Quiz #2
_____ describes a population in terms of its size, structure, and distribution.
Demographics
Cultures are static and rarely change.
False
The nearness that others can come to you in various situations without your feeling uncomfortable is known as _____.
personal space
What are the two major ways time varies between cultures?
perspective and interpretation
A culture's overall orientation toward time is known as its _____.
time perspective
Which of the following is enabling the growth of a global culture? - Mass media - Work - Education - Travel - All of the above
All of the above
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding youth and age?
Children in all countries have a significant influence on purchases.
In the United States, promptness is considered a virtue. Americans are expected to be on time to an event, and they expect others to do so as well. Which aspect of culture best explains this behavior?
Culture is acquired, that is, it is learned.
_____ values prescribe a society's relationship to its economic and technological as well as its physical environment.
Environment-oriented
Adapting products and services to local considerations is known as localizing.
False
Global citizens are highly concentrated in the United States and the United Kingdom.
False
Terminal materialism is the acquisition of things to enable one to do something.
False
Which of the following countries tends to value individualism over collectivism?
United States
The fact that Americans are prone to engage in physical activities and to take an action-oriented approach to problems can be explained through which self-oriented value dichotomy?
active/passive
Marketers that wish to expand internationally need to understand a culture's widely held beliefs that affirm what is desirable. To do this, marketers should study _____.
cultural values
Which of the following is NOT a factor that creates problems in literal translations and slang expressions?
differences in the direction in which written words are read
Sam has learned that a country to which his company desires to expand places a high value on cleanliness and admires nature immensely. Which category of cultural values does this represent?
environment-oriented
Which of the following is an example of a self-oriented value?
religious/secular
With respect to demographics, which of the following refers to the number of individuals in a society?
size
With respect to demographics, which of the following describes the society in terms of age, income, education, and occupation?
structure
Which of the following is an example of an environment-oriented value?
tradition/change
John and his wife love art and travel the world to purchase artwork that is representative of a country's culture. Which type of materialism does this represent?
terminal
_____ is the complex whole that includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by humans as members of society.
Culture
_____ values reflect a society's view of the appropriate relationships between individuals and groups within that society.
Other-oriented
Using one marketing strategy across various cultures is referred to as _____.
Standardization
What are the major challenges facing Walmart, Carrefour and Tesco in the Chapter 2 opener?
The superstore and hypermarket formats do not always work in Latin America and Asia. AND The sizes of the Latin American and Asian markets are attractive, but they are complex in nature and are very different from European and North American markets.
Before a marketer can successfully launch a brand in a foreign country, several nonverbal communication factors need to be understood. One of these factors is time, and international marketers must understand a culture's overall orientation toward time. This is known as a culture's _____.
Time perspective
Personal space refers to the nearness that others can come to you in various situations without your feeling uncomfortable.
True
The family unit is the basis for virtually all societies.
True
The meaning of time varies between cultures in two major ways: time perspective and interpretations assigned to specific uses of time.
True
Howard Industries is a computer manufacturer located in Laurel, MS. This company is interested in expanding internationally. Which of the following is a cultural factor that affects consumer behavior and marketing strategy that Howard Industries needs to be aware of?
nonverbal communications
Asian societies (i.e., Japan) value collective activity. That is, consumers look toward others for guidance in purchase decisions and do not respond favorably to promotional appeals focusing on individualism. Which category of cultural values does this represent?
other-oriented
A culture that tends to view time as being less discrete and less subject to scheduling, views simultaneous involvement in many activities as natural, allows activities to occur at their own pace rather than according to a predetermined timetable is adhering to a _____ time perspective.
polychronic
Jose is from Brazil and is currently enrolled in an MBA program at a U.S. university. He routinely comes to class 30-60 minutes late and does not turn in assignments by the deadline. One of his professors pulled him aside and asked him why he's always late for class and turns his work in late. Jose was surprised that his professor was bothered by this as this behavior is entirely acceptable in Brazil. In fact, it's expected. Which of the following best describes Jose's time perspective?
polychronic
In Germany, one concern retailers have is ensuring that cash drawers have enough money to make change when consumers make purchases. One company went so far as to use a computerized model that monitored the weight of the cash drawer and signaled a need for replenishment. This is such a concern because consumers typically use cash to make purchases, which differs from other countries, such as the U.S., where credit card use is more common. Which cultural value does this illustrate?
postponed gratification/immediate gratification