pysch ch 15d, Exam 3 PSY202

The symptoms of phobias begin to appear at a median age of about:

10

Adrian Raine studied the brains of violent repeat offenders and found that their brains had _____ frontal lobe tissue than a normal brain. This may help explain why these people exhibit deficits in cognitive functions such as planning, organization, and inhibition.

11% less

The symptoms of schizophrenia begin to appear at a median age of about:

20

The symptoms of major depression begin to appear at a median age of about:

25

The symptoms of antisocial personality disorder begin to appear at a median age of about:

8

Schizophrenia rapidly develops

Acute. Usually show positive symptoms (presence of inappropriate behaviors). Recovery is better

Biopsychosocial

An integrated understanding of psychological disorders in terms of stressful memories, evolutionary processes, and gender roles is most clearly provided by a(n) _____ approach.

Norepinephrine

An overabundance of the neurotransmitter _____ is most likely to be associated with a manic episode.

Causes of schizophrenia

Genetic factors. Biochemical imbalances- dopamine. Brain abnormalities. Psychosocial influences. Stressful life experiences, Diathesis-stress model

Sam, a 16-year-old boy, has been feeling hopeless, has difficulty concentrating, and experiences chronic sadness. How likely is he to share this information with his parents?

It is very unlikely.

Antidepressants typically work on which neurotransmitters?

Serotonin and norepinephrine

schizophrenia

a group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and behaviors.

psychosis

a psychological disorder in which a person loses contact with reality, experiencing irrational ideas and distorted perceptions.

A person suffering from seasonal affective disorder (SAD) will do best living in:

a sunny location with long days (near the equator).

Continued significant dieting after weight loss of more than 15 percent of normal body weight is common in individuals with:

anorexia nervosa

Kyle is extremely manipulative and can look anyone in the eye and lie convincingly. His deceit often endangers the safety and well-being of those around him, but he is indifferent to any suffering they might experience as a result of his actions. His behavior best illustrates

antisocial personality disorder

Personality disorders can be classified into three clusters. One cluster expresses anxiety, such as that exhibited in _____. People with this personality disorder are so fearful of rejection that it predisposes them to withdraw from society.

avoidant personality disorder

12. Which of the following would be an example of a negative symptom? A) hallucinations B) expressionless tone of voice C) inappropriate laughter D) delusional thinking

b

Episodes of overeating (typically with high-calorie foods) followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise are common in individuals with _____.

bulimia nervosa

Episodes of overeating (typically with high-calorie foods) followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise are common in individuals with:

bulimia nervosa

Mr. James incorrectly believes that people are constantly laughing at him and that FBI agents are trying to steal his savings. Mr. James is suffering from _____. A. selective attention B. catatonia. C. delusions. D. hallucinations.

c

Catatonic type

characterized by bizarre movements, posture and grimaces

When schizophrenia develops slowly

chronic process. Negative symptoms (absence of appropriate behavior). Recovery is doubtful.

Eeyore,a character in the Winnie the Pooh series by E. E. Milne, speaks slowly, has a pessimistic view, and often doesn't wish to participate in social activities. These behaviors suggest that the character suffers from what?

depression

A sudden loss of memory is one symptom of a(n):

dissociative disorder.

Studies of people suffering from depression have found that the depressive episode typically:

ends, with or without treatment.

Susan's mother suffered from the flu during her pregnancy with Susan. Statistically, this increases Susan's risk of later developing schizophrenia. This is an example of a(n) _____ factor meaning a heritable change that is not due to DNA.

epigenetics

delusions

false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders.

One cluster of personality disorders exhibits dramatic or impulsive behaviors. For example, someone with _____ displays shallow, attention-getting emotions and goes to great lengths to gain praise.

histrionic personality disorder

Marcus' twin brother and maternal grandmother both have previously been diagnosed with schizophrenia. This means that Marcus' risk for developing schizophrenia _____.

is much higher than average

This type of theorists see dissociative disorders as behaviors reinforced by anxiety reduction.

learning

The fact that depression runs in families means that the disorder is:

likely due to both genes and environment.

Women are nearly twice as likely to suffer from thuis type of disorder when compared to men.

major depression

John has been having difficulties getting out of bed. He is not interested in going out with friends, and hardly ever answers the phone. John has let a number of bills go unpaid, he is sleeping 12-14 hours a day, and he cannot concentrate at work. He has called in sick to work at least once each week. John is most likely suffering from:

major depressive disorder.

Positive symptoms

presence of inappropriate behaviors-Hallucinations, disorganized thoughts or delusional talking.

flat affect

schizophrenic person may laugh at news of someone dying or show no emotion at all

Trina suffers from depression. Her physician has placed her on an antidepressant that will help to increase her _____ supplies by blocking reuptake so that her receptor sites get enough of this neurotransmitter.

serotonin

One of the most significant symptoms that can be present in major depressive disorder (MDD) but is not present in persistent depressive disorder is what?

suicidal thoughts

Negative symptoms

the absence of appropriate behaviors- expressionless faces, rigid bodies, withdrawal, apathy.

Changes in the rate, production, and content of speech is a significant marker of the shift between depression and mania. How does speech change when someone is suffering from a manic episode?

the person talks non-stop

The purpose of sadness is to

to slow down and examine one's situation

The relationship between the season of the year in which people are born and their subsequent risk of schizophrenia best highlights the role of ______ in this disorders.

viral infections

Paolo has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. His parents have a difficult time understanding him because his speech is fragmented and bizarre. He jumps from one idea to another, sometimes within sentences, creating a _____.

word salad