QUIZZES 7-10
Women will typically have higher blood alcohol levels than men after consuming the same number of drinks. This is because . . . [More than one answer may be correct.] *women typically have less muscle (lean tissue) which helps to dilute alcohol. *women have less of an enzyme (ADH) that breaks down alcohol. women's brains are more senstive to alcohol. women absorb alcohol through the stomach lining much faster than men
*women typically have less muscle (lean tissue) which helps to dilute alcohol. *women have less of an enzyme (ADH) that breaks down alcohol.
Which of the following are characteristics of vitamin D? [One or MORE answers may be correct.] excessive intake may lead to mineral deposits in the kidneys. the requirement is increased in most people who are exposed to the sun. deficient intake may lead to altered bone composition. fortified milk is the major dietary source in the U.S. population.
-excessive intake may lead to mineral deposits in the kidneys. -deficient intake may lead to altered bone composition. -fortified milk is the major dietary source in the U.S. population.
Assuming a normal diet and moderate environment, the recommend fluid intake for a man is about ___ cups and for a woman is about ___ cups. 10; 8 13; 9 3; 2 6; 4
13; 9
What is the recommended minimum amount of time for washing hands with warm water and soap before preparing or eating food? 5 seconds about 15 seconds at least 1 minute 2 or more minutes
15 seconds
What is the minimum recommended safe temperature (°F) to heat leftovers? 140 152 165 180
165
What is considered "moderate" alcohol use? 2 drinks/day for an average-sized man; one/day for an average-sized woman drinking only with meals no more than 2 drinks per week drinking only for a social "buzz" but not drinking until drunk
2 drinks/day for an average-sized man; one/day for an average-sized woman
What is the safe refrigerator storage time for uncooked steaks, cooked chicken, opened packages of lunch meats, and tuna salad? 1 to 2 days 3 to 5 days 1 week 2 to 4 weeks
3 to 5 days
At what age does the normal infant first develop the ability to swallow solid food? 12 to 15 weeks 3 to 5 weeks 4 to 6 months 9 to12 months
4 to 6 months
John is looking to increase his dietary sources of vitamin C. However, he expresses a strong dislike for all citrus fruits. Which of the following shopping lists would you recommend? Banana, peanut butter, canned tuna fish Liver, yogurt, milk Whole grains, pork, fortified corn flakes Brussels sprouts, broccoli, strawberries
Brussels sprouts, broccoli, strawberries
Which of the following statements about the "Core Four" practices for sanitation is accurate? In addition to soap, you need to use an alcohol-based sanitizer to clean your hands. Sponges should not be used to wipe surfaces because they cannot be sanitized. Raw ground beef can be safely kept in the refrigerator at 40F for a week. Foods should be kept out of the food danger zone of 40-140F
Foods should be kept out of the food danger zone of 40-140F
Which of the following is true about potassium? Because of the amount of potatoes consumed, Americans easily meet the recommended intake of potassium. Good intakes of potassium can help to prevent (and correct) hypertension. Potassium is found in good amounts in breads and pasta.
Good intakes of potassium can help to prevent (and correct) hypertension.
Why is it recommended that infants not consume honey? Honey consumption during infancy is associated with the development of dental caries. Honey may contain the bacteria that causes botulism, a type of foodborne illness. Honey can lead to chronic diarrhea in infants. Infants do not like the taste of honey.
Honey may contain the bacteria that causes botulism, a type of foodborne illness.
What is the most likely reason for the development of a vitamin B12 deficiency? Increased excretion Increased losses in food preparation Inadequate absorption Inadequate intake
Inadequate absorption
Which of the following best describes the GRAS List? All additives on the list are permanently approved. It lists additives that can be used by manufacturers without further safety testing. It lists only natural and organic additives. all of these are correct
It lists additives that can be used by manufacturers without further safety testing.
Which of the following is an advantage of breastfeeding compared with formula feeding? It provides immunological protection It is the only way to develop a true loving relationship with the baby There is no limit to the supply The mother can be sure the baby is getting enough milk
It provides immunological protection
Which of the following population groups is the LEAST susceptible to iron-deficiency anemia? Children 2-10 years of age Women of childbearing age Men 20-45 years of age Older infants
Men 20-45 years of age
All of the following can contribute to chronic dehydration in elderly individuals EXCEPT: Older adults may limit fluid intake due to urinary incontinence. The thirst mechanism is impaired in the elderly. Perspiration increases as we age. Kidney function decreases with advancing age.
Perspiration increases as we age.
What is meant by the bioavailability of a vitamin in food? The amount that remains after a food is processed The amount absorbed and subsequently used by the body. The total amount available from a food. The different chemical forms of the same vitamin.
The amount absorbed and subsequently used by the body.
What is meant by carrying capacity of the earth? The number of tons of edible food that can be produced by all of the earth's cultivable land. The maximum number of living organisms that can be sustainably supported in an environment. The amount of oxygen consumed by all living organisms in relation to the amount of oxygen produced by all living plants. The total weight of all living organisms in relation to the weight of all non-living material including the earth's water mass.
The maximum number of living organisms that can be sustainably supported in an environment.
Which of the following recommendations for pregnant women and alcohol intake has been issued by the U.S. Surgeon General? They should drink absolutely no alcohol They should refrain from drinking hard liquor only They are permitted to ingest no more than 2 drinks per day They are permitted to ingest small amounts of alcohol during the first 3 months but none thereafter
They should drink absolutely no alcohol
Which of the following is a result of common U.S. agriculture practices? They promote protection of soil and water. They frequently lead to higher crop prices. They are designed to benefit mostly small family farms. They tend to support the use of pesticides and fertilizers.
They tend to support the use of pesticides and fertilizers.
Which of the following is most likely to occur from a prolonged dietary deficiency of vitamin A? Osteomalacia Osteoporosis Prolonged blood-clotting time Xerophthalmia
Xerophthalmia
All of the following factors increase fluid needs EXCEPT: hot weather and cold weather increased protein intake a sedentary lifestyle fiber intake
a sedentary lifestyle
Monosodium glutamate, high fructose corn syrup, and calcium added to orange juice are all examples of: genetically modified organisms. additives. pesticides. preservatives.
additives
Which of the following is an advantage of breastmilk (vs. infant formula)? provides highly absorbable iron all of the above provides immunity factors contains more digestible proteins is a source of essentail fatty acids
all of the above
Which foods should not be given to an infant under 12 months of age? all of these are correct cow's milk foods with added salt or sugars honey
all of these
Why are supplements of vitamin D and calcium recommend for elderly individuals? Elderly frequently use sun blockers which inhibits the synthesis of vitamin D. Absorption of calcium and vitamin D is reduced as we age. All of the above are reasons that the elderly need to increase their intake of vitamin D and calcium. Elderly individuals may limit their dairy intake due to lactose intolerance.
all of these
Blood calcium is critical for: muscle contraction. transmission of nerve impulses. all of these are correct maintenance of blood pressure
all of these are correct
Food insecurity is very common in the US. Millions of households experience food insecurity when: someone in the household goes to bed hungry. a family needs to live on cheap calories which are low in nutrient density. the person in charge of food purchases worries she/he will not be able to stretch the grocery budget far enough. all of these are correct
all of these are correct
What is a disadvantage of using vitamin supplements? potential toxicity all of these are correct reduced bioavailability lack of intake of other benefits (fiber, antioxidants for example)
all of these are correct
Which of the following are good food sources of calcium? legumes all of these are correct broccoli tofu
all of these are correct
Which of the following food may carry food poisoning? fresh melons eggs hamburger all of these are correct
all of these are correct
Which of the following foods provides good amounts of antioxidants? dark green, leafy vegetables all of these are correct citrus fruits seeds
all of these are correct
You can take to prevent foodborne illess by: cooking foods thoroughly refrigerate cooked foods promptly use hot water (140 degrees) to clean equipment all of these are correct
all of these are correct
A person seeking good sources of vitamin A would select which of the following? [More than ONE answer may be correct.] apricots. bananas. liver. orange juice
apricots, liver
On a food label, the word "organic" means which of the following? - no - 100% of the ingredients are organic at least 95% of the ingredients are organic some of the ingredients are organic - no - there is no legal definition for the use of this word on food labels
at least 95% of the ingredients are organic
Which of the following methods of thawing meat or poultry increases the risk of foodborne illness? In the refrigerator At room temperature In a microwave oven Under cool running water
at room temperture
Which of the following are related to low birthweight in new born babies? [One or more answers may be correct.] brain impairments higher risk of obesity in adulthood very slow growth or a failure to thrive higher risk of death before age 1 year
brain impairments higher risk of obesity in adulthood
Some of the ways the body maintains calcium balance is by: [One or more answers may be correct!] releasing excess calcium in the urine. by releasing stored calcium from the bone into the blood. absorbing calcium from the intestine.
by releasing stored calcium from the bone into the blood. absorbing calcium from the intestine.
Which of the following should be avoided during pregnancy? [One or more answers may be correct.] caffeinated beverages seafood strength training raw dairy products
caffeine raw dairy
Chronic hunger causes many deaths worldwide, especially among: children newborns women elderly adults
children
Which of the following is a benefit of irradiating food? higher B-vitamin content destruction of bacteria sterilization of food improved taste and texture
destruction of bacteria
The most common symptoms of foodborne illness include all of the following EXCEPT fever. cramps. diarrhea. double vision.
double vision
At what point during pregnancy is adequate folate the MOST important? immediately prior to delivery during the third trimester during the second trimester during the first four weeks after conception
during the first four weeks after conception
Which of the following can lead to milk anemia in children 1 year old and older? Using non-fat cow's milk. Excessive intake of cow's milk. Lack of bioavailable iron in milk (of any type). Low iron content of breast milk.
excessive intake of cows milk
For normal-weight women, the ideal pattern of weight gain during the first trimester of pregnancy is one pound per week. True False
false
Most adults absorb about 30 to 50 percent of the calcium they ingest. True False
false
People with high blood pressure show many obvious symptoms. True False
false
The weight that pregnant women put on is nearly all fat tissue. True False
false
Researchers and doctors recommend pregnant women avoid alcohol because of the health risks to the fetus. This collection of potential problems (such as brain damage, growth restriction, vision problems and more) are known as _____________________.
fetal alcohol syndrome
As a means to reduce the risk of neural tube defects in newborn infants, grain products are fortified with what nutrient? Vitamin B12 Thiamine Vitamin C Folate
folate
Inadequate intakes of ________ during pregnancy are associated with neural tube defectsin the fetus. iron protein calcium folate
folate
Which of the following causes the loss of a third of food produced worldwide? agricultural runoff food waste global warming local warfare
food waste
Which of the following is the most reliable source of vitamin D in the diet? Meat Fortified milk Enriched breads and cereals Fruits and vegetables
fortified milk
Which of the following may result from iodine deficiency? Hypertension Gout Goiter Anemia
goiter
Which of the following is most susceptible to bacterial contamination? chops and steak hambuger (ground meat) pre-cut chicken all of these are correct
hamburger (ground meat)
From the reading in the text, you learned about global trends that may threaten our food supply, which include all of the following EXCEPT continued population growth fresh water shortage increased animal protein demand loss of farm land (topsoil) - no
increased animal protein demand
What is the most reliable indicator of an infant's future health status? Mother's weight gain during pregnancy Mother's nutrition status prior to pregnancy Infant's birthweight Mother's weight before pregnancy
infants birthweight
What mineral is added to table salt to help prevent goiter? fluoride iodine chloride iron
iodine
The DRI for ________ decreases with age. calcium - not calcium vitamin D - not vitamin d vitamin C iron
iron
Worldwide, __________ deficiency is the most common nutrient deficiency. zinc chromium calcium
iron
To avoid cross-contamination of foods: it is good practice to keep a separate cutting board just for raw meats avoid placing a raw slice of tomato on a cooked hamburger patty. do not place containers of cooked foods to chill next to each other on the same shelf. do not thaw raw meats in the refrigerator.
it is good practice to keep a separate cutting board just for raw meats
A low-birthweight infant weighs: less than 6.0 pounds. less than 5.5 pounds. less than 7.5 pounds. less than 4.5 pounds.
less than 5.5 pounds.
Which of the following organs makes almost all of the body's alcohol-processing machinery? liver spleen stomach pancreas
liver
Which organ breaks down most of the alcohol consumed? liver small intestine stomach pancreas
liver
A person seeking good sources of vitamin A would select which of the following? [More than ONE answer may be correct.] orange juice liver. bananas. apricots.
liver, apricots
Historically, which of the following diets was most associated with beriberi? High intakes of refined or polished rice High intakes of enriched grains Low intakes of antioxidants Low intakes of whole grains
low intakes of whole grains
What is the main function(s) of vitamin D? controls absorption of fat soluble vitamins promotes synthesis of cholesterol maintain blood calcium levels as a natural sun screen
maintain blood calcium levels
Of the following commonly eaten foods, which makes the greatest contribution to riboflavin intake in the US? Milk Peanut butter Orange juice Potatoes
milk
The first detectable sign of vitamin A deficiency is usually night blindness. xerophthalmia. corneal keratinization. xerosis.
night blindness
During pregnancy what amount of alcohol consumption is considered safe? one drink a week one drink a day none one drink a month
none
Which of the following is considered one drink of alcohol? all of these are correct one shot of whiskey, 1 ½ oz, 80 proof one glass of wine, about 6 to 8 oz a pint of beer, about 16 oz, American-style type
one shot of whiskey, 1 ½ oz, 80 proof
What groups of people may be at risk for Vitamin D insufficiency? [One or more answers may be correct.] overweight and obese people vegans children with dark skin adults over 70 years old
overweight and obese people vegans children with dark skin adults over 70 years old
What is the major cause of iron deficiency? Blood loss Poor nutrition Hereditary defect Parasitic infections of the GI tract
poor nutrition
What is/are the most common preservative(s) used in our food? MSG nitrates and sulfites salt and sugar vitamins E and C
salt and sugar
Which of the following is NOT a feature of the fat-soluble vitamins? pose a greater risk for developing a toxicity than water-soluble vitamins found in the fat and oily parts of foods bile stored permanently in the blood
stored permanently in the blood
Iron needs are very high during pregnancy because. . . [One or more answers may be correct.] it is essential for proper brain and nervous system development the mother's blood volume increases during pregnancy * the fetus stores iron for the first 4 to 6 months after birth * the fetus's bones are developing very quickly
the mother's blood volume increases during pregnancy the fetus stores iron for the first 4 to 6 months after birth *
All of the following are properties of electrolytes EXCEPT they are charged particles. they attract water. they carry electrical current. they include fat-soluble as well as water-soluble particles.
they include fat-soluble as well as water-soluble particles
Beriberi results from a deficiency of thiamin. vitamin C. vitamin B12. vitamin A.
thiamin
Fetal demand for iron is highest during the: second trimester. third trimester. first trimester. entire gestational period.
third trimester
Fetal demand for iron is highest during the: third trimester. second trimester. first trimester. entire gestational period.
third trimester
A low-birthweight baby is nearly 40 times more likely to die in the first year of life than is a normal-weight baby. True False
true
A sudden, large weight gain during pregnancy is always a danger signal. True False
true
During pregnancy calcium absorption doubles and iron may be absorb at up to three times the non-pregnant rate. True False
true
For people who have high blood pressure and are overweight, even losing 10 pounds can help to lower blood pressure. True False
true
It takes about 12 units of beta-carotene to create one unit of retinol in the body. True False
true
Which of the following are major sources of vitamin E in the diet? [On or MORE answers may be correct.] Meats Citrus fruits Vegetable oils Milk and dairy products
vegetable oils?
Losses of which of the following vitamins are least likely during the canning process? riboflavin thiamin vitamin C vitamin A
vitamin A
Breast milk as the sole source of nutrition, up to the first 6 months in healthy infants, is satisfactory for all nutrients except vitamin D. zinc and vitamin A. iron and folate. sodium.
vitamin d
Unlike formula-fed babies, exclusively breastfed babies need supplements of ___________. iron vitamin D fluoride calcium
vitamin d
Worldwide, the nutrients most common micronutrient deficiencies include all of the following EXCEPT iron iodine vitamin A vitamin D
vitamin d
Older people suffer more from deficiencies of ________ than young people do. vitamin E and thiamin vitamin C and niacin vitamin A and beta-carotene vitamin D and B12
vitamin d and b12
Older people suffer more from deficiencies of ________ than young people do. vitamin E and thiamin vitamin D and B12 vitamin A and beta-carotene vitamin C and niacin
vitamin d and b12
The bacteria which cause foodborne illness thrive under which conditions? high heat and light warm, moist and nutrient-rich in sugary or salty solutions dry plus cool temperatures
warm, moist and nutrient-rich
In the elderly a ________ deficiency can lead to a decreased sense of taste and smell. iron zinc vitamin D protein
zinc