Public Speaking Final
Monroe's Motivated sequence
5 step process where your attention is grabbed, there is a need for a product or an idea, there is a satisfaction step which provides a type of solution, visualization with the solution and what life would look like with the solution, and urging the audience to take action. (Attention, Need, Satisfaction, Visualization, Action)
attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, action
5 steps of Monroe's Motivated Sequence in order
yes
Are emotional appeals often appropriate in persuasive speeches on questions of policy?
hasty generalization
Below is an example of what kind of fallacy?: College dropouts always make excellent business leaders. Just look at Mark Zuckerberg, Bill Gates, and Steve Jobs. They all dropped out of college and went on to create powerful companies.
slippery-slope fallacy
Below is an example of what kind of fallacy?: If students are required to wear uniforms at school, they'll do less shopping at clothing stores. With less business, the store will close which will hurt our local economy. Therefore, if students are required to wear uniforms, small businesses will shut down.
ad hominem
Below is an example of what kind of fallacy?: She's got good economic proposals but remember that she comes from a wealthy family.
statistics and testimony
Examples are greatly enhanced when they are combined with what?
a eulogy, maid of honor speech, introduction speech, speech of presentation, acceptance speech, commemorative speech
Examples of special occasion speeches
Red herring
Here is an example of what kind of fallacy? : Daughter: "I'm so hurt that Todd broke up with me, Mom." Mother: "Just think of all the starving children in Africa, honey. Your problems will seem pretty insignificant then."
You need to assess how likely the audience is to respond to what you say in your speech and adjust what you say to make it as clear, appropriate, and convincing as possible, and how long you need your speech to be
How is audience analysis an important factor when public speaking?
2-3 minutes
How long should an introduction speech be?
It is reliable when using scholarly journals and articles, but other types of research have the potential to be false.
How reliable is the Internet for research materials?
Present evidence in general instead of specific terms
Studies have found that public speakers will usually be more persuasive when they what
true
T/F: Attention is the first step in Monroe's Motivated Sequence
target audience
The portion of the audience the speaker most wants to persuade
Mode
The value that occurs most frequently in a given data set.
Appeal to tradition fallacy
This example is an example of what kind of fallacy?: I don't see any reason to abolish the electoral college. It has been around since the ratification of the U.S. Constitution in 1789, and we should keep it as long as the United States continues to exist
A method of organizing persuasive speeches in which each main point explains why a speaker's solution to a problem is preferable to other proposed solutions
What are comparative advantages in public speaking?
competence and character
What are the 2 factors of credibility?
Vivid examples and stories
What are usually the most effective supporting materials if you want to increase the emotional appeal of a persuasive speech
Keeping the audience foremost in mind at every step of speech preparation and presentation by adapting your topic to the audience, their interests, think of your listeners' backgrounds and interests, and the audience's attitudes regarding the speech topic.
What does it mean to practice audience-centeredness?
A speech that pays tribute to a person, a group of people, an institution, or an idea.
What is a commemorative speech?
Add supporting materials such as examples, statistics, and testimony.
What is a way to enhance your credibility in a persuasive speech?
a fallacy
What is an error in reasoning?
emotional appeals
What is often necessary when a speaker is trying to move an audience to action?
Emotional appeal that uses emotional language, vivid examples, and speaking with sincerity and conviction
What is pathos?
Action
What is the last step in Monroe's Motivated Sequence?
To provide evidence and visualize the problem
What is the main value of using statistics in a speech?
Monroe's Motivated Sequence
What is the most appropriate speech organizational pattern that tries to persuade listeners to take immediate action?
to commemorate
What is the primary purpose of a special occasion speech?
persuasive speaking
What kind of speaking is the most complex and the most challenging?
3rd after the "need" step
What number step is satisfaction in Monroe's Motivated Sequence?
Build enthusiasm for the upcoming speaker and topic, establish a welcoming climate that will boost the speaker's credibility
What should you do when giving a speech of introduction?
Take plenty of notes, record in consistent format (MLA or APA), make separate entries, distinguish direct quotation, paraphrases or your own ideas
What should you do when taking research notes?
Find the journal or article title and state the date.
What should you do when you can't identify the author of a document on the web?
thank the people who are bestowing the award and recognize the people who helped you gain it
What should you usually do when giving a speech of an award presentation
2nd step (after attention)
What step order is "need" in Monroe's Motivated Sequence?
false cause
What type of fallacy is when one thing follows another, the first is the cause of the second?
When it's not appropriate to the speech topic, in a persuasive speech on a question of fact, or when you substitute emotional appeals for evidence and reasoning, when your goals aren't ethically sound, when you are dishonest, or use emotional language.
When are emotional appeals inappropriate in a persuasive speech?
the audience
When you give a speech of introduction, you should be sure to adapt your remarks to what?
Ones that are interesting and put it in terms anyone can understand.
Which examples have greater impact?
to build anticipation
Why in an introduction speech do you save the name of the main speaker until the final moment?
Appeal to novelty fallacy
a fallacy that assumes that something new is automatically better than something old
Ad hominem
a fallacy that attacks the person rather than dealing with the real issue in dispute
Red herring
a fallacy that introduces an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the subject under discussion
Question of value
a question about the worth, rightness, morality, and so forth of an idea or action.
Acceptance speech
a speech that gives thanks for a gift, an award, or some other form of public recognition
Bandwagon fallacy
because something is popular, it is good or correct
Problem-cause solution
documents the problem, analyzes causes, and presents a solution
Credibility
the audience's perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic
either-or
the fallacy that forces listeners to choose between two alternatives when more than two alternatives exist?
