Pyschology
Shalva suggests that most people outside of industralized societies do not have telephones in their home. Loni disagrees, and would most accurately respond in which of the following ways?
Due to government initiatives across the world, almost every home on every continent now has access to a working telephone.
To demonstrate the vast changes that have taken place in the world around us over the last century, consider that average human life expectancy in 1900 was ______ years, and that number has jumped to 79 years in 2010.
47
To demonstrate the enormous contributions that science has made to social and technological changes over the past century, your text author cites the work of Dr. Edward Jenner. Sometimes called the "father of immunology," Jenner's work directly led to the development of a vaccine that led to the eradication of ______.
smallpox
As a researcher, you decide that you are very interested in peoples' everyday behavior (i.e., daily social interactions and activities). Therefore, you decide to use an electronically activated recorder, or EAR device, to capture the acoustic diary of participants' days as they naturally unfold. In this scenario, you are:
studying daily behavior
What kind of research is traditionally considered to be the "gold standard" in psychology research?
Laboratory experiment
Which of the following titles of an academic paper best reflects the notion that science is democratic?
Look at the Data and Form Your Own Opinion
Which of the following most accurately describes a dependent variable?
Some aspect of a participant's response that is measured in an experiment
In what way have scientists Fritz Haber and Norman Borlaug helped to save more than a billion human lives on our planet?
They developed hybrid agricultural crops and synthetic fertilizer that allowed us to produce adequate food for the planet.
Which of the following best describes the response of members of the American Psychological Association to ethical issues in research?
They have developed codes of ethics for research with both human participants and animal subjects.
What event, in 1879, established psychology as a science?
Wundt added a laboratory experience to his experimental psychology lectures.
Dr. Morabian is conducting research that was inspired by studies published 10 years before he got his doctorate. He reads those studies, thinks about how they can be improved, and designs research that will extend their findings. Dr. Morabian's work demonstrates that science is:
cumulative
The __________ method is a research approach in which participants describe their experiences and behavior of a given day through systematic recollection on the following day
day reconstruction
The degree to which a study finding has been obtained under conditions that are typical for what happens in everyday life is called ____
ecological validity
Dr. Sharma wants to study the extent to which stress is related to suicidal ideation in people who suffer from depression. She gathers information about the level of stress, depressive symptoms, and suicidal thoughts a set of participants experience the day after they attend the funeral of a loved one. Because this study is assessing people under conditions that are not typical of everyday life, it is lacking in __________ validity
Ecological
What did Woolley's research on sex differences in emotions find?
Emotion does not influence women's decision-making more than men's
Dr. Tylka is conducting research about the risk of developing eating disorders in adolescent boys. She concludes that her findings apply not only to the sample of high school boys she studied, but to other males in other settings and contexts. In this regard, Dr. Tylka is stating that her findings have high __________ validity.
External validity
Which notable individual, who was a cousin of evolutionary theorist Charles Darwin, is credited with inventing the self-report questionnaire that allowed people to offer their own judgments or opinions on various matters?
Francis Galton
James, Hall, and Cattell were part of a group that embraced ______ and was influenced by evolutionary theory.
Functionalism
In which country was modern psychology developed?
Germany
The saying the "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts" represents to philosophy of ______ psychology.
Gestalt
Oladipo volunteers to be a participant in a research study. When he arrives at the laboratory, he is given a handout that describes the basic purposes of the research and explains that they are not obligated to participate in the study. This handout is related to the ethical consideration of ______ .
Informed consent
The degree to which a study allows unambiguous causal inferences has
Internal validity
When researchers take special care to include and control for every possible variable, the study is likely to have high ___________, even though the results may not generalize to a more realistic situation.
Internal validity
In order to yield information that is generalizable to the population from which it was drawn, a sample must be
Representive of the population
Who was Francis Cecil Sumner?
first African American to earn a PhD in psychology
Dr. Fikshunal is interested in how our bodies respond to being excluded from a group. Therefore, she decides to monitor the heart rate and cortisol levels of participants as they engage in their environment and indicate experiences when they felt ostracized. In this scenario, Dr. Fikshunal is:
studying daily physiology
What did Hooker's research help to accomplish?
t helped change attitudes about homosexuality
Who was Lightner Witmer?
the founder of clinical and school psychology
Imagine that you are part of a study that measures your heart rate and breathing throughout the day. For the most part, your heart rate and breathing only changes when you exercise or are very excited. However, it seems like every time you visit the researcher to get your equipment updated, your heart rate and breathing spike for seemingly no reason. This phenomenon is referred to as:
white coat hypertension
