Quiz 7 Review

The nurse is analyzing the results of a client's urinalysis. Which results require the nurse to follow up as they represent abnormal results? Select all that apply.

Casts present, Bilirubin positive

The nurse would be most concerned when the glomerular filtrate contains:

Protein

A nurse is teaching a client about the functions of the kidney. Which would be the most appropriate information for the nurse to provide? Select all that apply.

Regulates calcium and phosphorus conservation and elimination Eliminates metabolic wastes Regulates pH of body fluids through reabsorption and conservation Regulates blood pressure through the renin-aldosterone mechanism

In the presence of aldosterone in the distal tube, what action would occur?

The urine would be nearly sodium-free.

Which occurrence is most likely to cause increased urination?

Decrease in antidiuretic hormone

A client asks the nurse what may have caused elevation in urinary protein levels (proteinuria) on a urine test. The best response by the nurse would be:

Abnormal glomerular filtration

An adult has a serum sample taken to evaluate the BUN-creatinine ratio. Select the result that indicates a normal test.

BUN 10 mg/dL (3.57 mmol/L) to creatinine 1 mg/dL (88.40 μmol/L)

The nurse is performing palpation of the kidney during assessment of the client on the urology unit. The nurse plans to palpate in which area?

Between the 12th thoracic and 3rd lumbar vertebrae

When caring for a client with dehydration, the nurse anticipates the client will have an alteration in which substance in the blood?

Blood urea nitrogen

The nurse is assigned multiple clients with anemia. Which client may be experiencing a failure of the body to produce erythropoietin and thus may require supplemental injections of this hormone?

Client with history of chronic kidney failure

Which client(s) is likely experiencing an increase in renal blood flow (RBF) and an increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) related to their current health status? Select all that apply.

Client with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus Client on a "keto" diet plan

A nurse is evaluating a client's morning laboratory values. Which result requires that the nurse notify the health care provider?

Creatinine: 10.6 mg/dL (937.04 μmol/L)

Which diagnostic study would be effective in determining direct visualization of the bladder and ureters?

Cystoscope

The nurse is caring for a client with a condition of deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). When assessing the client, which finding does the nurse anticipate?

Excessive urine output

A client has developed gout and is experiencing a "flare-up" with excruciating pain in the feet and toes. The client provides a list of recent new medications to treat worsening heart failure. The nurse's concern is that one may cause retention of uric acid. Which drug should the nurse ask the health care provider about?

Furosemide, a loop diuretic

Which condition causes an elevation in the level of blood urea nitrogen (BUN)?

Gastrointestinal bleeding

The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure and left atrial enlargement. Which physiologic consequence does the nurse anticipate when atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is released due to atrial stretch?

Inhibition of aldosterone

The major sites where aldosterone exerts its action on sodium reabsorption and potassium regulation occur in which tubule location?

Late distal and cortical collecting tubule

The nurse is caring for a client who has produced an average of 20 mL/hour for the previous day. The nurse recognizes this compares in which way to the normal urine output?

The kidneys should produce about 1.5 L of urine each day.

Gout and the development of kidney stones are often attributed to high levels of what compound?

Uric acid