such as in the student union

Which of the following is the best example of an effective transition?

Now that you have heard a little about the history of olives, let me share some of my favorite uses for them.

transitions, internal previews, internal summaries, signposts

help connect one thought to another in a speech

Because main points are the information that you most want your audience to learn, you need to

select them carefully

Brief statements that help listeners follow your ideas by indicating exactly where you are in the speech is called

signposts

Select the pattern best suited for a speech with this specific purpose: "To inform my audience about the three layers of human skin, starting with the top."

spatial

A speech about the four major factors to consider when choosing a cell phone would most likely be arranged in ______ order.

topical

Supporting materials should be well-organized and directly relevant to the ___ that they are supporting.

main points

Which of the following is true of parallel wording?

-It makes your set of main points easier to remember -It makes your set of main points easier to understand -It helps your main points stand our from the rest of your speech

Which of the following main points uses parallel wording with the first main point "Origami is the Japanese art of paper folding"?

-Origami is usually down with a type of paper called kami. -Origami includes many popular designs, such as paper cranes.

Timothee is planning a speech to persuade his audience that swimming is a healthy form of exercise. If he only wants two main points, which of these statements about swimming would best fulfill his specific purpose?

-Swimming strengthens the whole body -Swimming improves mental health

Which of the following main ideas concerning the internet would be best communicated by a speech that is ordered chronologically?

-The internet transitioned from government use to commercial use at the beginning of the 1990s. -The internet evolved in the 2000s as smartphones were introduced. -The internet today is used by billions of people worldwide.

If your main point is "Olives have a long history as a staple in the human diet," which of the following would be appropriate supporting points?

Olives have been eaten in Crete since at least 3,000 BCE.

Assume that your specific purpose statement is "to inform my audience about leadership of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the Federal government." Which of the following would most likely be the main points of your speech?

-The judicial branch of the Federal government is headed by the Supreme Court and is responsible for interpreting the constitution and reviewing laws. -The executive branch of the Federal government is headed by the president, who is responsible for carrying out federal laws. -The legislative branch of the Federal government is headed by Congress, which includes the House of Reps and the Senate.

Connectives help join one thought to another in a speech and include which of the following?

-internal previews -internal summaries -transitions -signposts

Which strategy is necessary to ensure that each main point receives enough emphasis when preparing main points for a speech?

Balance the time devoted to each main point.

Which organizational pattern first looks at the factors that result in an event, then looks at the effects of the event?

Casual

Which of the following is an example of an effective signpost?

First, I will discuss what fracking is.

Harry is outlining a speech about the need for an intern network at his college, and he has calculated the proportion of the speech taken by each main point. Which strategy would most benefit his outline? I. An intern network for college students increases success after graduation and it helps a college be competitive with other colleges with intern networks. 70% II. An intern network can be established through contacts with alumni. 30%

Keep main points separate

Why should a speaker strive to balance the amount of time devoted to main points?

Because main points are important and speakers should be sure they all receive enough emphasis.

An interview preview

-Works just like a preview statement in a speech introduction but in the body of the speech -Lets the audience know with some detail what the speaker will discuss next.

In which method of speech arrangement does a speaker narrate a series of event in the order in which they occurred?

Chronological order

A speaker says, "Next, we will look at three important Civil War battles that took place in Tennessee. These are Shiloh, Nashville, and Franklin." This is an example of a(n)

internal preview

While working on the body of the speech, you realize that the process you have just discussed is complex, so you decide to review the steps of the process before going to your next point.

internal summary

If the statement, "We have discussed the causes of diabetes; now let us look at some of the effects of diabetes," were in the body of a speech, what kind of connective would it be?

Transition

Renee is writing a speech about threats to the global elephant population. How would you best combine her two related main points below? I. Elephants are endangered animals. II. Habitat loss and the ivory trade threaten the elephant population.

habitat loss and the ivory trade have caused elephants to become endangered.

The three things that determine the most strategic order for the main points of a speech are the topic, the purpose, and

the audience

The strategic organization of a speech is closely related to

critical thinking

Topical order is when you organize your speech

by dividing the speech topic into subtopics, each of which is a main point.