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"So it is safe to conclude that material conditions...provided modest gains and some solace for many workers during the early industrial period as a whole" - what historical evidence do we have of this idea?

An improvement in wages and quality of life for the working class

Which word refers to the agreement that elevated the Magyars to equal status as Austrians in the Austrian Empire?

Ausgleich

Napoleon's domestic policies

Balanced Revolutionary ideals with his own empirical power

What 19th c. ideology emphasized Enlightenment ideas such as individual liberty?

Classical liberalism

What was Andreas Vesalius's contribution to the Scientific Revolution?

Discoveries in the medical field

Which leader responded to their people's frequent unrest by redesigning the capital city to include broader boulevards (in part to make it easier for soldiers to move around)?

Emperor Napoleon III

John Calvin is famous for

Emphasizing predestination within Protestantism

True or False: Absolute monarchs encouraged religious toleration

False - it dangerously allowed people to set themselves apart from the monarch

Which nation was unified by 1871 through the use of realpolitik and wars against Austria, Denmark, & France?

Germany

Why is Garibaldi considered a nationalist?

He agreed to Italian unification under King Victor Emmanuel II

Define Darwin's theory of evolution

It emphasized 'survival of the fit', natural advantages, & adaptation

Which of the following is true regarding a liberal education during the Renaissance?

It focused on creating well-rounded & ethical citizens

Which of these are included in Locke's natural rights?

Life Liberty Property

Which of the following caused the French Revolution of 1789?

Low wages not keeping up with rising costs of living An ineffective monarch & unrepresentative Estates General

Which economic system emphasizes wealth acquisition through government intervention & colonialism?

Mercantilism

The attempt by the Czechs and Hungarians to break away from Austria in 1848 demonstrated which 19th century ideology?

Nationalism

This painting demonstrates Romanticism's emphasis on:

Nature & individualism

Characteristics of renaissance art

Nature, perspective, secularism

Which scientist was most strongly influenced by the idea that the universe followed predictable patterns?

Newton

What was the major idea of the Peace of Augsburg 1555?

Official religions would be determined by local rulers

Why were early socialists called "utopian"?

Opponents thought their ideas were unrealistic

How did city life change in the early 19th century?

Poor city leadership worsened unhygienic sanitary conditions

Which leaders worked together in the Holy Alliance, established shortly after the Congress of Vienna?

Prince Klemens von Metternich of Austria Tsar Alexander I of Russia King Frederick William III of Prussia

How did 19th century western Europe attempt to deal with violent criminal elements in their societies?

Prison reform & the creation of police forces

Why did Russia emancipate its serfs in 1861?

Recent embarrassing military losses and internal instability

Which of the following is inaccurate?

Spanish explorer da Gama went around Africa to India

The Glorious Revolution resulted in...

The English Bill of Rights & evidence for Locke's political philosophy

What was the 18th century Grand Tour?

The final piece of a noble son's education

Which of the following are used as evidence that the Crimean War was the first modern war?

Trench warfare Telegraph Professional nursing

Gendered symbolism became prominent in nationalist Romantic paintings as a result of:

upper-class norms showing women as vulnerable & needing defense


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