Quiz 1 Geography
When did the domestication of animals begin?
During the Mesolithic period
Prior to the immigration legislation of 1965, European immigrants were favored. Following this legislation, ______.
the influx of poorer, less-skilled Asians and Hispanics has swelled
migration fields
the area from which a given city or place draws the majority of its in-migrants
Most immigrants tend to settle ______.
nearest their country of origin
When has full assimilation occurred?
When an ethnic group can no longer be distinguished from the wider society
Mobility refers to ______.
all types of human movement through space and time
_____ is the statistical study of human population. (Enter only one word per blank.)
demography it's different from population geography because it includes spatial analysis ( location, density, pattern, and relationship to the physical environment)
oldest religion
hinduism
thematic region
soil region
Houses built in a traditional form, but without formal architectural plans or drawings, are ______ house styles.
vernacular
_______ house styles consist of those houses built in a traditional form but lacking formal architectural plans or drawings.
vernacular
In regard to world language patterns, Indo-European languages have ______.
been carried far from their Eurasian homelands
disaggregate behavior
individual behavior
Positive attractions of a migration destination, such as employment opportunities or climate, are known as ______ _____
pull factors
What house style is the most common type in the United States?
ranch
functional region
region where most people shop at a particular shopping center
______ activities involve transforming raw materials into usable products.
secondary
A common settlement pattern found in much of the world consists of farmers ______.
settling in small, agricultural villages, creating a clustered rural population
______ are a combination of different beliefs and practices, as in the ethnic religions of the Far East
syncretisms
Migration, segregation, and isolation may lead to ______.
the development of separate, mutually unintelligible languages
critical distance graph
the distance beyond the cost, effort, and means strongly influence our willingness to travel
Crude Death Rate (CDR) or mortality rate
the number of deaths per 1,000 individuals per year
spatial search behavior
the process by which locational alternatives are evaluated
A space-time prism represents the ______.
volume of space and length of time within which our activities must be confined
First Law of Geography/Friction of Distance
*Everything is related to everything else, but near things are more closely related than far things. *"The friction of distance" means that the farther away something is, the less likely someone is to interact with it.
In general, immigrant groups ______.
are dominated by young, single people
Aggregate behavior
behavior of groups of people
______ bias states that from a given origin, flows are not random.
direction bias
the rate of ____ ___ is equal to the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate
natural increase
In ______ bias, the presence or absence of connecting channels affects the likelihood of spatial interaction.
network bias
_______ is defined as the zone of privacy and separation from others that the culture or the physical circumstances require or permit
personal space
People who speak a common language are part of a ______ community.
speech
Common examples of plantation crops are ______.
tea coffee rubber
Time geography is the study of the ______.
temporal characteristics of activities in conjunction with their spatial characteristics
absolute location
the exact location of a place using latitude and longitude
If there are acceptable costs of an exchange, then ______ conditions are met.
transferability
With regional geography's focus on understanding the physical and human characteristics of particular regions, it is said to be ______-oriented.
areal
A(n) _____ is the set of links or routes between places and the places themselves
network
_______ are the places in a network, and ______ are the connecting routes between the places.
nodes links
Place ____ is our beliefs, impressions, and feelings, rational or irrational, about the natural and cultural characteristics of an area and about its opportunity structure.
place perception
If our sense of place is unrealistic, it may reflect a ______
place stereotype
When considering migrating, individuals will assess the comparative ______ of their present location and any potential destination.
place utility
The location of natural resources is tied to the location of ______ industries.
primary industries
Spatial search behavior is the ______.
process by which locational alternatives are evaluated
Humankind's basic economic concern is ______.
producing or securing sufficient food resources
Select all of the following that are reasons modern Americans decide to migrate.
Changes of residence associated with individual personality Change in career course (promotion, transfer, retirement, etc.) Major life event (getting married, having children, getting a divorce, etc.)
The St. Lawrence Valley house types are primarily influenced by ______ settlement.
French
The fact that workers from the Midwest are more likely to seek jobs in Chicago than New York City is an example of a(n) ______.
intervening opportunity
Paleolithic (Old Stone Age)
the end of that period is when humans became more sedentary they stopped being hunter gatherers
In regard to mobility patterns in ethnic communities, which of the following statements is correct?
By the second generation, ethnic neighborhoods usually become far more diverse.
Of all the world's religions, _____ is the most territorially extensive belief system in the world.
Christianity
is the dominant international language, used in international air traffic control, diplomacy, most scientific publishing, and most international academic conferences.
English
demographic equation
NIR = CBR - CDR natural increase rate = crude birth rate- crude death rate
Transferability ______ a constant condition because it depends on what is being transferred, how it is being moved, and which places it is moving between.
NOT
The ______ song area is recognized for its unaccompanied solo singing in clear, hard tones. The ______ song area features unaccompanied, high-pitched, and nasal solo singing, whereas the ______ song area features storytelling songs with themes of natural beauty, personal valor, and feminine purity.
Northern; Western; South Backwoods and Appalachian
Select all of the following that are obstacles to diffusion and the spread of innovation.
Political restrictions Religious taboos Distance decay
The charter group, dominating urban North America since colonial times, is ______.
Protestant Anglo Americans
Select the four source regions for folk house styles for much of the United States and Canada.
Southern Coastal Middle Atlantic Mississippi Delta Northern
Which of these are the three variables that determine the extent of an individual's activity space?
Stage in life Opportunities Mobility means available
Which of the three immigrant waves to the United States was comprised mainly of Hispanics, particularly Mexicans?
Third wave
Which of the following activities would define an individual's activity space?
Trip to the park Grocery shopping Commute to work local places you go to for daily activities and you share with the community
True or false: Following a natural disaster, such as a major flood or earthquake, it is common for people to choose to resettle the hazardous sites.
True Reason: Numerous examples exist of areas devastated by a natural disaster having rapid resettlement.
When immigrants adopt the values, attitudes, ways of behavior, and speech of the receiving society, they are part of the _____ process
acculteration
A trip to the grocery store, bank, or place of work are all examples of an individual's ______ space, but a vacation overseas would not be.
activity space
Acculturation is the ______.
adoption by the immigrants of the values, attitudes, ways of behavior, and speech of the receiving society
Asians comprise ______ of the legal immigrant flow to the United States and are second only to ______ in their numbers of new arrivals.
almost one-third; Hispanics
A site's attractiveness for settlement is ______.
an expression of emotion and economic or cultural attraction
With regional geography's focus on understanding the physical and human characteristics of particular regions, it is said to be ________
areal oriented
_____ agriculture, farmers produce not to provide food for themselves, but primarily for a market off the farm itself.
commercial
relative direction
culturally based and locationally variable direction despite reference to cardinal compass points eg. "Near and Far East"
A culture _____ is a belated adoption of group consciousness and reestablishment of identifying traits
culture rebound
Settlement patterns reflect the ways that different ______ understand the relationship between ______.
cultures; between the individual and the wider group
If one individual from the United States asks a server at a restaurant for a "pop" and another guest asks for a "soda," the server may identify that the two guests come from different parts of the country. This recognizable speech variant is called a(n) ______.
dialect
The costs of travel and establishing a new home can be significant ____ barriers to migration, especially for the poor.
economic or financial
A lingua franca is generally a(n) ______.
established language used regularly for communication by people whose native tongues are mutually incomprehensible person's second language
Geographic information systems ______.
extend the use of digitized data and computer manipulation to investigate and display spatial information of all types
Global fertility and birth rates have been ____ , leading to the belief that world population numbers will peak earlier than expected.
falling
True or false: Upper- and middle-class members of an ethnic community tend to stay in the area first settled.
false these members of the immigrant group tend to move on.
Charges made for loading, transporting, and unloading goods are ______.
freight rates
Distance acts like a(n) ______, reducing human interaction
friction
Popular culture refers to the ______.
general mass of people continually adoptiing, conforming to, and abandoning ever-changing trends promoted by the mass and social media
The desirability of a location with known risk is ______.
generally an irrational assessment, based more on emotional, economic, or cultural attraction
Place names frequently consist of two parts: ______.
generic (classifying) and specific (modifying or particular)
Match the examples to the correct dimensionality that they usually represent as geographic features. water well highway forest oil deposit
geographic features are both natural and cultural like buildings, cornfields, cities, and countries zero dimensional feature (points) 1 dim (lines) 2 dim (areas/polygons) 3 dim (
Young adults are the most likely to migrate. People of almost all ages are less likely to migrate to another county than to migrate within their own county. Adults and young children show similar rates of migration.
graph interpret
The model _____________ taken from physics, says that the amount of interaction between two cities is proportional to the size of the cities and inversely proportional to their distance squared.
gravity model
The mobility of individuals with high incomes is ______, and their activity spaces can be ______.
great; broad wealthy are more mobile with cars and money for gas
______ is the world's oldest major religion and is largely confined to India, where 80 percent of the population practice it.
hinduism
The fundamental focus of geographers is on ______.
how cultural aspects are interrelated in different regions and the evidence of spatial characteristics or patterns
The spatial behavior of an individual depends on ______, that is, their cognition.
how people actually remember and reason about properties of themselves and the world what they believe to be true about themselves what they believe to be true about the world
People often resettle in high hazard areas after a major natural disaster in part because ______.
if they didn't suffer too much damage after the first occurrence, they are optimistic about their future
barriers
impede spatial interaction by blocking it totally, slowing it down, or redirecting it can be physical: mountains, oceans, freeways sociocultural: people speaking different languages, zoning laws the prohibit land-use activities psychological: areas that people are afraid of
_______ subsistence agriculture involves the cultivation of small land holdings through the expenditure of great amounts of labor per acre. Yields per unit and population densities are both high.
intensive agriculture
The migration of Europeans to North America is an example of ______.
intercontinental migration
Rank the following based on speed of flow/movement, with the fastest at the top and the slowest on the bottom.
internet connections letters and print media commodities
Alternative sources of supply located closer to the demand locale present ______.
intervening opportunities
place utility
is the value an individual places on a given residential site when considering migration.
An official language is the ______.
language designated by the government to be the required language of instruction in schools, government business, courts, etc
When English-speakers settled in North America, replacing the languages previously spoken in the areas of penetration, they participated in ______.
language diffusion
The dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 resulted in ______.
many ethnically based union republics seeking special territorial recognition
The locational decisions of producers and sellers of goods and services are ultimately driven by the desire to ______.
maximize profit
Intercontinental Migration
migration flow involving movement across international borders
a map
models portions of the Earth's surface
What is the alternative name for the crude death rate?
mortality rate
A speech community usually possesses a(n) ______.
number of more or less distinctive dialects standard language
a trait can be 3 things
object (fish hook) technique (weaving a fish net) belief (koi fish are sacred)
When a rural community protests the arrival of a Wal-Mart, desiring to sustain the local identity and variety of shops, they are demonstrating an aversion to ______.
placelessness
The International Style of office buildings consists ______.
primarily of glass, steel, and concrete materials, and one would find remarkable similarities between structures in a host of countries
_________ economic activities are those that harvest or extract something from the Earth. (Enter only one word per blank.)
primary
a dialect is
recognizable speech variant that may be used to mark the origin of the speaker
Rank the following age groups by activity space size, with the group with the smallest size at the top and the largest at the bottom.
school age kids high school kids adults
Many tourists visit Europe, not because of the preserved environment and natural wonders, but because of the ______ that presents visitors with a cultural experience of human-scale architecture existing within the natural landscape.
settled heritage landscape
Also known as slash-and-burn _______ _____ is a type of subsistence agriculture that is commonly found in warm, wet tropical climates.
shifting cultivation
Ethnic groups are composed of individuals who share ______.
some prominent cultural traits or characteristics
In terms of their geographical meaning, ______ implies areal extent in both an absolute and a relative sense, and ______ refers to the attributes and meanings we associate with a location.
space place
______ economy is one in which goods and services are created for the use of the producers and their kinship groups, with little exchange of goods.
subsistence
________ agriculture, each family or close-knit social group relies upon itself for its food and other most-essential requirements. Production for exchange is minimal.
subsistence
Land Division Systems Metes-and-bounds Rectangular Long-lot
system used by the English that described property boundaries using landform or water features or even prominent trees or unusual rocks in the United States with township and range survey lines orientated in the cardinal directions Used by the French and provided each settler with narrow river frontage
Going on vacation, taking a trip to the store, and going to work are all examples of ______.
temporary travel
complementarity
the actual or potential relationship of 2 places or regions that each produce different goods or services for which the other has an effective demand this results in an exchange
counter migration
the return of migrants to the regions from which they earlier emigrated
A dialect may become ______ language as a result of its association with the most prestigious and powerful members of the community.
the standard
place utility
the usefulness of a good or service as a function of the location at which it is made available
network bias
the view that the pattern of links in a network will affect the likelihood of flows between specific nodes
How does commodity flows
the world's resources and products are never uniformly distributed they are linked between the points of supply and locales demands
____ _____ ______ is the average number of children a woman will have over the course of her childbearing years.
total fertility rate
The "great migration" of African Americans in the United States ______.
was from the South to the North occurred in response to a decline of subsistence farming and share-cropping and the mechanization of agriculture took place between 1940 and 1970
______ _______ model traces the changing levels of human fertility and mortality through time as societies become more industrialized.
demographic transition model
The five factors controlling the economic activities of humans are the physical environment, cultural considerations, political decisions, technological development, and ______.
economic factors
geography is the study of how people earn their living and how livelihood systems vary from place to place.
economic geography
Which of the following is considered the most important incentive for migration?
economic opportunity
______ is the study of spatial variation, how and why things differ from place to place on the Earth, and how observable spatial patterns evolved through time.
geography
Spatially fixed costs spatially variable costs
Input costs of manufacturing are relatively unaffected no matter where the industry is located within a regional or national setting Input costs of manufacturing show significant differences from place to place
Which of the following statements describes the concept of distance decay?
Interaction decreases as distance increases.
Full ______ occurs when an ethnic group can no longer be distinguished from the wider society.
assimilation
True or false: The country with the highest percentage of its population aged 65 and older is China.
false, Japan
absolute direction
based on global standards North, south, east, west when the sun is up and down
Reilly's Breaking-Point Law ______.
calculates the location between two towns where the boundary separating the market areas of the towns would be located
Carrying ________ is the number of persons supportable within a given area by the technologies at their disposal.
carrying capacity
The flow of Scandinavian migrants to Minnesota and Wisconsin during the 19th century is an example of ______ migration.
channelized migration
A personal communication field's size and shape are defined by the individual's ______.
contacts in work, recreation, shopping, school, or other regular activities
With human population growth slowing down, population size is expected to ______ by 2050.
continue to increase
Which of the following are included in the demographic equation?
death rates migration birthrates
The decreasing cost of transport and the development of communication technology have allowed for instantaneous interactions, which have contributed to increased ______, making people around the world more interconnected than ever before.
globalization
What term expresses the increasing interconnection of people and societies all over the world?
globalization
When Pizza Hut offers toppings of spicy chicken sausage or pickled ginger in India or eggs in Australia, this is an example of ______.
glocalization adaptation of globalized products to fit local contexts
The ______ system was used by the English, and it described property boundaries using landform or water features or even prominent trees or unusual rocks. The ______ system was used in the United States with township and range survey lines orientated in the cardinal directions. The ______ system was used by the French and provided each settler with narrow river frontage.
metes-and-bounds; rectangular; long-lot
______ is an important issue as it affects national economic structures, population density, and ethnic, linguistic, and religious mixtures.
migration
A migration ______ is an area or areas that dominate a locale's in- and out-migration.
migration field
Most future population growth in developed countries will be due to ______ from past high fertility, and ______ will be an inevitable consequence of the recent changes in fertility.
momentum; aging
Hispanics are the ______ minority group in the United States.
most rapidly growing
The location of ______ influences the location of primary industries.
natural resources
The most extensive type of land-use agriculture, with the greatest amount of land area per person sustained, is ______.
nomadic herding
_____________ is the relationship between the number of inhabitants and the area they occupy.
population density
_______ a powerful tool for visualizing and comparing a population's age and sex composition
population pyramid
A(n) ____________ model provides an estimate of the interaction opportunities available to a center in a multicentered network by summing the interaction attractiveness and distance relationships between all points of potential interaction within an area. (Use only one word per blank.)
potential
Overcrowding, unemployment, and a lack of opportunity are all ____ factors, that is, factors that may drive the decision to migrate
push factors
Technologies, such as the Internet and communication satellites, have ______ time separation and have ______ cost separation.
reduced, reduced
Food is an important distinguishing element of cultural groups because it ______.
reflects conditions in the local environment where specific items were cultivated, gathered, or hunted
The law of ______ states that large cities have greater drawing power for individuals than do small ones.
retail gravitation The formula that tells what is the boundary line of the market area functional regions around two cities' trade areas
A heritage landscape consists of a ______.
settled cultural site and its associated natural landscape
In Brazil, the popular sport is ______. In the Dominican Republic, the main sport is ______, whereas in Canada, the dominant sport is ______.
soccer; baseball; hockey
People speaking different languages and zoning laws that disallow certain land-use activities can serve as sociocultural _________ to social interaction.
sociocultural barriers
Which part of the world is the most populous?
south asia
When automobiles and expressways became widely available, U.S. cities underwent geographic expansion as the friction of distance was reduced. This is an example of ______.
space time compression
To problem solve for traffic control, mass transit, and highway or parking structure design, a geographer may study a ______ because that dictates how far people can travel in a given time period.
space-time budget
______________ is the term used to describe when the friction of distance is reduced by lowered costs or increased ease of flow.
space-time compression
A graph depicting a person's activity locations and movements around the landscape plotted against time is known as a(n) ______.
space-time path
_________________ warned in 1798 that human population growth, if unchecked, would outstrip the potential for increasing food supplies to meet human subsistence needs.
thomas malthus
If a minority group invades charter-group territory, there is a ______, or level, at which a rapid massive exodus of the majority population will occur.
tipping point
relative location
where a place is located in relation to its surrounding objects
Cultural groups may be distinguished by their food habits, ______
which are the product of local circumstances and the species cultivated or adapted to the local environmental conditions
When referring to the music of folk, ethnic, and minority groups in any culture, one may call it ______ music.
world
This is an informational counterpart to a person's activity space.
A personal communication field
This country's government imposes minimum levels of required national content on their television and radio broadcasts.
Canada
______ can integrate GPS, remote sensing, and other forms of spatial data.
Geographic information systems
Select all of the following regions that have had ethnic minorities demanding special territorial recognition.
Indian subcontinent Former Soviet Union
Select all of the major cultural hearths that emerged in the Neolithic period.
Indus Valley Southeast Asia Mesopotamia Northern China Egypt Crete
Partial displacement migrations
Migrants move to a new residence nearby, with new activity spaces overlapping some with their former home ranges.
Total displacement migrations
Migrants travel so far that they have completely new activity spaces that do not overlap at all with their former home ranges.
What Canadian province has won itself special consideration and treatment within the political structure of the country on account of its uniqueness and self-assertion?
Québec
Which of the following correctly describe some trends in maintaining linguistic identity?
The United Kingdom now has some bilingual road and informational signs. Spain is now recognizing Catalan as a co-official language in its home region. France has dropped its ban on teaching regional tongues.
_____ migration occurs when two locations are tied socially and economically such that there is a strong flow of migrants between them.
channelized migration
______ has led to calls for immigration restrictions or even violence toward outsiders.
Xenophobia
The shotgun house of the Southern hearth dealt with the local heat and humidity with its distinctive design solution that included ______.
a narrow structure to provide excellent cross ventilation
A person's knowledge of opportunity locations beyond their normal activity space is called ______ space.
awareness space
Which world religion began in India in the 6th century BCE and was founded by Siddhartha Gautama?
buddhism
xenophobia
deep-rooted and unreasonable fears of foreigners on the part of the host society
_____ ______ summarizes the contribution to regional population change by natural change (births minus deaths) and net migration.
demographic equation
space-time compression
describes the reduction in the time it takes for something to reach another place
Natural hazards are ______.
elements, processes, or events in the environment that can cause harm to humans
True or false: Since the middle of the 20th century, rapid population growth has exceeded food supplies, leading to problems with malnutrition in many parts of the world and an inability to meet humankind's basic economic concern of producing or securing sufficient food resources.
false Food production has increased along with the global population.
In regard to the Middle Atlantic house types, the ______ style was carried from the Delaware Valley and Chesapeake Bay into Appalachia and the trans-Appalachian interior, and the ______ formed the basis for the rowhouses found in the larges cities of the Middle Atlantic region, such as Baltimore and Philadelphia.
log cabin; four-over-four house
A formal, structured transmission of information that is essentially a one-way flow between single points of origin and broad areas of reception is called ______.
mass communication
process of diffusion
relocation: transported by people who leave their origin permanently and share with new location expansion: idea remains or is still intensified in the place of origin
A ______ is a type of monetary gift or payment, often involving a person working in one country who sends the funds to their family in a poor country.
remittance
______ is a modern geospatial technology used in detecting the nature of an object and the content of an area from a distance.
remote sensing
The level of fertility at which populations replace themselves is referred to as the ______
replacement levels
_____ migration involves a place transition through a series of less-extreme location changes
step migration
A farmer in India who produces rice and vegetables primarily for the family's consumption is primarily engaging in a ______ economy.
subsistence
2 types of mobility
temporary travel migration (permanent resident)
The study of the temporal characteristics of activities in conjunction with their spatial characteristics is known as ____ ______
time geography
Secularism is the ______.
weakening of the influence of religion and an indifference to or rejection of religious belief
The extent of mobility of individuals is most closely related to ______.
wealth
How is social distance measured?
By the separation of the minority from the charter group in immigrant neighborhoods
is the term used to describe a tendency to evaluate other cultures against the standards of one's own.
Ethnocentrism
Select six of the following that are the most important immigrant gateways in the United States.
New Jersey New York California Texas Florida Illinois
is transferability a constant condition?
No it differs between places over time, what is being transferred, and how it is to be moved
Select all of the following reasons that have been identified to explain why people resettle areas of known natural hazard risk.
People believe the likelihood of recurrence is low. If they suffered great damage in the past, they feel that the odds are in their favor that it won't happen to them again. People who did not suffer much damage in the past are optimistic about their future.
Which of these statements about population projections are true?
Population projections assume that current conditions will apply in the future. Population projections are based on incomplete data. Demographers commonly present more than one population projection for an area, each based on different conditions.
When a pidgin language evolves to become the first language of a group of speakers who have lost their former native tongue, the new language is referred to as a(n)
creole
The _____ ______ _____ is the number of live births per 1000 population per year.
crude birth rate
Forced Reluctant Voluntary
The relocation of people within China in order to build the Three Gorges Dam The relocation of people following Hurricane Katrina The movement of people looking for employment
______ suggested that without preventative checks on population growth by societies, overpopulation will lead to catastrophic checks through famine, war, and disease.
Thomas Malthus
______ is the study of the size, composition, and spatial distribution of the human population.
population geography
The ______ had some of the most dramatic impacts on the ways humans spent their daily lives and interacted with their natural environment in all of human history.
agricultural revolution was towards the end of the paleolithic age
Humans do not make decisions only rationally or consciously; instead, many decisions are influenced by emotions and ______.
attitudes
cultural _____ is the study of the relationship between a culture group and the natural environment that it occupies
cultural ecology
The interlocking nature of all aspects of a culture is known as cultural ______.
cultural integration
A significant proportion of the world's fish harvest is used for ______.
livestock feed and fertilizers
Concerns over a multinational "superstate" under the European Union has resulted in a(n) ______.
charter encouraging the use of indigenous languages in schools, the media, and public life
Geographers examining human spatial behavior do so at the ______ level.
disaggregate level
objects
discrete entities that are designated to a space examples: roads and mountains, individual people
____ considerations involved in the decision to migrate include the push factors of famine and unemployment and the pull factor of employment opportunities.
economic
Secondary activities ______.
involve transforming raw materials into usable products
The study of spatial interaction in human geography is focused on the behavior of groups of people, not individuals. This is referred to as ______ behavior.
aggregate
Preagricultural people, or hunter-gatherers, include ______.
all those living at the end of the Paleolithic period
Subcultures ______.
are groups that may be distinguished from the larger culture by their own distinct cultural patterns
spatial interaction
contact between places the movement of people, ideas, and commodities (goods bought and sold, gold) from place to place examples: international trade, the movement of semitrailers on the expressways, radio broadcasts, and business or personal telephone calls
A measure of the number or quantity of a specific feature within a defined unit of area or simply in relation to the space in which it is found is called ______.
density
What is the purpose of a model? (Select all that apply.)
To allow geographers to conduct experiments on a simulation of a portion of reality instead of the reality itself To allow geographers to conduct experiments on a simulation of a portion of reality instead of the reality itself
Geography is considered to have developed ______ other disciplines such as anthropology, demography, geology, ecology, and economics.
before
Transferability is ______.
when conditions of acceptable costs of an exchange are met
Scale is ______.
the relationship between size or length of a feature on a map compared to the same item on Earth's surface
The term ethnicity is based on the root word ethnos, which means ______.
"people" or "nation"
What would be the crude birth rate for a country with a population of 80 million and 2 million births per year?
2 million/ 80 million= 25 births/population
Replacement level, the level of fertility at which populations replace themselves, is equal to a total fertility rate of ______.
2.1-2.5
A 2007 estimate of the number of people that have migrated out of their country of birth found that it was roughly 1 out of every ______ people alive.
33 3%
The doubling time for a population with a rate of increase of 1 percent is ______ years.
70
Popular culture
A globally influenced or less distinctive culture that provides some unification among formerly distinctive groups
transferability and its three conditions
Acceptable costs of a spatial exchange; the cost of moving a commodity relative to the ability of the commodity to bear that cost. - he characteristics and value of the product - the distance measured in time and money penalties over which it is moved - the ability of the commodity to bear the costs of movement
What would you include in a graph of a person's space-time path?
Activity locations and movements around the landscape Time (weekly, yearly, or even lifetime)
Which of the following statements correctly depicts current changes in the geography of religion?
Christianity and Islam have made dramatic expansions into Africa in areas once primarily associated with traditional religions.
Which of these is not one of the five factors controlling the economic activities of humans?
Dependency ratios
Which of the following examples is a themed landscape?
Disneyland's Main Street U.S.A. A chain restaurant that has a simulated Amazonian rain-forest experience A clothing store for teenagers the re-creates a California surf shack look
Rule of 70
Doubling time (in years) = 70/(percentage growth rate).
The ______ feature(s) relocation diffusion of Old World concepts and artifacts into the New World, whereas the ______ was(were) created by a complex of English, Scotch-Irish, Swedish, and German influences with a pioneering "midland" culture.
East Coast cultural hearths; Delaware River hearth
united states regions and the types of songs northern south backwoods and Appalachian western
Featured unaccompanied solo singing in clear, hard tones Featured unaccompanied, high-pitched, and nasal solo singing Featured storytelling songs with themes of natural beauty, personal valor, and feminine purity
Select all of the following that are true for the "doctrine of first effective settlement."
Geographer Wilbur Zelinsky developed the principle. No matter how tiny an initial band of settlers may be, that first group is able to effect the later social and cultural geography of the area.
counterreaction to globalization of popular culture Canada Iran, Singapore, and China Bahrain, China, Cuba, Ethiopia, Iran, Myanmar, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Uzbekistan, and Vietnam
Imposes minimum national content on television and radio broadcasters Restrict Western radio and television programming from reaching their people Impose pervasive Internet surveillance and censorship and demand that some search engines filter content to confirm with official restrictions and limitations
In Western Europe, the transition from stage 1 to stage 2 of the demographic transition model followed the _____ ____ when societies transitioned from rural to urban
Industrial Revolution
Which one of the following is not a way to increase food production?
Increase the variety of crops grown on each acre
Select all of the following that are true regarding Hinduism
It is the world's oldest major religion. It is a polytheistic religion. Adherents are largely from India.
Select all of the following that correctly describe Buddhism.
It was started by Siddhartha Gautama. It began in India. It was founded in the 6th century BCE.
In what ways is Québec unique and/or standing apart from the rest of Canada? (Select all that apply.)
Legal principles Language Religion System of land tenure
Select all of the following that may result in the development of separate, mutually unintelligible languages.
Migration Segregation Isolation
The four source regions for folk house styles for much of the United States and Canada are Northern, Middle Atlantic, Southern Coastal, and ______.
Mississippi Delta
intracontinental migration
Permanent movement from one country to a different country on the same continent.
Select all of the following that correctly depict glocalization.
Pizza Hut offers toppings of spicy chicken sausage or pickled ginger in India or eggs in Australia. McDonald's sells McVeggie and McCurry Pan in India or kosher Big Macs in Israel.
Which of the following are forms of distinctive landscape elements of ethnic communities?
Places of worship Gardens Monuments Architecture Specialty shops Farming practices
US culture hearths and their characteristics East cost cultural hearths Delaware river hearth salt lake hearth
Relocation diffusion of Old World concepts and artifacts into the New World Created by a complex of English, Scotch-Irish, Swedish, and German influences with a pioneering "midland" culture Marked the western penetration by the Mormons, with their distinctive religion
Which of these are the four areas of the world that contain great population clusters?
South Asia Northeastern United States East Asia Europe
Which of these is not a focus of economic geography?
Spatial distribution of political entities
Gravity Model of Spatial Interaction
Spatial interaction or "gravity models" estimate the flow of people, material or information between locations in geographic space. Factors can include origin propulsive variables such as - the number of commuters in residential areas - destination attractiveness variables such as the amount of office space in employment areas - proximity relationships between the locations measured in terms such as driving distance or travel time.
The Norman cottage, with its steeply pitched, hipped roofs and wide or upturned eaves, characteristic of the Normandy region of northern France, is found in the ______.
St. Lawrence Valley
Select all of the following characteristics that are true for the ranch-style house.
Symbolized a casual lifestyle Connected with the outdoors through sliding, glass patio doors Inspired by modern architecture's rejection of ornamentation Sprawling and low-slung in form
What factor has been very important in recent years in overcoming barriers to human interaction, allowing rapid diffusion of information worldwide?
Technological advancements, including the Internet and communication satellites
crude birth rate
The annual number of live births per 1000 population, without regard to age or sex composition. so this is slightly inaccurate
Why is the crude birth rate considered less refined than the total fertility rate?
The crude birth rate includes members of the population who cannot give birth.
Select all of the following that are associated with a dialect becoming the standard language.
The dialect is adopted as the accepted written and spoken norm in administration and/or education. The dialect is associated with the most prestigious and powerful members of the community. A rich literary tradition may involve the dialect.
intervening opportunity
The idea that migrants will choose a location closer rather than farther if all other factors are roughly the same
folk culture
The material and nonmaterial aspects of daily life preserved by small, local groups partially or totally isolated from the mainstream current of the larger society around them collective heritage of institutions, customs, skills, dress, stories, music, and way of life of a small, stable, close-knit, usually rural community
Universalizing religions Ethnic religions Tribal religions
The most widespread group of religions on the planet Are regionally confined or may spread but only slowly over long time periods Tend to contract spatially over time as its members are incorporated into the modern world or are converted to a universalizing religion
crude death rate
The number of deaths per year per 1,000 people.
first wave second wave third wave
Was comprised of white arrivals from western and northern Europe and African slaves Heavily comprised of eastern and southern Europeans and Scandinavians Hispanics, particularly Mexicans, dominated the inflow
According to the World Bank's estimates, immigrants from poor countries have sent ______ of dollars in traceable remittance back to their country of origin.
billions
The spatial behavior of an individual depends on what they believe to be true about themselves and the world, as well as how people actually remember and reason about properties of themselves and the world——essentially, their ______.
cognition
An ethnic residential cluster that endures may be termed a ______.
colony
Areas of ethnic concentration, which are the dispersed and rural counterparts of urban ethnic neighborhoods, are known as ethnic
ethnic islands
The demographic transition model describes how societies go through ______ stages as they become more industrialized and birth and death rates change.
five stages
World Englishes are ______.
increasing in number and may result more "English" speakers being unable to understand one another
In the gravity model, the ______ is represented as k and is a mathematical way to get the interaction numbers to work out properly.
interaction or social "constant"
Any systematic method of communicating ideas, attitudes, and intent through the use of mutually understood signs, sounds, or gestures can be called _____
language
_____ agriculture, each family or close-knit social group relies upon itself for its food and other most-essential requirements. Production for exchange is minimal.
subsistence
In most of Africa, much of Latin America, and most of southern and eastern Asia, the majority of the people satisfy their food needs through ______.
subsistence agriculture
The decrease in mortality rates that marks the transition from stage 1 to stage 2 of the demographic transition model was much more rapid for developing countries due to ______.
the rapid introduction of Western medical technologies
There is a rise in the number of World Englishes because ______.
there are more non-native speakers of English than those for whom English is their first language it is widely spoken across great distances, where it is influenced by cultural differences
In ______ displacement migrations, migrants travel so far that they have completely new activity spaces that do not overlap at all with their former home ranges. In ______ displacement migrations, migrants move to a new residence nearby, with new activity spaces overlapping some with their former home ranges.
total partial
The amalgamation theory is most like the ______.
traditional "melting pot" concept, whereby many merging immigrant ethnic heritages create an American mainstream
Which group in society is typically the most likely to migrate?
young adult
Personal space is defined as the ______.
zone of privacy and separation from others that the culture or the physical circumstances require or permit
From this table, it can be seen that the doubling time needed to take the world population from 250 million to 500 million was 1,650 years. Using the Rule of 70, you can calculate that the growth rate during this period was ______ percent.
0.04
______ have made dramatic expansions into Africa in areas once primarily associated with traditional religions.
Christianity and Islam
The most basic measure of population density, ______ density, is the calculation of the number of people per unit area of land.
arithmetic density
Demographers have noted a growing demographic divide between countries with low _____ rates and those with higher rates.
birth
A social scientist would use the term ________ to describe a group of people's specialized behavior patterns, understandings, adaptations, and social systems.
culture
Transnational corporations are driving globalization by ______.
diffusing business to underdeveloped regions by hiring their lower-wage workers, while simultaneously integrating them into the global economy
Language ______ occurs when a language area expands or relocates over time in a geographic area where it is spoken.
diffusion
An executive contemplating a job transfer to New York City might consider cost-of-living differences before moving. This is an example of a(n) ______ barrier to migration.
economic barrier
direction bias
flows are not random; certain places have a greater attraction than others
During the early phases of the ______, energy-intensive activities, such as textile mill operations, were located near water power sites.
industrial revolution
Both major and minor changes within culture are induced by
innovation diffusion acculturation (assimilate to a different culture)
The movement of people within a country is called ____ migration
interregional migration
Global positioning systems, remote sensing, and geographic information systems are all ______.
interrelated geospatial technologies determine exact geographic locations based on the time delay in signals received from satellites
A(n) ______ model, based on the principles of social gravity, looks at the possible interactions between many points within a given area.
potential model
A(n)_____ is the frequency of the occurrence of an event during a given time frame; for example, the number of college graduates per year.
rate
Transferability is a function of the ______, the ______, and the ______.
1) characteristics and value of the product 2) the distance, measured in time and money penalties, over which it must be moved 3) the ability of the commodity to bear the costs of movement
Fish and shellfish account for ______ percent of all human animal protein consumption.
17%
If the crude death rate of a country is 32 per 1,000 and the crude birth rate is 50 per 1,000, what is the rate of natural increase?
18/1000= 1.8%
Despite the slowing rate of population growth, it is predicted that the world's population will be around ______ billion inhabitants in 2050.
9.8 billion
Which of the following are appropriate definitions for language?
An organized system of spoken words by which people communicate with one another with mutual comprehension Any systematic method of communicating ideas, attitudes, and intent through the use of mutually understood signs, sounds, or gestures
Select all of the following that correctly describe mass communication.
Formal, structured transmission of information "Space filling" by its very nature Essentially a one-way flow between single points of origin and broad areas of reception
Interregional Migration
Permanent movement from one region of a country to another.
The art and science of maps and map-making is called ______.
cartography
The process by which an idea or innovation is transmitted from one individual or group to another across space is called ______
diffusion
five civilized tribes between 1825 and 1840 is an example of _____ migration
forced migration
Two ways to increase food production are to expand the land area under cultivation and to ______.
increase crop yields from existing farmlands
Western fruit growers responding to an increase in demand in California decreases the importance of Midwestern markets for their products. This is an example of a(n) ______ opportunity.
intervening opportunity
administrative region
politically determined, boundaries are exact countries
__________ is contact between places; it means the movement of people, ideas, and commodities from place to place.
spatial interaction
northern slav Croatian Moorish basque
A one-story "smoking-room" house south of the Danube River, with a covered entrance and stables all under one roof A one-story, straw-roofed house a country farmstead White stucco home trimmed with dark green or ochre paint on the shutters
Select all of the following that constitute folk customs.
Conventions regulating social life Artistic traditions Repeated, characteristic acts
Which of the following correctly describe changes in human culture as a result of the implementation of agriculture?
Human cultivators assumed a more sedentary residence. Human cultivators developed labor specializations. Human cultivators created more formalized and expansive religious structures.
Which of these would be considered primary economic activities?
Mineral extraction Fishing through aquaculture Industrial farming of cattle Forestry
Which of the following statements is true for the United States in regard to direction bias?
Northerners and southerners tend to be less well informed about each other's areas than about the western part of the country.
What is population momentum?
Population growth that is driven by a young population formed by past high fertility rates
Where are the highest concentrations of Asian Americans found?
States bordering the Pacific Ocean
Select the four principal functions of self-elected segregation.
Support Group assertion Defense Preservation
Reilly's Law of Retail Gravitation
The BREAKING POINT LOCATION is equal to the distance between two towns divided by 1, plus the square root of the population of one town divided by the population of the second town.
Natural Rate of Increase (NIR)
The percentage by which a population grows in a year NOT INCLUDING MIGRATION NIR = (birth rate - death rate)
middle atlantic house type log cabin four over four house I house
This style was carried from the Delaware Valley and Chesapeake Bay into Appalachia and the trans-Appalachian interior. This style formed the basis for the rowhouses found in the larges cities of the Middle Atlantic region, such as Baltimore and Philadelphia This style became prominent in the Upper South and southern Midwest in 19th century.
Which of the following religion groups tends to be the most widespread?
Universalizing religions
The demographic transition model was originally devised to describe the experience of ______.
Western European countries
Awareness space is ______.
a person's knowledge of opportunity locations beyond their normal activity space
perceptual region
a region defined by popular feelings and images rather than by objective data a culturally shared understanding of what constitutes "downtown"
Complementarity refers to _____.
a surplus of a good in one area and a demand for that same good, as well as the power to acquire it, in another area
A(n) ______ is the area in which a person moves freely on his or her rounds of regular activity.
activity space
The I house was adapted to the hot and humid environmental conditions in the South by ______.
adding sun-blocking porches along the entire length of the house
A consequence of the global demographic transition from high to low rates of fertility and mortality is ______ of the population.
aging
movement bias
any aggregate control on or regularity of movement of people, commodities, or communication. (Included are distance bias, direction bias, and network bias.)
The formalization of religion at the end of the Neolithic period involved a rise in established religious leader positions that focused increasingly on ______.
authenticating the timing and structure of rituals With the rise in agricultural practices, religions tied their rituals to seasonal occurrences.
The average age of the population of a destination country for immigrants will decrease because ______.
birth rates increase with the influx of immigrants immigrants tend to be younger
_____ migration occurs along an established migrant flow from a common origin to a prepared destination.
chain migration
Demographic Transition Model
change in a population from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates
Modern Americans decide to migrate as a result of a major life event (getting married, having children, getting a divorce, etc.), change in career course (promotion, transfer, retirement, etc.), or ______.
changes of residence associated with individual personality
Groups such as eastern European Jews and Irish Catholics immigrating to the United States and Southern blacks immigrating from rural to urban areas were still influenced by the ______, that is, the Protestant Anglo Americans.
charter group
Following the devastating earthquake in the Tangshan area of China, with about a quarter-million casualties, as well as the cyclone in Bangladesh in 1970 that killed about 500,000 people, humans ______.
chose to rapidly rebuild and resettle the areas
In preference map studies, ______ is often rated highly and favored in tourism and migration decisions.
climate
If you were forced to leave your country due to a famine, but you later return to your country of origin, you took part in ______ migration.
counter migration
____ migration is the flow of migrants to the regions from which they originally emigrated.
counter migration
Using a behavioral approach, geographers hope to understand how individuals make spatial behavioral decisions and then use that information to ______.
create models to explain collective actions
The Neolithic period can be characterized as a time of ______.
creation of an advanced set of tools and technologies to serve an expanding, sedentary population
Which of the following would be considered the extreme opposite of environmental determinism?
cultural autonomy
The concept of cultural __________ assumes that all cultures would be equally likely to develop any particular set of cultural traits regardless of their environmental circumstances.
cultural autonomy autonomy = self governed
________ landscape is a blended work of nature and culture, displaying human-environment interactions.
cultural landscape
A culture ______ is comprised of individual cultural traits that are functionally interrelated.
culture complex
Folk ______ are the repeated, characteristic acts, behavioral patterns, artistic traditions, and conventions regulating the social lives of a people in a distinctive area.
customs
With ______ bias, even though there are many possible directions of movement, actual flows are restricted to only one or a few. Listen to the complete question
direction
The Germans living in the Appalachian uplands, the Middle West, and Texas are examples of ______.
ethnic islands
True or false: Today, total population numbers are strongly affected by emigration.
false In general, total population numbers are too great to be affected much by emigration.
True or false: A lingua franca is generally a person's primary and/or native tongue.
false Reason: A lingua franca is generally a person's second language, learned in addition to their primary and/or native tongue.
True or false: Birth and death records provide the most accurate population data for the world.
false Reason: Many countries do not have complete systems for registering births and deaths.
Waldo Tobler's statement "Everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things" describes the _____________
first law of geography
______ culture is the collective heritage of institutions, customs, skills, dress, stories, music, and way of life of a small, stable, close-knit, usually rural community.
folk
The material and nonmaterial aspects of daily life preserved by small, local groups, partially or totally isolated from the mainstream current of the larger society around them, are referred to as ______ culture, whereas a globally influenced or less distinctive culture that provides some unification among formerly distinctive groups is known as ______ culture.
folk; popular
When population exceeds the carrying capacity of the land, that potentially leads to reduced ______.
food security
_________ _________ is a measure of access to safe and nutritious food supplies sufficient to meet individual dietary needs.
food security
The fact that we shop at stores located closer to us more frequently than at stores more distant from us is an example of ______.
friction of distance
Innovation, as it relates to culture, implies changes to a culture that result ______.
from ideas created within the social group itself and adopted by the culture
The ______ the perceived differences between the minority group and the charter group, the ______ the social distance.
greater; greater
The Green Revolution ______ world food production.
increased
Refugees leaving a war-torn country and entering a neighboring country on foot are participating in ______ migration. A person taking a job in another part of the country is participating in ______ migration.
intracontinental; interregional
World music is music that ______.
is strongly rooted in the folk and/or ethnic traditions of a non-Western culture but often blended with Western music
Which world religion has the following characteristics: it emerged 3,000 to 4,000 years ago in the Near East, it is closely identified with a single ethnic group, its adherents believe in a single God, and its monotheism laid the foundation for both Christianity and Islam?
judaism
In the gravity model, the interaction or social "constant" is represented by ______ and is used as a mathematical way to get the interaction numbers to work out properly as the output of the equation.
k
The amalgamation theory, whereby many immigrant ethnic heritages merge into a composite mainstream culture, has ______.
largely been rejected because in modern experience, immigrants have been shown to strongly retain their ethnic identity
Hispanics are the ______ minority group, and they account for ______ percent of the U.S. population.
largest; 18%
The observation that large cities have greater drawing power for individuals than do small ones is the ______.
law of retail gravitation
Networks are made up places, and the routes that connect them are known in abstract terms as ______.
links
A ______ map is an internal model or representation of an area or an environment developed by an individual on the basis of information or impressions received, interpreted, and stored. (Use only one word per blank.)
mental
reluctant migration
migration that occurs when people choose to leave their homes although they don't want to indonesians in aggressive governmental campaign
A(n) _____ bias is created by the predictable flows of people and commodities to specific areas that reinforces continuation of that same pattern.
movement bias
Islam's followers are called ______, and its holy book is the ______.
muslims koran
The primary tool for collecting data on population is a national ______
national census
_______ bias is a type of movement bias that specifically takes into account the effect of connecting channels, such as transportation and communication, between two locations to predict spatial interaction.
network
Estimates of future population size, age, and sex composition are called population ______.
population projections
Intervening opportunities ______ supply/demand interactions that might develop between distant complementary areas.
reduce
The process of dispersion of an idea or an item from a center of origin to more distant points with which it is directly or indirectly connected is called
spatial diffusion the rate and extent is determined by - population density - means of communication -
A person's ______, the means of mobility at their command, and the demands or opportunities present in their daily activities are the three variables that determine the extent of an individual's activity space.
stage in life
In regard to our cognition of place, we ______.
tend to have direction bias with greater knowledge of places in some directions than others
What is the term used for an emotional attachment to home ground and the desire to defend it?
territoriality
As a result of early 20th-century immigration streams, ______.
there exists temporary ethnic segregation by urban neighborhoods and between central cities and suburbs
All societies have value systems, but they become a religion when ______.
they involve practices of formal or informal worship they address question of meaning and ultimate significance
______ is an expression of the mobility of a commodity and is a function of the characteristics and value of the product, the distance over which it must be moved, and the ability of the commodity to bear the costs of movement.
transferability
Which statement correctly describes the gravity model as it relates to human spatial interaction?
we travel to distant big cities to seek fortune rather than near small places because people are attracted by the expectation of opportunity at A LARGER PLACE than smaller **** The amount of interaction between two cities is proportional to the size of the cities and inversely proportional to their distance squared.
The tangible physical record of a given culture, such as in their house types, transportation networks, parks, etc., is referred to as the ______
cultural landscape formed by grouping a set of culture regions that show related culture complexes The Earth was modified by human action
The term culture _____ describes centers of innovation and invention from which clusters of key culture traits and elements moved to exert an influence on surrounding regions.
culture hearth a culture that innovates spreads their ideas across the nation
Studying the behavior of individuals, as opposed to the behavior of groups, focuses on ______ behavior.
disaggregate behavior
Friction of Distance
A measure of the retarding or restraining effect of distance on spatial interaction. Generally, the greater the distance, the greater the cost of achieving the exchange. farther = it takes more time and money to get the goods compared to something closer farther has less interaction
Culture hearths that emerged in the Neolithic period include all of the following
Crete the Indus Valley Egypt Mesopotamia
Select all of the following that are a part of the New Urbanism planning movement.
Includes mixed-use buildings with offices and residences on the upper floors Promotes walkability Creates the "localized" feel of small towns
Which of the following statements is true regarding the cultural landscape?
It involves evidence of a human-environment interaction.
Select all of the following that are true of Islam.
It is a monotheistic belief system. It means "submission." The holy book is the Koran. Muhammed is revered as the prophet of Allah (God).
Select all of the following statements that are true for Judaism.
It is closely identified with a single ethnic group. Adherents believe in a single God.
What can be learned from the present world distribution of major language families?
Migration patterns and conquests of our linguistic ancestors Pattern of recent human movement, settlement, and colonization
step migration
Migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages, for example, from farm to nearby village and later to a town and city
The U.S. Census Bureau reports that, after work and family proximity, ______ is the most often reported reason for interstate moves by adults of all ages.
climate
Which of the following is not a form of distinctive landscape elements of ethnic communities?
clothing styles
A(n) ______ is a population group distinguished by a specified common characteristic; for example, those people born between 1985 and 1990. (Enter only one word per blank.) Listen to the complete question
cohort
The fact that there is a surplus of goods in one location and a deficit in another is the basis of ______.
complementarity
spatial interaction is controlled by three flow determining factors
complementary transferability intervening opportunity
fields
continuous ly varying surfaces on Earth that completely covers the space of the landscape examples: human population, avg precip, bodies of water
the principle of ________________ describes how the amount of human interaction between places that are far apart is less than that between places that are close together.
distance decay
The "doctrine of ______" holds that no matter how tiny an initial band of settlers may be, that first group is able to effect the later social and cultural geography of the area.
doctrine of first effective settlement
_____________ can help relieve the pressure of rapid population growth, as it did for Europe between 1846 and 1935.
emigration
environments as controls
environmental determinism: the belief that the physical environment exclusively shapes humans and their cultures TECHNOLOGY, SYSTEMS OF ORGANIZATION, AND IDEAS ABOUT WHAT IS TRUE AND RIGHT ARE NOT DICTATED BY ENVIRONMENTAL CIRCUMSTANCES
What is the name of the imaginary circle around the middle of the Earth that separates the Northern and Southern hemispheres?
equator
______ subsistence agriculture involves large areas of land and minimal labor input per hectare. Both yields per land unit and population densities are low
extensive
Compared to the movement of commodities, information flow and communication have experienced a(n) ______.
extensive space-time compression
Segregation is the ______.
extent to which members of an ethnic group are not uniformly distributed in relation to the rest of the population
____ industries are primary industries that remove nonrenewable metallic and nonmetallic resources from the Earth's crust.
extractive industries
_______ _______ involved the development of high-yield grain varieties and improved irrigation, fertilization, and pesticide practices and helped alleviate some of the food shortages and famines predicted for subsistence agricultural regions since the early 1960s.
green revolution
The wandering but controlled movement of livestock that depends on natural forage for survival is called ______.
nomadic herding
A one-story "smoking-room" house south of the Danube River, with a covered entrance and stables all under one roof, indicates ______ ethnicity.
northern Slav
When popular culture replaces local identity and variety with a homogenous and standardized landscape, this promotes ______.
placelessness
An example of specialized crops is those used in ____ agriculture. These crops are typically grown in tropical climates and involve their production on a large estate.
plantation
The flat portions of the population graph represent ______, periods when the population is in equilibrium with the carrying capacity of the land.
plateaus
______ is the emotional attachment to and the defense of home ground
territoriality
_____ with headquarters in one country and subsidiary companies, factories, warehouses, and laboratories in others, are driving globalization
transnational corporations (TNC)
Geography is the study of ______. (Select all that apply.)
- how and why things differ from place to place on the surface of the Earth - spatial variation - how observable spatial patterns evolved through time
A region is a(n) ______.
Earth area that displays significant elements of internal uniformity but also external difference from surrounding territories
In a case of _______ , a culture group undergoes major modifications in its own identifying traits by adopting some or all of the characteristics of another, dominant culture.
acculturation
Culture is transmitted within a society to future generations via ______.
instruction of group members to each other imitation of other group members suggestion by group members to each other
