quiz 7 sociology

All of the following are predetermined in caste stratification systems except:

How many children an individual will have

Which of the following is a key assumption of conflict theorists' view of social stratification?

Stratification is the outcome of struggles for dominance in scarce resources.

In __________ stratification systems, the characteristics individuals are born with determine one's position in society.

ascribed

Which of the following is an example of social capital?

country club membership

Although she works 30 hours a week, Natalie is unable to earn enough money to bring her and her sons to the poverty line, according to the income requirement set by the federal government. She and her family are experiencing:

absolute poverty

__________ refers to how individuals are layered or ranked in society according to how many valued resources they possess.

social stratification

Which is the highest social caste in India's caste system?

Brahmans

All of the following are tenets of the structural functionalist view of social stratification except:

Customs and traditions in a society often prevail over rational criteria in determining the distribution of scarce resources

The Hindu religion holds that individuals are born into one of four Varna or into a fifth group below the caste system known as the _______________ group.

Dalits

The gap between those with access to information technology and those without is known as the:

Digital divide

First-generation college graduates who become physicians reflect:

Intergenerational mobility

Which theorist(s) is/are most strongly associated with the structural functionalist view of social stratification?

Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore

Which of the following best describes the observed relationship between religion and social class?

Lower-class individuals in the United States are disproportionately represented in fundamentalist religions.

Which of the following statements about social mobility in the United States is false?

The mobility of women reflects the occupational achievements of their mothers.

It is the year 2100 and you are the first sociologist on Mars. Your job is to understand inequality on the Martian Base. Which of the following scenarios would you not expect?

There is no inequality on Mars; it is a utopian society that shares all things equally.

According to Marx, which of the following is a characteristic of the proletariat?

They have the power to create a classless society if they develop a class consciousness.

Which of the following statements about social classes in the United States is true?

Wages and salaries for the upper classes have risen in the past 30 years.

Which of the following statements about the middle class in the United States is false?

Wages and salaries in the middle classes have increased since the 1980s.

________________ theorists argue that poor women in capitalistic economic systems are used as reserve labor force that can be called and dismissed as needed.

conflict

Josh, a young black adult who grew up poor in New York, is having difficulty in college. He does not know how to dress for "formal" events, how to tie a tie, or own a pair of dress shoes. According to sociologists, Josh lacks:

cultural capital

Jason is studying race among the homeless. He finds that blacks and Mexicans are more likely to be in "public housing" than whites and Asians. He interprets this finding as "those in power exploiting those without power." Most likely, Jason adheres to:

evolutionary theory

Which type of stratification system allows movement between classes?

open

Which of the following is a micro-level factor that can shape social stratification?

physical attractiveness

The _________ model of power argues that power is shared among many power centers, each of which has their own self-interests to protect.

pluralist

Which of the following is a meso-level factor that can shape social stratification?

political affiliation

The __________ model of power suggests that individuals with powerful positions in political, business, and military arenas interact with each other and ensure that their power is not threatened.

power elite

Emily works and makes a modest salary. However, Emily is unable to provide new clothes or a two-bedroom apartment for her or her children. She is experiencing:

relative property

__________ refers to the extent and direction of individual movement in the social stratification system.

social mobility